android接收和傳送簡訊
1.android傳送簡訊
android API 中提供了smsManager類處理簡訊。其中的sendTextMessage(num, null, content, pend, null)函數就是發送
簡訊的方法。第一個參數為目標者手機號、第二個參數為簡訊中心地址 null為預設地址、
第三個參數簡訊的常值內容、第四個參數是一個intent會把發送結果帶回。第五個參數不知,一般為null。
一個應用程式要具備傳送簡訊功能,需要在androidManifest.xml中加入android.permission.SEND_SMS許可權。
在模擬器中發送中文會接收方出現亂碼的問題,但是在真機中,就不會出現亂碼的情況了。所以
開發人員只需要正常開發簡訊功能,不需要編碼轉換。
接收簡訊也是比較方便的,主要是繼承BroadcaseReceiver 類 ,覆蓋onReceive 函數:
1:相關類:
android.content.BroadcastReceiver
android.telephony.gsm.SmsMessage;
2:example code.
public class MessageDemo extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static final String strACT = "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED";
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if (intent.getAction().equals(strACT)) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
if (bundle != null) {
Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
SmsMessage[] msg = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
msg[i] = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
}
for (SmsMessage currMsg : msg) {
sb.append("From:");
sb.append(currMsg.getDisplayOriginatingAddress());
sb.append("\nMessage:");
sb.append(currMsg.getDisplayMessageBody());
}
}
}
}
3: 相關的配置
修改AndroidManifest.xml,在Activity下添加receiver節點:
<receiver android:name="MessageDemo">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
隨後在application下添加節點:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>
4:使用BroadReceiver的弊端
查看BroadReceiver sdk reference , 可以瞭解到所有的BroadReceiver對簡訊的接收是無順序的狀態 ,即使是使用了Ordered broadcasts對於同等優先順序別的BroadReceiver ,也會產生無順序的行為。
所以下面介紹另一種接收簡訊的行為,包括其中可以進行簡訊的刪除。
5:從資料庫端監聽sms的收發
//如下 主要用於內部資料庫改變,向外面的介面(Activity)做反應
class SMSHandler extends Handler
{
public void handleMessage(Message msg)
{
//Handle message
}
}
// 對收到短訊息後,做出的處理,這裡直接刪除,並沒有反應到介面,所以上面的handleMessage是空的。
class SMSObserver extends ContentObserver
{
private Handler m_handle = null;
public SMSObserver(Handler handle)
{
super(handle);
m_handle = handle;
}
public void onChange(boolean bSelfChange)
{
super.onChange(bSelfChange);
//Send message to Activity
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = "xxxxxxxxxx";
m_handle.sendMessage(msg);
String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox";
Uri uriSms = Uri.parse(strUriInbox); //If you want to access all SMS, just replace the uri string to "content://sms/"
Cursor c = mContext.getContentResolver().query(uriSms, null, null, null, null);
// delete all sms here when every new sms occures.
while (c.moveToNext())
{
//Read the contents of the SMS;
for(int i; i < c.getColumnCount(); i++)
{
String strColumnName = c.getColumnName(i);
String strColumnValue = c.getString(i);
}
//Delete the SMS
String pid = c.getString(1); //Get thread id;
String uri = "content://sms/conversations/" + pid;
mContext.getContentResolver().delete(Uri.parse(uri), null, null);
}
}
}
//把基本類功能性地應用起來
ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();// Context 環境下getContentResolver()
Handler handler = new SMSHandler();
ContentObserver m_SMSObserver = new SMSObserver(handler);
contentResolver.registerContentObserver(Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"),true, m_SMSObserver);
//Register to observe SMS in outbox,we can observe SMS in other location by changing Uri string, such as inbox, sent, draft, outbox, etc.)
// some Available Uri string for sms.
/*
String strUriInbox = "content://sms/inbox";//SMS_INBOX:1
String strUriFailed = "content://sms/failed";//SMS_FAILED:2
String strUriQueued = "content://sms/queued";//SMS_QUEUED:3
String strUriSent = "content://sms/sent";//SMS_SENT:4
String strUriDraft = "content://sms/draft";//SMS_DRAFT:5
String strUriOutbox = "content://sms/outbox";//SMS_OUTBOX:6
String strUriUndelivered = "content://sms/undelivered";//SMS_UNDELIVERED
String strUriAll = "content://sms/all";//SMS_ALL
String strUriConversations = "content://sms/conversations";//you can delete one conversation by thread_id
String strUriAll = "content://sms"//you can delete one message by _id
*/
REMEBER: must request following permission
1) Read SMS
<uses-permssion android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
2) Delete/Modify/Send SMS
<uses-permssion android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />
in AndroidManifest.xml