Android Style 和 Theme學習

標籤：

一、Style用來定義Android View或者Windows樣式，在res/values/styles.xml檔案中進行定義，名字唯一；

</pre><pre name="code" class="html"><pre class="prettyprint" style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; padding: 1em; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><?</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">xml version</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"1.0"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> encoding</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"utf-8"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">?></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><resources></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><style</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"CodeFont"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">parent</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"@android:style/TextAppearance.Medium"</span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">        </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:layout_width"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">fill_parent</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"></</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">        </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:layout_height"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">wrap_content</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"></</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">        </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:textColor"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>#</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">00FF00</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"></</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">        </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:typeface"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">monospace</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"></</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"></style></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"></resources></span>

使用在：

<pre class="prettyprint" style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; padding: 1em; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><TextView</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">style</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">@</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">style</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">/</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">CodeFont</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">android:text</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"@string/hello"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">/></span>

等價於：

<TextView    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:textColor="#00FF00"    android:typeface="monospace"    android:text="@string/hello" />

二、使用方式

          直接通過View，如TextView的style屬性進行指定，@style/開頭表示自訂的style，@andriod/style開頭表示是系統為我們提供的；在AndroidMainfest.xml中進行使用時，在<application>中通過android:Theme進行指定，則將應用到所有的Activity上面，在<activiy>中指定，則只應用在一個Activity上面。

三、繼承

1、繼承自訂的style可以通過如下方式繼承：

</pre><pre class="prettyprint" style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; padding: 1em; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><style</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"CodeFont.Red"</span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">        </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:textColor"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>#</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">FF0000</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"></</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"></style></span>

<pre class="prettyprint" style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; padding: 1em; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><style</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"CodeFont.Red.Big"</span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">        </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"><</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:textSize"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">30sp</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);"></</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">item</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"></style></span>

2、繼承系統的style只能通過 <style>標籤中的parent屬性指定父style；

四、針對不同的版本定義不同的布局

預設的styles.xml檔案實在res/values中，而res/values-v11下的styles.xml則指定了當api level為11對應的Android 3.0平台，只要在這些styles.xml定義相同的名字的style，那麼系統就會自動到相應版本的檔案夾下，載入相應的style了。

如：在res/values/styles.xml中定義

<pre class="prettyprint" style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; padding: 1em; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><style</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"LightThemeSelector"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">parent</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:Theme.Light"</span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">...</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"></style></span>

在res/values-v11/styles.xml中定義

<pre class="prettyprint" style="font-size: 13px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; color: rgb(0, 102, 0); font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; padding: 1em; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(247, 247, 247);"><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"><style</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"LightThemeSelector"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="atn" style="color: rgb(136, 34, 136);">parent</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="atv" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0);">"android:Theme.Holo.Light"</span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">    </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">...</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"></span><span class="tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);"></style></span>

五、

Theme：style應用到application或者activity上就是了。

以上來自Android開發文檔。

Android Style 和 Theme學習