一.序
前文分析了build.prop這個系統屬性檔案的產生http://blog.csdn.net/jscese/article/details/18699155,每個屬性都有一個名稱和值,他們都是字串格式。屬性被大量使用在Android系統中,用來記錄系統設定或進程之間的資訊交換。屬性是在整個系統中全域可見的。每個進程可以get/set屬性,這裡主要記錄在java層或者c++層如果使用,以及整個system_property運作流程。
二.java層調用 源碼位於/frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/SystemProperties.java中:
get屬性:
/** * Get the value for the given key. * @return an empty string if the key isn't found * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the key exceeds 32 characters */ public static String get(String key) { if (key.length() > PROP_NAME_MAX) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("key.length > " + PROP_NAME_MAX); } return native_get(key); }
set屬性:
/** * Set the value for the given key. * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the key exceeds 32 characters * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the value exceeds 92 characters */ public static void set(String key, String val) { if (key.length() > PROP_NAME_MAX) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("key.length > " + PROP_NAME_MAX); } if (val != null && val.length() > PROP_VALUE_MAX) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("val.length > " + PROP_VALUE_MAX); } native_set(key, val); }
都會調用本地介面:
private static native String native_get(String key);private static native void native_set(String key, String def);
該介面類在初始化運行環境中註冊對應的cpp介面android_os_SystemProperties.cpp,實際操作通過JNI調用的是cpp檔案對應的介面:
/frameworks/base/core/jni/AndroidRuntime.cpp中:
extern int register_android_os_SystemProperties(JNIEnv *env);
/frameworks/base/core/jni/android_os_SystemProperties.cpp中JNI:
static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = { { "native_get", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;", (void*) SystemProperties_getS }, { "native_get", "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;", (void*) SystemProperties_getSS }, { "native_get_int", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)I", (void*) SystemProperties_get_int }, { "native_get_long", "(Ljava/lang/String;J)J", (void*) SystemProperties_get_long }, { "native_get_boolean", "(Ljava/lang/String;Z)Z", (void*) SystemProperties_get_boolean }, { "native_set", "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V", (void*) SystemProperties_set }, { "native_add_change_callback", "()V", (void*) SystemProperties_add_change_callback },};
以set屬性為例,調用:
static void SystemProperties_set(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jstring keyJ, jstring valJ){ int err; const char* key; const char* val; if (keyJ == NULL) { jniThrowNullPointerException(env, "key must not be null."); return ; } key = env->GetStringUTFChars(keyJ, NULL); if (valJ == NULL) { val = ""; /* NULL pointer not allowed here */ } else { val = env->GetStringUTFChars(valJ, NULL); } err = property_set(key, val); env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(keyJ, key); if (valJ != NULL) { env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(valJ, val); } if (err < 0) { jniThrowException(env, "java/lang/RuntimeException", "failed to set system property"); }}
調用到/system/core/libcutils/properties.c中的
property_set(key, val)。以java層的理解到這裡就OK。
三.c++層的調用/system/core/libcutils/properties.c中的:
int property_set(const char *key, const char *value){ return __system_property_set(key, value);}
到/bionic/libc/bionic/system_properties.c中:
int __system_property_set(const char *key, const char *value){.... memset(&msg, 0, sizeof msg); msg.cmd = PROP_MSG_SETPROP; strlcpy(msg.name, key, sizeof msg.name); strlcpy(msg.value, value, sizeof msg.value); err = send_prop_msg(&msg); if(err < 0) { return err; } return 0;}
通過一個普通的TCP(SOCK_STREAM)通訊端進行通訊。
static int send_prop_msg(prop_msg *msg){ struct pollfd pollfds[1]; struct sockaddr_un addr; socklen_t alen; size_t namelen; int s; int r; int result = -1; s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if(s < 0) { return result; } memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr)); namelen = strlen(property_service_socket);...}
以上是作為client端,通過socket向service發送訊息。
四.property_service服務的啟動
property_service 服務的啟動是在android初始化的時候在/system/core/init/init.c時建立:
int main(int argc, char **argv){ int fd_count = 0; struct pollfd ufds[4];...int property_set_fd_init = 0;... queue_builtin_action(property_service_init_action, "property_service_init");... if (!property_set_fd_init && get_property_set_fd() > 0) { ufds[fd_count].fd = get_property_set_fd(); ufds[fd_count].events = POLLIN; ufds[fd_count].revents = 0; fd_count++; property_set_fd_init = 1; }... if (ufds[i].revents == POLLIN) { if (ufds[i].fd == get_property_set_fd()) handle_property_set_fd();...}
由init守護進程分配一個共用記憶體區來儲存這些屬性。並且通過__libc_init(...)—— __libc_init_common(...)——__system_properties_init();
由/bionic/libc/bionic/system_properties.c中的__system_properties_init()來初始化屬性系統的共用記憶體。
在這裡啟動了property_service這個系統屬性服務,http://blog.csdn.net/jscese/article/details/17115395這裡有啟動相關細節。
從property_service_init_action調用到/system/core/init/property_service.c中的啟動函數:
void start_property_service(void){ int fd; load_properties_from_file(PROP_PATH_SYSTEM_BUILD); load_properties_from_file(PROP_PATH_SYSTEM_DEFAULT); load_override_properties(); /* Read persistent properties after all default values have been loaded. */ load_persistent_properties(); fd = create_socket(PROP_SERVICE_NAME, SOCK_STREAM, 0666, 0, 0); if(fd < 0) return; fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC); fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK); listen(fd, 8); property_set_fd = fd;}
可以看到,在這裡載入了系統屬性檔案到共用記憶體,檔案定義在/bionic/libc/include/sys/_system_properties.h:
#define PROP_PATH_RAMDISK_DEFAULT "/default.prop"#define PROP_PATH_SYSTEM_BUILD "/system/build.prop"#define PROP_PATH_SYSTEM_DEFAULT "/system/default.prop"#define PROP_PATH_LOCAL_OVERRIDE "/data/local.prop"
屬性資訊按照上面的順序被載入。後載入的屬性會覆蓋前面的屬性值(當屬性名稱相同的時候)。當上面載入完成後,最後載入的是駐留屬性,儲存在/data/property檔案中.
建立了一個SOCK_STREAM通訊端並進入監聽listen狀態!
到這裡property_service已經啟動完畢!
五.property_service服務訊息處理
在init守護進程中監聽到有屬性服務的事件時調用:
void handle_property_set_fd(){ prop_msg msg;... if ((s = accept(property_set_fd, (struct sockaddr *) &addr, &addr_size)) < 0) { return; }... r = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(recv(s, &msg, sizeof(msg), 0));... switch(msg.cmd) { case PROP_MSG_SETPROP:... if(memcmp(msg.name,"ctl.",4) == 0) { // Keep the old close-socket-early behavior when handling // ctl.* properties. close(s); if (check_control_perms(msg.value, cr.uid, cr.gid, source_ctx)) { handle_control_message((char*) msg.name + 4, (char*) msg.value); } else { ERROR("sys_prop: Unable to %s service ctl [%s] uid:%d gid:%d pid:%d\n", msg.name + 4, msg.value, cr.uid, cr.gid, cr.pid); } } else { if (check_perms(msg.name, cr.uid, cr.gid, source_ctx)) { property_set((char*) msg.name, (char*) msg.value); } else { ERROR("sys_prop: permission denied uid:%d name:%s\n", cr.uid, msg.name); }...}
接收socket請求串連,接收屬性請求數,處理資訊:
可以看到如果接收到的資訊是以“ctl”開頭,進行check_control_perms(msg.value, cr.uid, cr.gid, source_ctx)鑒權處理。
這裡的傳入訊息值,發送訊息進程的uid以及gid。
這裡是控制許可權數組:
/* * White list of UID that are allowed to start/stop services. * Currently there are no user apps that require. */struct { const char *service; unsigned int uid; unsigned int gid;} control_perms[] = { { "dumpstate",AID_SHELL, AID_LOG }, { "ril-daemon",AID_RADIO, AID_RADIO }, {NULL, 0, 0 }};
在/system/core/include/private/android_filesystem_config.h中有各種許可權的定義:
#define AID_ROOT 0 /* traditional unix root user */#define AID_SYSTEM 1000 /* system server */#define AID_RADIO 1001 /* telephony subsystem, RIL */#define AID_BLUETOOTH 1002 /* bluetooth subsystem */#define AID_GRAPHICS 1003 /* graphics devices */
有許可權 就執行/system/core/init/init.c中的:
void handle_control_message(const char *msg, const char *arg){ if (!strcmp(msg,"start")) { msg_start(arg); } else if (!strcmp(msg,"stop")) { msg_stop(arg); } else if (!strcmp(msg,"restart")) { msg_stop(arg); msg_start(arg); } else { ERROR("unknown control msg '%s'\n", msg); }}
這個是用來 開啟和關閉或者重啟 服務!
一般的訊息值鑒權check_perms(msg.name, cr.uid, cr.gid, source_ctx)。
一般的控制許可權數組:
/* White list of permissions for setting property services. */struct { const char *prefix; unsigned int uid; unsigned int gid;} property_perms[] = { { "net.rmnet0.", AID_RADIO, 0 }, { "net.gprs.", AID_RADIO, 0 }, { "net.ppp", AID_RADIO, 0 },...};
有許可權則執行:
int property_set(const char *name, const char *value){... if(pi != 0) { /* ro.* properties may NEVER be modified once set */ if(!strncmp(name, "ro.", 3)) return -1;... /* If name starts with "net." treat as a DNS property. */ if (strncmp("net.", name, strlen("net.")) == 0) { if (strcmp("net.change", name) == 0) { return 0; } /* * The 'net.change' property is a special property used track when any * 'net.*' property name is updated. It is _ONLY_ updated here. Its value * contains the last updated 'net.*' property. */ property_set("net.change", name); } else if (persistent_properties_loaded && strncmp("persist.", name, strlen("persist.")) == 0) { /* * Don't write properties to disk until after we have read all default properties * to prevent them from being overwritten by default values. */ write_persistent_property(name, value);#ifdef HAVE_SELINUX } else if (strcmp("selinux.reload_policy", name) == 0 && strcmp("1", value) == 0) { selinux_reload_policy();#endif } property_changed(name, value); return 0;}
這個property_set就是set屬性真正的執行函數!
可以看到會判斷是否以“ro”字串開頭,如果接收到的訊息值,也就是要set的屬性值以這個作為開頭,就代表唯讀,不能被改變.
如果共用記憶體中有則update_prop_info(pi, value, valuelen);沒有就儲存到記憶體中。
如果屬性是有“net.”字串開頭,當設定這種屬性的時候,“net.change”這條屬性也會被自動化佈建,其內容設為最後更新過的屬性名稱,用來記錄net.*屬性上面的變化。
如果屬性是有“persist.”字串開頭,那麼就認為是駐留屬性,當修改的時候同時也會寫進/data/property檔案中。
最後調用property_changed(name, value),通知屬性已經改變,更新屬性,僅僅在運行時可用的屬性不需要調用這個方法,除非它們能被資料繫結。
到這裡property_service服務已經大體分析完!
六.adb shell 命令
adb shell getprop 列出系統所有屬性
adb shell getprop | grep lcd 列出包含lcd的屬性
adb shell setprop 修改指定的系統屬性
撰寫不易,轉載請註明出處http://blog.csdn.net/jscese/article/details/18700903。