本文介紹的菜單控制項採用的css 和ul list來顯示菜單,產生的html小,無需javascript支援,對大部分的瀏覽器都支援,除ie6要單獨修改css也可以使其支援。
通過本文可以瞭解asp.net 控制項的開發,及Composite設計模式的實際運用。
採用Composite設計模式設計菜單類:
MenuCompositeitem類
複製代碼 代碼如下:namespace Ruinet.Controls
{
[Serializable()]
public class MenuCompositeItem
{
private List<MenuCompositeItem> _children = new List<MenuCompositeItem>();
private string _text;
private string _link;
private string _target;
/// <summary>
/// 功能表項目
/// </summary>
/// <param name="text">菜單名</param>
/// <param name="link">連結</param>
public MenuCompositeItem(string text, string link)
{
this._text = text;
this._link = link;
}
/// <summary>
/// 功能表項目
/// </summary>
/// <param name="text">菜單名</param>
/// <param name="link">連結</param>
/// <param name="target">跳轉目標</param>
public MenuCompositeItem(string text, string link, string target)
{
this._text = text;
this._link = link;
this._target = target;
}
/// <summary>
/// 設定或擷取菜單名
/// </summary>
public string Text
{
get { return _text; }
set { _text = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 設定或擷取連結
/// </summary>
public string Link
{
get { return _link; }
set { _link = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 跳轉目標
/// </summary>
public string Target
{
get { return _target; }
set { _target=value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 設定或擷取子功能表
/// </summary>
public List<MenuCompositeItem> Children
{
get { return _children; }
set { _children = value; }
}
}
MenuComposite類 複製代碼 代碼如下:namespace Ruinet.Controls
{
[DefaultProperty("Menu")]
[ToolboxData("<{0}:MenuComposite runat=server></{0}:MenuComposite>")]
public class MenuComposite : WebControl
{
/// <summary>
/// 設定擷取選擇的菜單
/// </summary>
[Bindable(true)]
[DefaultValue("")]
[Localizable(true)]
public string SelectedMenuText
{
get
{
String s = (String)ViewState["SelectedMenuText"];
return ((s == null) ? String.Empty : s);
}
set
{
ViewState["SelectedMenuText"] = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 擷取和設定功能表項目從ViewState
/// </summary>
[Bindable(true)]
[DefaultValue(null)]
[Localizable(true)]
public MenuCompositeItem MenuItems
{
get
{
return ViewState["MenuItems"] as MenuCompositeItem;
}
set
{
ViewState["MenuItems"] = value;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 呈現菜單結構
/// </summary>
/// <param name="output">HTML輸出資料流</param>
protected override void RenderContents(HtmlTextWriter output)
{
MenuCompositeItem root = this.MenuItems;
output.Write(@"<div class=""navmenu"">");
output.Write(@" <ul>");
for (int i = 0; i < root.Children.Count; i++)
{
RecursiveRender(output, root.Children[i]);
}
output.Write(@" </ul>");
output.Write(@"</div>");
}
/// <summary>
/// 遞迴輸出功能表項目
/// </summary>
/// <param name="output">HTML輸出資料流</param>
/// <param name="item">功能表項目.</param>
/// <param name="depth">Indentation depth.</param>
private void RecursiveRender(HtmlTextWriter output, MenuCompositeItem item)
{
output.Write("<li>");
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(item.Target))//為空白不設定跳轉目標
{
output.Write(@"<a href=""" + item.Link + @""">");
}
else
{
output.Write(@"<a href=""" + item.Link + @""" target= """ + item.Target + @""">");
}
if (item.Text == SelectedMenuText) //選中的菜單
{
output.Write(@"<span class=""selected"">");
output.WriteLine(item.Text);
output.WriteLine("</span>");
}
else
{
output.Write(item.Text);
}
output.Write("</a>");
if (item.Children.Count > 0)
{
output.WriteLine();
output.Write("<ul>");
for (int i = 0; i < item.Children.Count; i++)
{
RecursiveRender(output, item.Children[i]);
}
output.Write("</ul>");
}
output.Write("</li>");
}
}
}
在頁面中使用
添加對控制項的引用後就可以直接在“工具箱”-》Controls組件中 看到MenuComposite組件
再就可以像其他asp.net 控制項一樣使用
使用: 複製代碼 代碼如下:MenuCompositeItem root = new MenuCompositeItem("root", null);
MenuCompositeItem menu01 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu01", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu02 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu02", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu03 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu03", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu04 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu04", ResolveUrl("~/Page04.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu05 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu05", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu01_01 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu01-01", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu01_02 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu01-02", ResolveUrl("~/Page01-02.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu01_03 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu01-03", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu01_04 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu01-04", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
menu01.Children.Add(menu01_01);
menu01.Children.Add(menu01_02);
menu01.Children.Add(menu01_03);
menu01.Children.Add(menu01_04);
MenuCompositeItem menu02_01 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu02-01", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu02_02 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu02-02", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"), "menu02-02");
menu02.Children.Add(menu02_01);
menu02.Children.Add(menu02_02);
MenuCompositeItem menu04_01 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu04-01", ResolveUrl("~/Default.aspx"));
MenuCompositeItem menu04_02 = new MenuCompositeItem("menu04-02", ResolveUrl("~/Page04-02.aspx"), "_blank");
menu04.Children.Add(menu04_01);
menu04.Children.Add(menu04_02);
root.Children.Add(menu01);
root.Children.Add(menu02);
root.Children.Add(menu03);
root.Children.Add(menu04);
root.Children.Add(menu05);
TheMenuComposite.MenuItems = root;
此時產生的編譯運行後會產生一個沒有樣式Ul list ,效果如下:
因此要產生可顯示和隱藏的功能表項目,關鍵在css的設定上,開始時將二級子功能表設定為隱藏visibility: hidden;
同時定義li的hover事件,li:hover時:自菜單的 visibility要改為visible; 大致原理是這樣,當然還有注意功能表項目的位置
一級菜單float:left;使其能水平顯示。
CSS定義如下: 複製代碼 代碼如下:.navmenu *
{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
.navmenu
{
border: #000 1px solid;
height: 25px;
}
.navmenu li
{
/*水平菜單*/
float: left;
list-style: none;
position: relative;
}
.navmenu a
{
display: block;
font-size: 12px;
height: 24px;
width: 100px;
line-height: 24px;
background-color: #CDEB8B;
color: #0000ff;
text-decoration: none;
text-align: center;
border-left: #36393D 1px inset;
border-right: #36393D 1px inset;
border-bottom: #36393D 1px inset;
}
/*單獨設定一級菜單樣式*/
.navmenu > ul > li > a
{
font-size: 11px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.navmenu a:hover
{
background: #369;
color: #fff;
}
/*新增的二級菜單部分*/
.navmenu ul ul
{
visibility: hidden; /*開始時是隱藏的*/
position: absolute;
left: 0px;
top: 24px;
}
.navmenu ul li:hover ul, .navmenu ul a:hover ul
{
visibility: visible;
}
.navmenu ul ul li
{
clear: both; /*垂直顯示*/
text-align: left;
}
/*選中功能表項目*/
.navmenu .selected
{
padding-left:15px;
background-position-x:0px;
background-image: url(./res/selected.gif);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
text-decoration:underline;
}
定義CSS後的效果如下:
到此菜單控制項已完成。已測試過可以在IE7,IE8,Chrome,Firefox中正常顯示,在IE6顯示可能會有問題,可以參考純CSS多級菜單 進行修改,
本文的CSS顯示部分參考了此文的介紹。
附上完整代碼,如需要可自行下載修改 下載檔案