Android基礎入門教程——7.6.3 基於TCP協議的Socket通訊(2)

Android基礎入門教程——7.6.3 基於TCP協議的Socket通訊(2)
  本節引言：

上節中我們給大家接觸了Socket的一些基本概念以及使用方法，然後寫了一個小豬簡易聊天室的
Demo，相信大家對Socket有了初步的掌握，本節我們來學習下使用Socket來實現大檔案的斷點續傳！
這裡講解的是別人寫好的一個Socket上傳大檔案的例子，不要求我們自己可以寫出來，需要的時候會用
就好！

1.運行：

1.先把我們編寫好的Socket服務端運行起來：

2.將一個音頻檔案放到SD卡根目錄下：

3.運行我們的用戶端：

4.上傳成功後可以看到我們的服務端的項目下產生一個file的檔案夾，我們可以在這裡找到上傳的檔案：
.log那個是我們的記錄檔

2.實現流程圖：

3.程式碼範例：

先編寫一個服務端和用戶端都會用到的流解析類：

StreamTool.java：

public class StreamTool {    public static void save(File file, byte[] data) throws Exception {        FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);        outStream.write(data);        outStream.close();    }    public static String readLine(PushbackInputStream in) throws IOException {        char buf[] = new char[128];        int room = buf.length;        int offset = 0;        int c;        loop:       while (true) {            switch (c = in.read()) {                case -1:                case '':                    break loop;                case '':                    int c2 = in.read();                    if ((c2 != '') && (c2 != -1)) in.unread(c2);                    break loop;                default:                    if (--room < 0) {                        char[] lineBuffer = buf;                        buf = new char[offset + 128];                        room = buf.length - offset - 1;                        System.arraycopy(lineBuffer, 0, buf, 0, offset);                    }                    buf[offset++] = (char) c;                    break;            }        }        if ((c == -1) && (offset == 0)) return null;        return String.copyValueOf(buf, 0, offset);    }    /**     * 讀取流     * @param inStream     * @return 位元組數組     * @throws Exception     */    public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{        ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];        int len = -1;        while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){            outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);        }        outSteam.close();        inStream.close();        return outSteam.toByteArray();    }}  

1）服務端的實現：

socket管理與多線程管理類：

FileServer.java：

public class FileServer {      private ExecutorService executorService;//線程池      private int port;//監聽連接埠      private boolean quit = false;//退出      private ServerSocket server;      private Map datas = new HashMap();//存放斷點資料      public FileServer(int port){          this.port = port;          //建立線程池，池中具有(cpu個數*50)條線程          executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 50);      }      /**      * 退出      */      public void quit(){         this.quit = true;         try {             server.close();         } catch (IOException e) {         }      }      /**      * 啟動服務      * @throws Exception      */      public void start() throws Exception{          server = new ServerSocket(port);          while(!quit){              try {                Socket socket = server.accept();                //為支援多使用者並發訪問，採用線程池管理每一個使用者的串連請求                executorService.execute(new SocketTask(socket));              } catch (Exception e) {                //  e.printStackTrace();              }          }      }      private final class SocketTask implements Runnable{         private Socket socket = null;         public SocketTask(Socket socket) {             this.socket = socket;         }         public void run() {             try {                 System.out.println(accepted connection + socket.getInetAddress()+ :+ socket.getPort());                 PushbackInputStream inStream = new PushbackInputStream(socket.getInputStream());                 //得到用戶端發來的第一行協議資料：Content-Length=143253434;filename=xxx.3gp;sourceid=                 //如果使用者初次上傳檔案，sourceid的值為空白。                 String head = StreamTool.readLine(inStream);                 System.out.println(head);                 if(head!=null){                     //下面從協議資料中提取各項參數值                     String[] items = head.split(;);                     String filelength = items[0].substring(items[0].indexOf(=)+1);                     String filename = items[1].substring(items[1].indexOf(=)+1);                     String sourceid = items[2].substring(items[2].indexOf(=)+1);                           long id = System.currentTimeMillis();//生產資源id，如果需要唯一性，可以採用UUID                     FileLog log = null;                     if(sourceid!=null && !.equals(sourceid)){                         id = Long.valueOf(sourceid);                         log = find(id);//尋找上傳的檔案是否存在上傳記錄                     }                     File file = null;                     int position = 0;                     if(log==null){//如果不存在上傳記錄,為檔案添加追蹤記錄                         String path = new SimpleDateFormat(yyyy/MM/dd/HH/mm).format(new Date());                         File dir = new File(file/+ path);                         if(!dir.exists()) dir.mkdirs();                         file = new File(dir, filename);                         if(file.exists()){//如果上傳的檔案發生重名，然後進行改名                             filename = filename.substring(0, filename.indexOf(.)-1)+ dir.listFiles().length+ filename.substring(filename.indexOf(.));                             file = new File(dir, filename);                         }                         save(id, file);                     }else{// 如果存在上傳記錄,讀取已經上傳的資料長度                         file = new File(log.getPath());//從上傳記錄中得到檔案的路徑                         if(file.exists()){                             File logFile = new File(file.getParentFile(), file.getName()+.log);                             if(logFile.exists()){                                 Properties properties = new Properties();                                 properties.load(new FileInputStream(logFile));                                 position = Integer.valueOf(properties.getProperty(length));//讀取已經上傳的資料長度                             }                         }                     }                     OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();                     String response = sourceid=+ id+ ;position=+ position+ ;                     //伺服器收到用戶端的請求資訊後，給用戶端返迴響應資訊：sourceid=1274773833264;position=0                     //sourceid由伺服器端產生，唯一標識上傳的檔案，position指示用戶端從檔案的什麼位置開始上傳                     outStream.write(response.getBytes());                     RandomAccessFile fileOutStream = new RandomAccessFile(file, rwd);                     if(position==0) fileOutStream.setLength(Integer.valueOf(filelength));//設定檔案長度                     fileOutStream.seek(position);//指定從檔案的特定位置開始寫入資料                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];                     int len = -1;                     int length = position;                     while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){//從輸入資料流中讀取資料寫入到檔案中                         fileOutStream.write(buffer, 0, len);                         length += len;                         Properties properties = new Properties();                         properties.put(length, String.valueOf(length));                         FileOutputStream logFile = new FileOutputStream(new File(file.getParentFile(), file.getName()+.log));                         properties.store(logFile, null);//即時記錄已經接收的檔案長度                         logFile.close();                     }                     if(length==fileOutStream.length()) delete(id);                     fileOutStream.close();                                       inStream.close();                     outStream.close();                     file = null;                 }             } catch (Exception e) {                 e.printStackTrace();             }finally{                 try {                     if(socket!=null && !socket.isClosed()) socket.close();                 } catch (IOException e) {}             }         }      }      public FileLog find(Long sourceid){          return datas.get(sourceid);      }      //儲存上傳記錄      public void save(Long id, File saveFile){          //日後可以改成通過資料庫存放          datas.put(id, new FileLog(id, saveFile.getAbsolutePath()));      }      //當檔案上傳完畢，刪除記錄      public void delete(long sourceid){          if(datas.containsKey(sourceid)) datas.remove(sourceid);      }      private class FileLog{         private Long id;         private String path;         public Long getId() {             return id;         }         public void setId(Long id) {             this.id = id;         }         public String getPath() {             return path;         }         public void setPath(String path) {             this.path = path;         }         public FileLog(Long id, String path) {             this.id = id;             this.path = path;         }         }  }  

服務端介面類:ServerWindow.java：

public class ServerWindow extends Frame {    private FileServer s = new FileServer(12345);    private Label label;    public ServerWindow(String title) {        super(title);        label = new Label();        add(label, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);        label.setText(伺服器已經啟動);        this.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() {            public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {                new Thread(new Runnable() {                    public void run() {                        try {                            s.start();                        } catch (Exception e) {                            // e.printStackTrace();                        }                    }                }).start();            }            public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {            }            public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {            }            public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {            }            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {                s.quit();                System.exit(0);            }            public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {            }            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {            }        });    }    /**     * @param args     */    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {        InetAddress address = InetAddress.getLocalHost();        ServerWindow window = new ServerWindow(檔案上傳服務端： + address.getHostAddress());        window.setSize(400, 300);        window.setVisible(true);    }}

2）用戶端(Android端)

首先是布局檔案：activity_main.xml：

因為斷點續傳，我們需要儲存上傳的進度，我們需要用到資料庫，這裡我們定義一個資料庫
管理類：DBOpenHelper.java：：

/** * Created by Jay on 2015/9/17 0017. */public class DBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {    public DBOpenHelper(Context context) {        super(context, jay.db, null, 1);    }    @Override    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {        db.execSQL(CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS uploadlog (_id integer primary key autoincrement, path varchar(20), sourceid varchar(20)));    }    @Override    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {    }}

然後是資料庫操作類：UploadHelper.java：

/** * Created by Jay on 2015/9/17 0017. */public class UploadHelper {    private DBOpenHelper dbOpenHelper;    public UploadHelper(Context context) {        dbOpenHelper = new DBOpenHelper(context);    }    public String getBindId(File file) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();        Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(select sourceid from uploadlog where path=?, new String[]{file.getAbsolutePath()});        if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {            return cursor.getString(0);        }        return null;    }    public void save(String sourceid, File file) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();        db.execSQL(insert into uploadlog(path,sourceid) values(?,?),                new Object[]{file.getAbsolutePath(), sourceid});    }    public void delete(File file) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();        db.execSQL(delete from uploadlog where path=?, new Object[]{file.getAbsolutePath()});    }}

對了，別忘了用戶端也要貼上那個流解析類哦，最後就是我們的MainActivity.java了：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private EditText edit_fname;    private Button btn_upload;    private Button btn_stop;    private ProgressBar pgbar;    private TextView txt_result;    private UploadHelper upHelper;    private boolean flag = true;    private Handler handler = new Handler() {        @Override        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {            pgbar.setProgress(msg.getData().getInt(length));            float num = (float) pgbar.getProgress() / (float) pgbar.getMax();            int result = (int) (num * 100);            txt_result.setText(result + %);            if (pgbar.getProgress() == pgbar.getMax()) {                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 上傳成功, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();            }        }    };    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        bindViews();        upHelper = new UploadHelper(this);    }    private void bindViews() {        edit_fname = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edit_fname);        btn_upload = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_upload);        btn_stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_stop);        pgbar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pgbar);        txt_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txt_result);        btn_upload.setOnClickListener(this);        btn_stop.setOnClickListener(this);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()) {            case R.id.btn_upload:                String filename = edit_fname.getText().toString();                flag = true;                if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {                    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), filename);                    if (file.exists()) {                        pgbar.setMax((int) file.length());                        uploadFile(file);                    } else {                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 檔案並不存在~, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                    }                } else {                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, SD卡不存在或者不可用, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                }                break;            case R.id.btn_stop:                flag = false;                break;        }    }    private void uploadFile(final File file) {        new Thread(new Runnable() {            public void run() {                try {                    String sourceid = upHelper.getBindId(file);                    Socket socket = new Socket(172.16.2.54, 12345);                    OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();                    String head = Content-Length= + file.length() + ;filename= + file.getName()                            + ;sourceid= + (sourceid != null ? sourceid : ) + ;                    outStream.write(head.getBytes());                    PushbackInputStream inStream = new PushbackInputStream(socket.getInputStream());                    String response = StreamTool.readLine(inStream);                    String[] items = response.split(;);                    String responseSourceid = items[0].substring(items[0].indexOf(=) + 1);                    String position = items[1].substring(items[1].indexOf(=) + 1);                    if (sourceid == null) {//如果是第一次上傳檔案，在資料庫中不存在該檔案所綁定的資源id                        upHelper.save(responseSourceid, file);                    }                    RandomAccessFile fileOutStream = new RandomAccessFile(file, r);                    fileOutStream.seek(Integer.valueOf(position));                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];                    int len = -1;                    int length = Integer.valueOf(position);                    while (flag && (len = fileOutStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {                        outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);                        length += len;//累加已經上傳的資料長度                        Message msg = new Message();                        msg.getData().putInt(length, length);                        handler.sendMessage(msg);                    }                    if (length == file.length()) upHelper.delete(file);                    fileOutStream.close();                    outStream.close();                    inStream.close();                    socket.close();                } catch (Exception e) {                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, 上傳異常~, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                }            }        }).start();    }}

對了，還有，記得往AndroidManifest.xml中寫入這些許可權哦！

4.代碼下載：

Socket上傳大檔案demo

5.本節小結：

本節給大家介紹了基於TCP協議的Socket的另一個執行個體：使用Socket完成大檔案的續傳，
相信大家對Socket的瞭解更進一步，嗯，下一節再寫一個例子吧，兩個處於同一Wifi
下的手機相互傳遞資料的執行個體吧！就說這麼多，謝謝~