bbed修改undo段狀態(ORA-01578)，bbedora-01578

bbed修改undo段狀態(ORA-01578)，bbedora-01578

ZBDBA@orcl11g>select * from zbdba;select * from zbdba              *ERROR at line 1:ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 3, block # 1449)ORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf'

這裡是事務正在執行，但是資料庫直接以abort方式關機，並且對應的復原段損壞

當然這裡其實不需要bbed，只需要用_offline_rollback_segments 隱含參數標記對應的復原段，然後使用drop rollback segment 該復原段即可
這裡使用bbed目的是在於研究undo復原段的狀態存於何處以及如何修改

這裡我們建立另外一個undo資料表空間，並且切換到該資料表空間

ZBDBA@orcl11g>create undo tablespace undotbs02 datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotb02.dbf' size 100m;Tablespace created.ZBDBA@orcl11g>alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs02;System altered.ZBDBA@orcl11g>show parameter undoNAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------undo_management                      string                 AUTOundo_retention                       integer                900undo_tablespace                      string                 UNDOTBS02

我們查看復原段的狀態，發現即使切換了，還有一個復原段處於online狀態，因為這個復原段上面還存在需要恢複的資料，但是這個復原段已經被損壞，無法進行恢複。那麼我們只能將其刪除。

ZBDBA@orcl11g>select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME      STATUS------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM                         SYSTEM               ONLINE_SYSSMU10_3550978943$          UNDOTBS1             ONLINE_SYSSMU9_1424341975$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU8_2012382730$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU7_3286610060$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU6_2443381498$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU5_1527469038$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU4_1152005954$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU3_2097677531$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU2_2232571081$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU1_3780397527$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU20_3705739785$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU19_3920348761$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU18_2539622763$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU17_178842559$           UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU16_3035903491$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU15_444141832$           UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU14_3021863913$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU13_3717211136$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU12_3182721254$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU11_3909920883$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE

通過以下可以看到不同的數字對應不同的狀態：
undo segment 的狀態：
1表示offline並且被刪除
2 表示offline 
3 表示online 
4 未知
5 表示need recovery

SYS@orcl11g>select name,status$ from undo$;NAME                                                            STATUS$------------------------------------------------------------ ----------SYSTEM                                                                3_SYSSMU1_3780397527$                                                  2_SYSSMU2_2232571081$                                                  2_SYSSMU3_2097677531$                                                  2_SYSSMU4_1152005954$                                                  2_SYSSMU5_1527469038$                                                  2_SYSSMU6_2443381498$                                                  2_SYSSMU7_3286610060$                                                  2_SYSSMU8_2012382730$                                                  2_SYSSMU9_1424341975$                                                  2_SYSSMU10_3550978943$                                                 3_SYSSMU11_3909920883$                                                 3_SYSSMU12_3182721254$                                                 3_SYSSMU13_3717211136$                                                 3_SYSSMU14_3021863913$                                                 3_SYSSMU15_444141832$                                                  3_SYSSMU16_3035903491$                                                 3_SYSSMU17_178842559$                                                  3_SYSSMU18_2539622763$                                                 3_SYSSMU19_3920348761$                                                 3_SYSSMU20_3705739785$                                                 3

強制將該復原段offline，發現還是無法刪除：

SYS@orcl11g>alter rollback segment "_SYSSMU10_3550978943$" offline;Rollback segment altered.SYS@orcl11g>drop tablespace UNDOTBS1;drop tablespace UNDOTBS1*ERROR at line 1:ORA-30013: undo tablespace 'UNDOTBS1' is currently in use

此時，我們關閉資料庫使用bbed更改該復原段的狀態：
在資料庫啟動的時候，我們可以是oradebug  10046事件追蹤，通過trace檔案分析:

PARSING IN CURSOR #2 len=142 dep=1 uid=0 oct=3 lid=0 tim=1414654507002840 hv=361892850 ad='78938c58' sqlid='7bd391hat42zk'select /*+ rule */ name,file#,block#,status$,user#,undosqn,xactsqn,scnbas,scnwrp,DECODE(inst#,0,NULL,inst#),ts#,spare1 from undo$ where us#=:1END OF STMTPARSE #2:c=0,e=17,p=0,cr=0,cu=0,mis=0,r=0,dep=1,og=3,plh=906473769,tim=1414654507002839BINDS #2:Bind#0  oacdty=02 mxl=22(22) mxlc=00 mal=00 scl=00 pre=00  oacflg=08 fl2=0001 frm=00 csi=00 siz=24 off=0  kxsbbbfp=7fcf70adc448  bln=22  avl=02  flg=05  value=7

undo段的狀態是從undo$基表中擷取的，那麼我們看看這裡的基表對應的物理塊號

SYS@orcl11g>select rowid,dbms_rowid.rowid_object(rowid) robject,  2  dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) fno,  3  dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) bno,  4  dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid) rno from undo$ where rownum=1;ROWID                 ROBJECT        FNO        BNO        RNO------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------AAAAAPAABAAAADhAAA         15          1        225          0

然後我們使用bbed查看該資料區塊：

BBED> mapFile: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf (1)Block: 225                                   Dba:0x004000e1------------------------------------------------------------KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0      struct ktbbh, 48 bytes                     @20     struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @68     struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @82     sb2 kdbr[21]                               @86     ub1 freespace[3752]                        @128    ub1 rowdata[4308]                          @3880   ub4 tailchk                                @8188   

這裡可以看出與視圖對應的21個復原段：

BBED> p kdbrsb2 kdbr[0]                                 @86       8078sb2 kdbr[1]                                 @88       4071sb2 kdbr[2]                                 @90       5156sb2 kdbr[3]                                 @92       5088sb2 kdbr[4]                                 @94       4206sb2 kdbr[5]                                 @96       4952sb2 kdbr[6]                                 @98       4341sb2 kdbr[7]                                 @100      4816sb2 kdbr[8]                                 @102      4748sb2 kdbr[9]                                 @104      4680sb2 kdbr[10]                                @106      4611sb2 kdbr[11]                                @108      4008sb2 kdbr[12]                                @110      5880sb2 kdbr[13]                                @112      5817sb2 kdbr[14]                                @114      5751sb2 kdbr[15]                                @116      3943sb2 kdbr[16]                                @118      5622sb2 kdbr[17]                                @120      3878sb2 kdbr[18]                                @122      5490sb2 kdbr[19]                                @124      3812sb2 kdbr[20]                                @126      5360BBED> p *kdbr[10]rowdata[799]------------ub1 rowdata[799]                            @4679     0x2cBBED> x /1rnnnnnnnnrowdata[799]                                @4679   ------------flag@4679: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)lock@4680: 0x00cols@4681:   17col    0[2] @4682: 10col   1[21] @4685: -0col    2[2] @4707: 1col    3[2] @4710: 3col    4[3] @4713: 272col    5[5] @4717: 5168854col    6[1] @4723: 0col    7[3] @4725: 866col    8[3] @4729: 350col    9[1] @4733: 0col   10[2] @4735: 3col   11[2] @4738: 2col   12[0] @4741: *NULL*col   13[0] @4742: *NULL*col   14[0] @4743: *NULL*col   15[0] @4744: *NULL*col   16[2] @4745: 2

在這裡我們將復原段的狀態修改為2，表示offline

BBED> modify /x 02 offset 4737Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) yFile: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf (1)Block: 225              Offsets: 4737 to 5248           Dba:0x004000e1------------------------------------------------------------------------0202c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 011102c1 0a145f53 5953534d 55395f31 3432343334313937 352402c1 0202c104 03c20339 05c40614 12210180 03c20b5e 03c2045e018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 09145f53 5953534d 55385f3230313233 38323733 302402c1 0202c104 03c20329 05c40614 11380180 03c20b4003c20334 018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 08145f53 5953534d55375f33 32383636 31303036 302402c1 0202c104 03c20319 05c40614 1135018003c20953 03c20418 018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 07145f535953534d 55365f32 34343333 38313439 382402c1 0202c104 03c20309 05c40220295a0180 03c20944 03c20261 018002c1 0402c103 ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c106145f53 5953534d 55355f31 35323734 36393033 382402c1 0202c104 03c2025d05c40614 11340180 03c20d4c 03c20512 018002c1 0302c103 ffffffff 02c1032c001102c1 05145f53 5953534d 55345f31 31353230 30353935 342402c1 0202c10403c2024d 05c4023e 14400180 03c2084c 03c20461 018002c1 0402c103 ffffffff02c1032c 001102c1 04145f53 5953534d 55335f32 30393736 37373533 312402c10202c104 03c2023d 05c40614 11360180 03c20b5d 03c2053a 018002c1 0302c103ffffffff 02c1032c 001102c1 03145f53 5953534d 55325f32 32333235 37313038<32 bytes per line>BBED> p *kdbr[10]rowdata[799]------------ub1 rowdata[799]                            @4679     0x2cBBED> x /1rnnnnnnnnrowdata[799]                                @4679   ------------flag@4679: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)lock@4680: 0x00cols@4681:   17col    0[2] @4682: 10col   1[21] @4685: -0col    2[2] @4707: 1col    3[2] @4710: 3col    4[3] @4713: 272col    5[5] @4717: 5168854col    6[1] @4723: 0col    7[3] @4725: 866col    8[3] @4729: 350col    9[1] @4733: 0col   10[2] @4735: 1col   11[2] @4738: 2col   12[0] @4741: *NULL*col   13[0] @4742: *NULL*col   14[0] @4743: *NULL*col   15[0] @4744: *NULL*col   16[2] @4745: 2BBED> sum apply;Check value for File 1, Block 225:current = 0x93df, required = 0x93dfBBED> verifyDBVERIFY - Verification startingFILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbfBLOCK = 225DBVERIFY - Verification completeTotal Blocks Examined         : 1Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 1Total Blocks Failing   (Data) : 0Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0Total Blocks Failing   (Index): 0Total Blocks Empty            : 0Total Blocks Marked Corrupt   : 0Total Blocks Influx           : 0Message 531 not found;  product=RDBMS; facility=BBED

重新整理緩衝，重新查看視圖：

SYS@orcl11g>alter system flush buffer_cache;System altered.SYS@orcl11g>select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME      STATUS------------------------------ -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM                         SYSTEM               ONLINE_SYSSMU10_3550978943$          UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU9_1424341975$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU8_2012382730$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU7_3286610060$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU6_2443381498$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU5_1527469038$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU4_1152005954$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU3_2097677531$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU2_2232571081$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU1_3780397527$           UNDOTBS1             OFFLINE_SYSSMU20_3705739785$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU19_3920348761$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU18_2539622763$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU17_178842559$           UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU16_3035903491$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU15_444141832$           UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU14_3021863913$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU13_3717211136$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU12_3182721254$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINE_SYSSMU11_3909920883$          UNDOTBS02            ONLINESYS@orcl11g>select name,status$ from undo$;NAME                                                            STATUS$------------------------------------------------------------ ----------SYSTEM                                                                3_SYSSMU1_3780397527$                                                  2_SYSSMU2_2232571081$                                                  2_SYSSMU3_2097677531$                                                  2_SYSSMU4_1152005954$                                                  2_SYSSMU5_1527469038$                                                  2_SYSSMU6_2443381498$                                                  2_SYSSMU7_3286610060$                                                  2_SYSSMU8_2012382730$                                                  2_SYSSMU9_1424341975$                                                  2_SYSSMU10_3550978943$                                                 1_SYSSMU11_3909920883$                                                 3_SYSSMU12_3182721254$                                                 3_SYSSMU13_3717211136$                                                 3_SYSSMU14_3021863913$                                                 3_SYSSMU15_444141832$                                                  3_SYSSMU16_3035903491$                                                 3_SYSSMU17_178842559$                                                  3_SYSSMU18_2539622763$                                                 3_SYSSMU19_3920348761$                                                 3_SYSSMU20_3705739785$                                                 3SYS@orcl11g>select name,status$ from undo$;NAME                                                            STATUS$------------------------------------------------------------ ----------SYSTEM                                                                3_SYSSMU1_3780397527$                                                  1_SYSSMU2_2232571081$                                                  1_SYSSMU3_2097677531$                                                  1_SYSSMU4_1152005954$                                                  1_SYSSMU5_1527469038$                                                  1_SYSSMU6_2443381498$                                                  1_SYSSMU7_3286610060$                                                  1_SYSSMU8_2012382730$                                                  1_SYSSMU9_1424341975$                                                  1_SYSSMU10_3550978943$                                                 1_SYSSMU11_3909920883$                                                 3_SYSSMU12_3182721254$                                                 3_SYSSMU13_3717211136$                                                 3_SYSSMU14_3021863913$                                                 3_SYSSMU15_444141832$                                                  3_SYSSMU16_3035903491$                                                 3_SYSSMU17_178842559$                                                  3_SYSSMU18_2539622763$                                                 3_SYSSMU19_3920348761$                                                 3_SYSSMU20_3705739785$                                                 321 rows selected.

重新啟動資料庫，發現offline的復原段不存在：

SYS@orcl11g>col segment_name for a30;SYS@orcl11g>col tablespace_name for a30;SYS@orcl11g>select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;SEGMENT_NAME                   TABLESPACE_NAME                STATUS------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------SYSTEM                         SYSTEM                         ONLINE_SYSSMU20_3705739785$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU19_3920348761$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU18_2539622763$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU17_178842559$           UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU16_3035903491$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU15_444141832$           UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU14_3021863913$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU13_3717211136$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU12_3182721254$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE_SYSSMU11_3909920883$          UNDOTBS02                      ONLINE這時候我們來查看該表：SYS@orcl11g>conn zbdba/oracle;Connected.ZBDBA@orcl11g>select * from zbdba;NAME------------------------------------------------------------zbbda