ｃ＃（８）－－結構體

標籤：

結構體：相當於是我們自己定義的一種複雜的類型。

常見簡單類型：int...  double float bool char string 

常見複雜類型：DateTime  數群組類型

生活中大部份的對象都是複合型的對象。

如何定義結構體類型？

一般來說結構體的定義要放在class的外面或class的裡面，盡量不放在Main的裡面。 
struct 自訂類型名 
{ 
    public 變數類型  變數名; 
    ......; 
    ......; 
    ......;

} 
例如： 
    struct YuanGong  //自訂的資料類型。用來描述員工的資訊。 
    { 
        public string NO; 
        public string Name; 
        public int Age; 
        public string Nation; 
        public bool Sex; 
    }

如何用自訂的類型來定義變數？

自訂類型名 變數 = new 自訂類型名();

如何使用自訂類型的變數？ 
變數.子變數 = "xxxx"; 
Console.WriteLine(變數名.子變數); 
例如： 
            //定義自訂類型的變數 
            YuanGong zhangsan = new YuanGong(); 
            //給變數賦值 
            zhangsan.NO = "Y001"; 
            zhangsan.Name = "張三"; 
            zhangsan.Age = 22; 
            zhangsan.Sex = true; 
            zhangsan.Nation = "漢族"; 
            //對變數取值 
            Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.NO+"\t"+zhangsan.Name+"\t"+zhangsan.Age); 
            Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.Nation+"\t"+(zhangsan.Sex?"男":"女"));

例題1.描述員工資訊

struct YuanGong  //自訂的資料類型。用來描述員工的資訊。    {        public string NO;        public string Name;        public int Age;        public string Nation;        public bool Sex;        public LianXiFangShi LianXi;    }    struct LianXiFangShi    {        public string QQ;        public string WeiXin;        public string Email;        public string Telephone;        public string Address;        public string ZipCode;    }    class Program    {        static void Main(string[] args)        {            YuanGong zhangsan = new YuanGong();            zhangsan.NO = "Y001";            zhangsan.Name = "張三";            zhangsan.Age = 22;            zhangsan.Sex = true;            zhangsan.Nation = "漢族";            zhangsan.LianXi.QQ = "434354546";            //zhangsan.LianXi.WeiXin = "張三三";            //zhangsan.LianXi.Email = "[email protected]";            zhangsan.LianXi.Address = "張店區張家胡同";            zhangsan.LianXi.ZipCode = "25000";            zhangsan.LianXi.Telephone = "";            YuanGong lisi = new YuanGong();            lisi.NO = "Y002";            lisi.Name = "李四";            lisi.Age = 25;            lisi.Sex =false;            lisi.Nation = "回族";            Console.WriteLine("**********張三的個人資訊***********");            Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.NO+"\t"+zhangsan.Name+"\t"+zhangsan.Age);            Console.WriteLine(zhangsan.Nation+"\t"+(zhangsan.Sex?"男":"女"));            Console.WriteLine("連絡方式：");            Console.WriteLine(                "QQ："+(zhangsan.LianXi.QQ==null?"無":zhangsan.LianXi.QQ)+"\t"//若沒輸入qq，列印“無”                +"："+(zhangsan.LianXi.WeiXin == null?"無":zhangsan.LianXi.WeiXin)+"\t"                +"手機："+(zhangsan.LianXi.Telephone==null?"無":zhangsan.LianXi.Telephone)+"\t"                +"郵箱："+(zhangsan.LianXi.Email==null?"無":zhangsan.LianXi.Email)+"\t"                +"地址："+zhangsan.LianXi.Address+"\t"+zhangsan.LianXi.ZipCode);        }

例題、兩人對戰遊戲

struct Ren        {            public string Name;            public int Blood;            public int Attack;            public int Defend;            public int Quick;                    }        struct WuGong        {            public string Name;            public int Attack;        }        static void Main(string[] args)        {            WuGong[] wg = new WuGong[3];            wg[0].Name = "辟邪劍法";            wg[0].Attack = 500;            wg[1].Name = "降龍十八掌";            wg[1].Attack = 600;            wg[2].Name = "暗然消魂掌";            wg[2].Attack = 400;                Ren r1 = new Ren();            Ren r2 = new Ren();            //初化兩個戰鬥人員的屬性。            Console.Write("請輸入第一個戰士姓名：");            r1.Name = Console.ReadLine();            Console.Write("請輸入第二個戰士姓名：");            r2.Name = Console.ReadLine();            //產生血量            Random rand = new Random();            r1.Blood = rand.Next(1000) + 1000;            r2.Blood = rand.Next(1000) + 1000;            //產生攻防            r1.Attack = rand.Next(50) + 50;            r2.Attack = rand.Next(50) + 50;            r1.Defend = rand.Next(50) + 50;            r2.Defend = rand.Next(50) + 50;            //產生身法            r1.Quick = rand.Next(100);            r2.Quick = rand.Next(100);            Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + r1.Name + "\t生命力：" + r1.Blood+"\t攻擊力："+r1.Attack+"\t防禦力："+r1.Defend+"\t敏捷度："+r1.Quick);            Console.WriteLine("VS");            Console.WriteLine("姓名：" + r2.Name + "\t生命力：" + r2.Blood + "\t攻擊力：" + r2.Attack + "\t防禦力：" + r2.Defend + "\t敏捷度：" + r2.Quick);            Console.WriteLine("按任意鍵開始...");            Console.ReadKey();            while(true)            {                //跳出迴圈。                if(r1.Blood <=0 && r2.Blood<=0)                {                    Console.WriteLine(r1.Name+"與"+r2.Name+"同歸於盡了！");                    break;                }                if(r1.Blood<=0)                {                    Console.WriteLine(r2.Name+"把"+r1.Name+"KO了~！");                    break;                }                if (r2.Blood <= 0)                {                    Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "把" + r2.Name + "KO了~！");                    break;                }                //對戰                                //大招                int dz1 = rand.Next(10); //r2的大招                if (dz1 >= 8) //大招                {                    WuGong w1 = wg[rand.Next(3)];                    int b1 = rand.Next(100); //r1失掉的血                    int gj1 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //為了浮動r1的攻擊                    int fy1 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//為了浮動r2的防禦                    b1 = (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1+w1.Attack) - (r1.Defend + fy1)) < 0 ? 0 : (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1+w1.Attack) - (r1.Defend + fy1));                    r1.Blood -= b1;                    if (r1.Blood < 0)                    {                        r1.Blood = 0;                    }                    //稍待一下。                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);                    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;                    Console.WriteLine(r2.Name + "使用大招"+w1.Name+"發起攻擊，" + r1.Name + "失掉生命力" + b1 + "點！");                    Console.ResetColor();                    Console.WriteLine();                                   }                else //平常招式                {                    int sf1 = rand.Next(80);                    if (r1.Quick - sf1 >= 0)                    {                        Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "躲過了" + r2.Name + "攻擊");                    }                    else                    {                        int b1 = rand.Next(100); //r1失掉的血                        int gj1 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //為了浮動r1的攻擊                        int fy1 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//為了浮動r2的防禦                        b1 = (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1) - (r1.Defend + fy1)) < 0 ? 0 : (b1 + (r2.Attack + gj1) - (r1.Defend + fy1));                        r1.Blood -= b1;                        if (r1.Blood < 0)                        {                            r1.Blood = 0;                        }                        //稍待一下。                        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);                        Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;                        Console.WriteLine(r2.Name + "發起攻擊，" + r1.Name + "失掉生命力" + b1 + "點！");                        Console.ResetColor();                        Console.WriteLine();                    }                }                //稍待一下。                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);                int dz2 = rand.Next(10); //r2的大招                if (dz2 >= 8) //大招                {                    WuGong w1 = wg[rand.Next(3)];                    int b2 = rand.Next(100); //r1失掉的血                    int gj1 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //為了浮動r1的攻擊                    int fy1 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//為了浮動r2的防禦                    b2 = (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj1 + w1.Attack) - (r2.Defend + fy1)) < 0 ? 0 : (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj1 + w1.Attack) - (r2.Defend + fy1));                    r2.Blood -= b2;                    if (r2.Blood < 0)                    {                        r2.Blood = 0;                    }                    //稍待一下。                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);                    Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;                    Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "使用大招" + w1.Name + "發起攻擊，" + r2.Name + "失掉生命力" + b2 + "點！");                    Console.ResetColor();                    Console.WriteLine();                }                else                {                    int sf2 = rand.Next(80);                    if (r2.Quick - sf2 >= 0)                    {                        Console.WriteLine(r2.Name + "躲過了" + r1.Name + "攻擊");                    }                    else                    {                        int b2 = rand.Next(100);//r2失掉的血                        int gj2 = rand.Next(100) - 50; //為了浮動r1的攻擊                        int fy2 = rand.Next(100) - 50;//為了浮動r2的防禦                        b2 = (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj2) - (r2.Defend + fy2)) < 0 ? 0 : (b2 + (r1.Attack + gj2) - (r2.Defend + fy2));                        r2.Blood -= b2;                        if (r2.Blood < 0)                        {                            r2.Blood = 0;                        }                        Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Blue;                        Console.WriteLine(r1.Name + "發起攻擊，" + r2.Name + "失掉生命力" + b2 + "點！");                        Console.ResetColor();                        Console.WriteLine();                    }                }                Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;                Console.Write("姓名：" + r1.Name + "生命力：" + r1.Blood + "\t");                Console.Write("姓名：" + r2.Name + "生命力：" + r2.Blood);                Console.ResetColor();                Console.WriteLine();                Console.WriteLine();            }        }

ｃ＃（８）－－結構體