網頁自動登入(提交Post內容)的用途很多,如驗證身份、程式升級、網路投票等,以下是用C#實現的方法。
網頁自動登入和提交POST資訊的核心就是分析網頁的原始碼(HTML),在C#中,可以用來提取網頁HTML的組件比較多,常用的用WebBrowser、WebClient、HttpWebRequest這三個。以下就分別用這三種方法來實現:
1、WebBrowser是個"迷你"瀏覽器,其特點是Post時不用關心Cookie、內建JS等問題
WebBrowser是VS2005新提供的組件(其實就是封裝了IE介面),實現POST功能一般在webBrowser的DocumentCompleted中分析HtmlDocument 來實現,代碼如下:
HtmlElement ClickBtn =null; if (e.Url.ToString().ToLower().IndexOf("xxx.htm") > 0) //登陸頁面 { HtmlDocument doc = webBrowser1.Document; for (int i = 0; i < doc.All.Count ; i++) { if (doc.All[i].TagName.ToUpper().Equals("INPUT")) { switch (doc.All[i].Name) { case "userCtl": doc.All[i].InnerText = "user01"; break; case "passCt1": doc.All[i].InnerText = "mypass"; break; case "B1": ClickBtn = doc.All[i]; //提交按鈕 break; } } } ClickBtn.InvokeMember("Click"); //執行按扭操作 } |
2、WebClient封裝了HTTP的一些類,操作簡單,相較於webBrowser,特點是可以自設代理,缺點是對COOKIE的控制
WebClient的運行全在後台,並且提供了非同步作業的能力,這樣很方便並發多個任務,然後等待結果的返回,再逐個處理。多任務非同步呼叫的代碼如下:
private void StartLoop(int ProxyNum) { WebClient [] wcArray = new WebClient[ProxyNum]; //初始化 for (int idArray = 0; idArray< ProxyNum;idArray++) { wcArray[idArray] = new WebClient(); wcArray[idArray].OpenReadCompleted += new OpenReadCompletedEventHandler(Pic_OpenReadCompleted2); wcArray[idArray].UploadDataCompleted += new UploadDataCompletedEventHandler(Pic_UploadDataCompleted2); try { ...... wcArray[idArray].Proxy = new WebProxy(proxy[1], port); wcArray[idArray].OpenReadAsync(new Uri("http://xxxx.com.cn/tp.aspId=129")); //開啟WEB; proxy = null; } catch { } } } private void Pic_OpenReadCompleted2(object sender, OpenReadCompletedEventArgs e) { if (e.Error == null) { string textData = new StreamReader(e.Result, Encoding.Default).ReadToEnd(); //取返回資訊 ..... String cookie = ((WebClient)sender).ResponseHeaders["Set-Cookie"]; ((WebClient)sender).Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); ((WebClient)sender).Headers.Add("Accept-Language", "zh-cn"); ((WebClient)sender).Headers.Add("Cookie", cookie); string postData = "......" byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData); // 轉化成位元組 ((WebClient)sender).UploadDataAsync(new Uri("http://xxxxxxy.com.cn/tp.aspId=129"), "POST", byteArray); } } private void Pic_UploadDataCompleted2(object sender, UploadDataCompletedEventArgs e) { if (e.Error == null) { string returnMessage = Encoding.Default.GetString(e.Result); ...... } }
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3、HttpWebRequest較為低層,能實現的功能較多,Cookie操作也很簡單
private bool PostWebRequest() { CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer(); string pos tData = "user=" + strUser + "&pass=" + strPsd; byte[] byteArray = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postData); // 轉化 HttpWebRequest webRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(new Uri("http://www.xxxx.com/chk.asp")); webRequest2.CookieContainer = cc; webRequest2.Method = "POST"; webRequest2.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; webRequest2.ContentLength = byteArray.Length; Stream newStream = webRequest2.GetRequestStream(); //Sendthedata. newStream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); //寫入參數 newStream.Close(); HttpWebResponse response2 = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest2.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr2=new StreamReader(response2.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.Default); string text2 = sr2.ReadToEnd(); ...... } |
HttpWebRequest同樣提供了非同步作業,有興趣的朋友自己查MSDN