(本系列文章由檸檬的(lc_mtt)原創,轉載請註明出處,謝謝~)
這裡解釋上一節中擷取名稱的方法
GetDisplayNameOf 定義:
void GetDisplayNameOf(
IntPtr pidl,
SHGNO uFlags,
IntPtr lpName);
該方法是用來轉換PIDL成為可顯示的名稱字串。PIDL必須是相對於對象的父目錄的。換句話說,它必須包含一個非空的SHITEMID 結構。因為有多種命名物件的方式,資源管理員通過在uFlags參數中定義SHGNO標識的組合來表示名稱類型。SHGDN_NORMAL或SHGDN_INFOLDER將被用來指定名稱是相對於檔案夾的還是相對於案頭的。其他三個值SHGDN_FOREDITING、SHGDN_FORADDRESSBAR和SHGDN_FORPARSING可以用來指定名稱的用途。 名稱必須按STRRET的結構形式返回,如果SHGDN_FOREDITING、SHGDN_FORADDRESSBAR和 SHGDN_FORPARSING沒有設定,就返回外殼對象的顯示名稱。
具體實現方法:
/**//// <summary>
/// 擷取顯示名稱
/// </summary>
public static string GetNameByIShell(IShellFolder Root, IntPtr pidlSub)
{
IntPtr strr = Marshal.AllocCoTaskMem(MAX_PATH * 2 + 4);
Marshal.WriteInt32(strr, 0, 0);
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(MAX_PATH);
Root.GetDisplayNameOf(pidlSub, SHGNO.INFOLDER, strr);
API.StrRetToBuf(strr, pidlSub, buf, MAX_PATH);
Marshal.FreeCoTaskMem(strr);
return buf.ToString();
}
SHGNO
public enum SHGNO
{
NORMAL = 0x0,
INFOLDER = 0x1,
FOREDITING = 0x1000,
FORADDRESSBAR = 0x4000,
FORPARSING = 0x8000,
}
事實上,只要修改 SHGNO ,就可以擷取其絕對路徑:
/**//// <summary>
/// 根據路徑擷取 IShellFolder 和 PIDL
/// </summary>
public static IShellFolder GetShellFolder(IShellFolder desktop, string path, out IntPtr Pidl)
{
IShellFolder IFolder;
uint i, j = 0;
desktop.ParseDisplayName(IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, path, out i, out Pidl, ref j);
desktop.BindToObject(Pidl, IntPtr.Zero, ref Guids.IID_IShellFolder, out IFolder);
return IFolder;
}
但我們還關心類似“案頭”、“我的文件”這種既是普通檔案夾又是特殊對象的絕對路徑如何獲得,這裡就要用到 SHGetSpecialFolderPath API 了。
[DllImport("Shell32.Dll")]
private static extern bool SHGetSpecialFolderPath(
IntPtr hwndOwner,
StringBuilder lpszPath,
ShellSpecialFolders nFolder,
bool fCreate);
ShellSpecialFolders
public enum ShellSpecialFolders
{
DESKTOP = 0x0000, // <desktop>
INTERNET = 0x0001,
PROGRAMS = 0x0002, // Start Menu\Programs
CONTROLS = 0x0003, // My Computer\Control Panel
PRINTERS = 0x0004, // My Computer\Printers
PERSONAL = 0x0005, // My Documents
FAVORITES = 0x0006, // <user name>\Favorites
STARTUP = 0x0007, // Start Menu\Programs\Startup
RECENT = 0x0008, // <user name>\Recent
SENDTO = 0x0009, // <user name>\SendTo
BITBUCKET = 0x000a, // <desktop>\Recycle Bin
STARTMENU = 0x000b, // <user name>\Start Menu
MYDOCUMENTS = 0x000c, // logical "My Documents" desktop icon
MYMUSIC = 0x000d, // "My Music" folder
MYVIDEO = 0x000e, // "My Videos" folder
DESKTOPDIRECTORY = 0x0010, // <user name>\Desktop
DRIVES = 0x0011, // My Computer
NETWORK = 0x0012, // Network Neighborhood (My Network Places)
NETHOOD = 0x0013, // <user name>\nethood
FONTS = 0x0014, // windows\fonts
TEMPLATES = 0x0015,
COMMON_STARTMENU = 0x0016, // All Users\Start Menu
COMMON_PROGRAMS = 0X0017, // All Users\Start Menu\Programs
COMMON_STARTUP = 0x0018, // All Users\Startup
COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY = 0x0019, // All Users\Desktop
APPDATA = 0x001a, // <user name>\Application Data
PRINTHOOD = 0x001b, // <user name>\PrintHood
LOCAL_APPDATA = 0x001c, // <user name>\Local Settings\Applicaiton Data (non roaming)
ALTSTARTUP = 0x001d, // non localized startup
COMMON_ALTSTARTUP = 0x001e, // non localized common startup
COMMON_FAVORITES = 0x001f,
INTERNET_CACHE = 0x0020,
COOKIES = 0x0021,
HISTORY = 0x0022,
COMMON_APPDATA = 0x0023, // All Users\Application Data
WINDOWS = 0x0024, // GetWindowsDirectory()
SYSTEM = 0x0025, // GetSystemDirectory()
PROGRAM_FILES = 0x0026, // C:\Program Files
MYPICTURES = 0x0027, // C:\Program Files\My Pictures
PROFILE = 0x0028, // USERPROFILE
SYSTEMX86 = 0x0029, // x86 system directory on RISC
PROGRAM_FILESX86 = 0x002a, // x86 C:\Program Files on RISC
PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON = 0x002b, // C:\Program Files\Common
PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86 = 0x002c, // x86 Program Files\Common on RISC
COMMON_TEMPLATES = 0x002d, // All Users\Templates
COMMON_DOCUMENTS = 0x002e, // All Users\Documents
COMMON_ADMINTOOLS = 0x002f, // All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools
ADMINTOOLS = 0x0030, // <user name>\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools
CONNECTIONS = 0x0031, // Network and Dial-up Connections
COMMON_MUSIC = 0x0035, // All Users\My Music
COMMON_PICTURES = 0x0036, // All Users\My Pictures
COMMON_VIDEO = 0x0037, // All Users\My Video
RESOURCES = 0x0038, // Resource Direcotry
RESOURCES_LOCALIZED = 0x0039, // Localized Resource Direcotry
COMMON_OLINKS = 0x003a, // Links to All Users OEM specific apps
CDBURN_AREA = 0x003b, // USERPROFILE\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\CD Burning
COMPUTERSNEARME = 0x003d, // Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership)
FLAG_CREATE = 0x8000, // combine with value to force folder creation in SHGetFolderPath()
FLAG_DONT_VERIFY = 0x4000, // combine with value to return an unverified folder path
FLAG_NO_ALIAS = 0x1000, // combine with value to insure non-alias versions of the pidl
FLAG_PER_USER_INIT = 0x0800, // combine with value to indicate per-user init (eg. upgrade)
FLAG_MASK = 0xFF00, // mask for all possible flag values
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 擷取特殊檔案夾的路徑
/// </summary>
public static string GetSpecialFolderPath(IntPtr hwnd, ShellSpecialFolders nFolder)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(MAX_PATH);
SHGetSpecialFolderPath(hwnd, sb, nFolder, false);
return sb.ToString();
}
操作功能表
對象的操作功能表相關的介面是IContextMenu,通過對象的父資料夾的IShellFolder.GetUIObjectOf方法可得到該介面。得到該介面後,可以用IContextMenu.QueryContextMenu方法來產生操作功能表的功能表項目,用IContextMenu.InvokeCommand調用相應的命令。
好,讓我們一步一步來實現 IShellFolder 對象的操作功能表彈出。
首先假設我們已經獲得某個 IShellFolder 對象的 PIDL 和其上級 IShellFolder 對象:
IntPtr PIDL;
IShellFolder IParent;
然後我們定義一個存放 PIDL 的數組:
IntPtr[] pidls = new IntPtr[1];
pidls[0] = PIDL;
沒錯,我們的確要用到 PIDL 數組。可以理解,你在資源管理員中選擇了多個檔案/檔案夾,再點擊右鍵,彈出的操作功能表將有所不同。你可以根據需要,把同一級的多個 PIDL 放到數組裡面,實現這個效果。由於我們在例2的樹中快顯功能表,所以只存放一個節點的 PIDL。
IContextMenu 是一個介面,我們這樣定義:
IContextMenu.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace WinShell
{
[ComImport(), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown), GuidAttribute("000214e4-0000-0000-c000-000000000046")]
public interface IContextMenu
{
[PreserveSig()]
Int32 QueryContextMenu(
IntPtr hmenu,
uint iMenu,
uint idCmdFirst,
uint idCmdLast,
CMF uFlags);
[PreserveSig()]
Int32 InvokeCommand(
ref CMINVOKECOMMANDINFOEX info);
[PreserveSig()]
void GetCommandString(
int idcmd,
GetCommandStringInformations uflags,
int reserved,
StringBuilder commandstring,
int cch);
}
}
然後,通過 IParent 的 GetUIObjectOf 方法我們可以得到該節點的一個或多個指定子節點的 IContextMenu 介面:
GetUIObjectOf
IntPtr GetUIObjectOf(
IntPtr hwndOwner,
uint cidl,
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IntPtr[] apidl,
[In()] ref Guid riid,
out IntPtr rgfReserved);
//得到 IContextMenu 介面
IntPtr iContextMenuPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
iContextMenuPtr = IParent.GetUIObjectOf(IntPtr.Zero, (uint)pidls.Length,
pidls, ref Guids.IID_IContextMenu, out iContextMenuPtr);
IContextMenu iContextMenu = (IContextMenu)Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(iContextMenuPtr);
得到 IContextMenu 後我們需要提供一個彈出式菜單的控制代碼,並把他傳給 IContextMenu.QueryContextMenu,如果該方法執行成功的話,會在我們的菜單裡加入相應的功能表項目。
//提供一個彈出式菜單的控制代碼
IntPtr contextMenu = API.CreatePopupMenu();
iContextMenu.QueryContextMenu(contextMenu, 0,
API.CMD_FIRST, API.CMD_LAST, CMF.NORMAL | CMF.EXPLORE);
有了功能表項目,我們就可以彈出該菜單了,我們用 TPM_RETURNCMD 標誌指定 TrackPopupMenu 必須返回使用者所選功能表項目的 ID,以便稍後通過IContextMenu.InvokeCommand 來執行功能表命令:
//快顯功能表
uint cmd = API.TrackPopupMenuEx(contextMenu,TPM.RETURNCMD,
MousePosition.X, MousePosition.Y, this.Handle, IntPtr.Zero);
//擷取命令序號,執行功能表命令
if (cmd >= API.CMD_FIRST)
{
CMINVOKECOMMANDINFOEX invoke = new CMINVOKECOMMANDINFOEX();
invoke.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(CMINVOKECOMMANDINFOEX));
invoke.lpVerb = (IntPtr)(cmd - 1);
invoke.lpDirectory = string.Empty;
invoke.fMask = 0;
invoke.ptInvoke = new POINT(MousePosition.X, MousePosition.Y);
invoke.nShow = 1;
iContextMenu.InvokeCommand(ref invoke);
}
慣例附片和原始碼:
原始碼:/Files/lemony/WinShell3.rar