centos 6.4 擴容

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摘自 :http://cache.baiducontent.com/c?m=9f65cb4a8c8507ed4fece7631046893b4c4380146d96864968d4e414c4224615172da2fa663f4344959e2d3956b21f0baca36d2c761e26b69fca894adcbe866d72c8713b214bda074f920eafba5153c337e751fede1ff0cdf02592dec5a3af4327b944040a9781894d731fdd1efa034795b19939550807bb9d2765894e7659df7413e01ca5b5256e76c7ac8a4b4cb268832157cce96eed6205b562e24c4b7a13b74cc05c027d6eb71930ff35785fd4b14ae75b2e0063eb08a4b9b0b5ef5f8dacfd30ebedcbde79c224bd94&p=863fc64ad49c0eb419bd9b7e0e159d&newp=c33ec64ad4db11a058ee97264f4a85231610db2151d4da1067&user=baidu&fm=sc&query=centos+%D0%E9%C4%E2%BB%FA%C0%A9%C8%DD+Re%2Dreading+the+partition+table+failed+with+error+16%3A+Device+or+resource+busy%2E&qid=a5323d5b000035f6&p1=1

 

遇到的情況是一模一樣的,留著自己看看吧!

 

 

======================================================== 背景:程式開發伺服器是虛擬機器,原來只規划了2G,後來發現硬碟不夠用了,需要進行擴容。參考文章:《實戰Linux下VMware虛擬機器根目錄空間擴充》http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_709919050100wap1.html 註:請首先閱讀參考文章,本文是在其基礎之上,在不同環境中進行的案例。同時,原文有幾處地方沒有交代的那麼清楚,初學者可能會走彎路,在這裡進行了相應補充。========================================================看到文章說必須基於LVM,那是不是呢?命令檢驗一下。據說 centos預設安裝也是LVM的。[[email protected] ~]$ lvdisplay --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_vm/lv_root
  LV Name                lv_root
  VG Name                vg_vm
  LV UUID                bWyLlY-hYra-7hPc-2eU9-tXMH-FJFa-7ZLDoF
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time vm.sss, 2015-01-05 03:29:55 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                6.71 GiB
  Current LE             1718
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0
  
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/vg_vm/lv_swap
  LV Name                lv_swap
  VG Name                vg_vm
  LV UUID                oLj3cQ-USD7-JIGZ-HMJz-NlmA-aQf6-lECYyC
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time vm.sss, 2015-01-05 03:29:56 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                816.00 MiB
  Current LE             204
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1[[email protected] ~]$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda:  32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00036057

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        1045     7875584   8e  Linux LVM

Disk  /dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root: 7205 MB, 7205814272 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 876 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk  /dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_swap: 855 MB, 855638016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 104 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 然後,在windows虛擬機器管理軟體上,給 虛擬機器擴容——前提是關閉虛擬機器OS。來個30G,當然,進去之後,可以看到總容量增加了。到32G了,還是沒有發現新的分區,虛擬機器軟體也已經提醒了。[[email protected] ~]$  sudo fdisk /dev/sda      Command (m for help): w
The  partition  table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read  partition  table.

WARNING:  Re-reading  the  partition  table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses  the old  tableThe new  table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.最後一步出現這樣的提示。 但是我們發現,fdisk -l,這個分區已經出來了。
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        1045     7875584   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            1045        3916    23066662   83  Linux   當然,這時候用ls /dev是看不到sd3的。因為還沒格式化。sudo mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda3 現在也是報錯的。 Could not stat /dev/sdb3之類的。既然上次已經提示了要reboot,那就roboot一下吧。[[email protected] ~]$ partprobe還是出現同樣的警告。難道還是不行?Warning: WARNING:  the kernel failed to re-read  the  partition  table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.管他呢,執行一下格式化吧。[[email protected] ~]$ sudo mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sda3居然OK了!這不嚇唬人嗎?[[email protected] ~]$  ll /dev/sda3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 3 Jan  6 10:33 /dev/sda3嘿嘿,已經有了哦然而,看看磁碟空間呢?怎麼還是這幾個分區呢[[email protected] ~]$  df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root  6.7G  6.5G   83M  99% /
tmpfs                      495M   80K  495M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                  485M  326M  134M  71% /boot  sudo fdisk -l也可以發現,還是只有一個LVM的分區。   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2              64        1045     7875584   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sda3            1045        3916    23066662   83  Linux  [[email protected] ~]$  sudo lvs
  LV      VG    Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  lv_root vg_vm -wi-ao----   6.71g                                            
  lv_swap vg_vm -wi-ao---- 816.00m    [[email protected] ~]$  sudo pvcreate /dev/sda3
  dev_is_mpath: failed to get device for 8:3
  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created這裡有一個failed,以為出問題了呢,結果下面又success,玩我呢?不管他了。因為一查,都是這樣的提示,沒有問題。  /dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root  6.7G  6.5G   83M  99% /
tmpfs                      495M   80K  495M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                  485M  326M  134M  71% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root這個應該就是LVM的組名,這裡顯示的不是sda2.來擴充這個組吧。[[email protected] ~]$  df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root  6.7G  6.5G   83M  99% /
tmpfs                      495M   80K  495M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                  485M  326M  134M  71% /boot
[[email protected] ~]$  sudo vgextend /dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root /dev/sda3
  Volume group name vg_vm/lv_root has invalid characters
[[email protected] ~]$  sudo vgextend /dev/mapper/vg_vm /dev/sda3       
  Volume group "vg_vm" successfully extended  原來這個組名,是-之前的字串——這要是沒有文章看著對比分析,誰知道啊? [[email protected] ~]$  sudo vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               vg_vm
  System ID            
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               29.50 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              7553
  Alloc PE / Size       1922 / 7.51 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       5631 / 22.00 GiB
  VG UUID               8GwL0o-DTdc-Lmkc-gCCC-RBvv-yOQp-wMgpeq  [[email protected] ~]$  sudo lvextend -L +22G /dev/vg_vm/lv_root /dev/sda3
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 28.71 GiB
  Insufficient free space: 5632 extents needed, but only 5631 available 估計是這其中用了一部分。22G沒那麼准了。那麼就21.0G吧[[email protected] ~]$  sudo lvextend -L +21.9G /dev/vg_vm/lv_root /dev/sda3  Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 21.90 GiB
  Extending logical volume lv_root to 28.61 GiB
  Logical volume lv_root successfully resized 文中所說的vim /etc/fstab這一個步驟,沒太看明白。裡面的內容是否有改變?因為看到少了一個mapper我沒有管他,並沒有對這個檔案進行修改,然後繼續往下。 [[email protected] ~]$  sudo e2fsck -f /dev/vg_vm/lv_root
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/vg_vm/lv_root is mounted.
e2fsck: Cannot continue, aborting. 不知為何報錯。但是這隻是一個檢查命令,繼續往前吧。[[email protected] ~]$  sudo resize2fs  /dev/vg_vm/lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg_vm/lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg_vm/lv_root to 7500800 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg_vm/lv_root is now 7500800 blocks long.

[[email protected] ~]$  df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_vm-lv_root   29G  6.5G   22G  24% /
tmpfs                      495M   80K  495M   1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1                  485M  326M  134M  71% /boot 可以看到,這個邏輯卷已經成功的擴容,根目錄又可以裝更多東西了。yeah!==========================================================================

 

centos 6.4 擴容

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