標籤:
方法一:手動解壓JDK的壓縮包,然後設定環境變數
1.在/usr/目錄下建立java目錄
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir/usr/java
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/java
2.下載,然後解壓
[[email protected] java]# curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
[[email protected] java]# tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
3.設定環境變數
[[email protected] java]# vi /etc/profile
添加如下內容:
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
讓修改生效:
[[email protected] java]# source /etc/profile
4.驗證
[[email protected] java]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)
方法二:用yum安裝JDK(CentOS)
1.查看yum庫中都有哪些jdk版本
[[email protected] ~]# yum search java|grep jdk
ldapjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdk
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demos
java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environment
java-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentation
java-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundle
ldapjdk.x86_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK
2.選擇版本,進行安裝
我們這裡安裝1.7版本
[[email protected] ~]# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk
安裝完之後,預設的安裝目錄是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64
3.設定環境變數
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/profile
添加如下內容:
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
讓修改生效:
[[email protected] java]# source /etc/profile
3.驗證
同上。
註:因為採用yum安裝jdk,系統考慮到多版本的問題,會用alternatives進資料列版本設定。開始,相應版本的jdk安裝在/usr/lib/jvm/之後,會在alternatives中註冊,在/etc/alternatives目錄下會產生一些連結到/usr/lib/jvm/中剛安裝好的jdk版本。
在/usr/bin下面會有連結到/etc/alternatives的相應的檔案。比如,/usr/bin下面會有一個連結檔案java的映射關係如下:
/usr/bin/java->/etc/alternatives/java
/etc/alternatives/java-> /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java
這樣,java命令不用設定環境變數,就可以正常運行了。但如果對於tomcat或其他軟體來說還是要設定環境變數。
同樣,如果安裝新的版本jdk,就會重新連結到最新安裝的jdk版本。當然,也可以使用alternatives修改所要使用的版本。
具體方法可參照:《使用Linux的alternatives管理多版本的軟體》
方法三:用rpm安裝JDK
1.下載
[[email protected] ~]$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
2.使用rpm命令安裝
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:jdk ###########################################[100%]
Unpacking JAR files...
rt.jar...
jsse.jar...
charsets.jar...
tools.jar...
localedata.jar...
jfxrt.jar...
3.設定環境變數
[[email protected] java]# vi /etc/profile
添加如下內容:
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
讓修改生效:
[[email protected] java]# source /etc/profile
4.驗證
[[email protected] java]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)
和yum安裝類似,不用設定環境變數就可以,運行java命令。rpm安裝方式預設會把jdk安裝到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79,然後通過三層連結,連結到/usr/bin,具體連結如下:
[[email protected] ~]# cd /bin
[[email protected] bin]# ll|grep java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jar
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javac
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoc
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaws
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol
[[email protected] bin]# cd /usr/java/
[[email protected] java]# ll
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latest
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0_79
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
方法四:Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安裝JDK
1.查看apt庫都有哪些jdk版本
[email protected]:~# apt-cache search java|grep jdk
default-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit
default-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation)
gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)
gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)
openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
openjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)
openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)
openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation
openjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)
openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files
uwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)
uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)
openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT
openjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)
openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
2.選擇版本進行安裝
[email protected]:~# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
3.設定環境變數
[email protected]:~# vi /etc/profile
添加如下內容:
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64
JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
CLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH
讓修改生效:
[email protected]:~# source /etc/profile
4.驗證
[email protected]:~# java -version
java version "1.7.0_79"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea 2.5.5) (7u79-2.5.5-0ubuntu0.12.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)
Ubuntu的apt-get安裝方式和CentOS的yum安裝方式很類似,這裡就不再囉嗦。
centos install jdk