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CentOS7下安裝MySQL
--下載mysql
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
一。準備工作
--下載後檔案
MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
--建立檔案夾
mkdir /home/www/tar
mkdir /home/www/rpm
--上傳檔案至rpm包下解壓
tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
...
MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
MySQL-client-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm
--把tar檔案移至/home/www/tar
mv MySQL-5.6.24-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar /home/www/tar
二、開始安裝
--開始安裝(其中，v表示顯示詳細安裝資訊，h表示顯示用#表示安裝進度)
rpm -ivh MySQL-*
--看到如下資訊已安裝成功
A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in ‘/root/.mysql_secret‘.
...
...
New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings
備忘：最新版的MySQL將隨機產生一個root使用者的密碼，放在/root/.mysql_secret 檔案中
--查看連接埠(預設3306)
[[email protected] init.d]# netstat -nat
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3690 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.110:22 192.168.1.119:50608 ESTABLISHED
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
三、安裝位置
用RPM進行安裝的時候，MySQL下的子目錄被分散開，分別放在了以下幾個目錄下：
/etc/logrotate.d/mysql
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql // mysql啟動配置指令碼，其中只有一個叫mysql的可執行檔 與mysql有關
/var/lib/mysql // Mysql中的資料庫存放目錄
/var/lock/subsys/mysql
/usr/lib/mysql // 該檔案夾下是mysql連結庫
/usr/include/mysql // mysql 標頭檔
/usr/share/mysql // mysql 安裝目錄
/usr/bin // 其中有mysql的多個可執行程式，如mysql、mysql_config_editor、mysqlcheck、mysqladmin等
四、mysql停止與重啟
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql start
五、錯誤排查
[[email protected] rpm]# mysql -uroot
--出現問題
(1)報錯：ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ (using password: NO)
--停止服務
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql stop
--安全模式進入mysql
[[email protected] rpm]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
[[email protected] rpm]# mysql -u root mysql
--更改使用者名稱
mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD(‘root‘) where User=‘root‘;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> quit
[[email protected] rpm]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show databases；
(2)報錯：ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must SET PASSWORD before executing this statement
--重新設定root密碼
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD(‘root‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases；
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
(3)navicat報錯：Host ‘192.168.1.*‘ is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
原因：mysql下user表中不允許外部連結
--臨時把連接埠加入防火牆
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp
systemctl restart firewalld.service
--更改host
[[email protected] rpm]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------------------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------+------+
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| localhost | root |
| localhost.localdomain | root |
+-----------------------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--更改localhost為%
mysql> update user set host = ‘%‘ where host=‘localhost‘;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------------------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------------------+------+
| % | root |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| localhost.localdomain | root |
+-----------------------+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--重啟mysql服務
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql restart
至此mysql已可以正常使用！
六、開機啟動
使用命令：sbin/chkconfig --list，查看啟動項
使用命令：sbin/chkconfig --add mysql，將mysql添加到開機啟動項中：
使用命令：sbin/chkconfig --del mysql，將mysql從開機啟動項中刪除：
CentOS7下mysql安裝
