CentOS7.2通用二進位格式安裝mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz文檔與啟動時失敗排查分析

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CentOS7.2通用二進位格式安裝mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

提前準備好mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql                    ###添加mysql使用者

[[email protected] ~]# useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 mysql              ###添加mysql組

[[email protected] dylan]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[[email protected] dylan]# cd /usr/local/

[[email protected] local]# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64/ mysql    ###建立mysql連結

[[email protected] local]# cd mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R root.mysql ./*                    ###更改屬組屬組

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -pv /mydata/data                     ###建立資料目錄

mkdir: 已建立目錄 "/mydata"

mkdir: 已建立目錄 "/mydata/data"

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/        ###更改資料目錄許可權

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir /etc/mysql

###將選擇的設定檔複製至/etc/mysql/中，並重新命名為my.cnf

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf 

[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf                     ###編輯添加

thread_concurrency = 8

datadir = /mydata/data                                            ###設定資料檔案目錄

innodb_file_per_table = ON                                        

skip_name_resolve = ON                                            ###跳過主機名稱解析

###複製mysqld的服務管理檔案至/etc/rc.d/init.d並命名為mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# ls -l /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12196 6月  20 22:28 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld                     ###添加服務

###程式初始化，指定使用者為mysql,資料目錄為/mydata/data

[[email protected] mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL. ERROR!     ###啟動錯誤

###編輯selinux，關閉selinux

[[email protected] mysql]# vim /etc/selinux/config 

SELINUX=disabled

[[email protected] mysql]# getenforce

Enforcing

[[email protected] mysql]# setenforce 0

[[email protected] mysql]# getenforce

Permissive

###此時啟動依然出錯，mysql讀取設定檔不僅僅有一個，mysql進程會以此去找很多個位置，並使用最後的作為最終的配置。

[[email protected] /]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --help --verbose    ###查看讀取次序

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.46-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using read

line 5.1Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Usage: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql [OPTIONS] [database]

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:

/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf                 ###讀取順序

###於是查看/etc/my.cnf檔案，在log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log中，於是查看/var/log/中不存在mariadb目錄，需手動建立，或者將此登出掉，否則啟動服務會失敗。

[[email protected] rc.d]# vim /etc/my.cnf                 

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log###錯誤記錄檔路徑

pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

###查看/var/log/下並沒有mariadb目錄，於是有三種方法解決：

1.mv /etc/my.cnf  /etc/my.cnf.bak###使/etc/my.cnf失效

2.vim /etc/my.cnf   

#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log###登出掉

3.mkdir /var/log/mariadb    ###建立mariadb目錄

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir /var/log/mariadb        ###此處使用第三種方法

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL... SUCCESS!     ###成功啟動

###修改環境變數

[[email protected] rc.d]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

[[email protected] rc.d]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh ###重讀此設定檔

###匯出標頭檔

[[email protected] rc.d]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysqld

"/usr/include/mysqld" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"

###匯出庫檔案

[[email protected] ld.so.conf.d]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

/usr/local/mysql/lib

[[email protected] ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig###系統重載入系統庫

[[email protected] ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig -p |grep mysql###查看庫檔案讀取

libmysqld.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqld.so.18

libmysqld.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqld.so

libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18

libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so     

###mysql安全強化

[[email protected] bin]# mysql_secure_installation ###運行此命令進行設定

本文出自 “11290766” 部落格，請務必保留此出處http://rylan.blog.51cto.com/11290766/1940437

CentOS7.2通用二進位格式安裝mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz文檔與啟動時失敗排查分析