標籤:centos7 oracle
Centos7_Minimal 靜默安裝 Oracle 12c版本
1.檢查系統版本
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
2.關閉selinux
[[email protected] ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config[[email protected] ~]# getenforce Disabled
3.關閉防火牆
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
4.修改主機名稱和hosts檔案
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/hostname oracle[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/hostsoracle 172.18.135.72
5.升級系統
[[email protected] ~]# yum update -y
6.安裝依賴包和java環境
[[email protected] ~]#yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC-devel binutils-* compat-libstdc++* elfutils-libelf* glibc* gcc-* libaio* libgcc* libstdc++* make* sysstat* unixODBC* wget unzip[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk*
7.建立使用者,組
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd oinstall[[email protected] ~]# groupadd dba[[email protected] ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle[[email protected] ~]# passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 charactersRetype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.[[email protected] ~]# id oracleuid=1004(oracle) gid=1005(oinstall) groups=1005(oinstall),1006(dba)
8.建立軟體安裝目錄,並賦許可權
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle$ORACLE_BASE[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/12c$ORACLE_HOME[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle/oradata資料存放目錄[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle/inventory清單目錄[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area資料恢複目錄[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle[[email protected] ~]# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
9.修改系統參數
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.shmall = 1073741824kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
[[email protected] ~]# sysctl -p (啟動生效)
10. 修改使用者限制檔案
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 32768
11.關聯設定
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so
12.設定環境變數
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifi
[[email protected] ~]# source /etc/profile (執行)
13.配置oracle使用者環境變數(切換oracle使用者)
[[email protected] ~]$ vim .bash_profile
# For Oracleexport ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/12cexport ORACLE_SID=orclexport PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/libif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022fi
[[email protected] ~]$ source .bash_profile
14.官網下載oracle 12c版本安裝包,上傳至/opt/oracle 目錄
[[email protected] oracle]$ pwd/opt/oracle[[email protected] oracle]$ ls12c flash_recovery_area inventory linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip oradata
15.接下來用oracle使用者解壓
[[email protected] oracle]$ unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip [[email protected] oracle]$ unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
16.解壓完成可以看到目錄/opt/oracle/database/response有3個應答檔案,
分別資料庫安裝檔案、建立資料庫執行個體和監聽配置安裝檔案
[[email protected] oracle]$ ll /opt/oracle/database/response/total 112-rwxrwxr-x 1 oracle oinstall 74822 Apr 4 2014 dbca.rsp-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 25036 Jul 7 2014 db_install.rsp-rwxrwxr-x 1 oracle oinstall 6038 Jan 24 2014 netca.rsp[[email protected] oracle]$
17.修改資料庫安裝檔案db_install.rsp
[[email protected] oracle]$ vim /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY #安裝類型ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle #主機名稱UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall #安裝組INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/inventory #清單目錄SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN #選擇語言ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/12c/ # oracle_homeORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle #oracle_baseoracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE #oracle版本oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba #dba使用者組oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall #oper使用者組oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE #資料庫類型oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl #globalDBNameoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl #SIDoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 #自動管理記憶體的最小記憶體(M)oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle #設定所有資料庫使用者使用同一個密碼DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true #設定安全更新
18.開始安裝,等的時間有點長,可以通過查看後台日誌安裝進程,tail -f log ,安裝過程有警告可忽略,如即為安裝成功,根據圖示操作
[[email protected] ~]$ cd /opt/oracle/database/[[email protected] database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq
19.切換root使用者執行指令碼,然後回到oracle使用者按enter就可以
20.查看預設的監聽檔案,並安裝監聽應答檔案
[[email protected] ~]$ vim /opt/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
INSTALL_TYPE=""custom""安裝的類型LISTENER_NUMBER=1監聽器數量LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}監聽器的名稱列表LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}監聽器使用的通訊協議列表LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""監聽器啟動的名稱
[[email protected] ~]$ netca /silent /responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp
21.上述命令執行成功後,會在/opt/oracle/12c/network/admin中產生listener.ora和sqlnet.ora檔案
[[email protected] ~]$ ls /opt/oracle/12c/network/admin/
listener.ora samples shrept.lst sqlnet.ora
22.安裝完成後可以查看連接埠1521是否起來
[[email protected] ~]$ netstat -tulnp |grep 1521
23.添加資料庫執行個體,修改dbca.rsp檔案
[[email protected] ~]$ vim /opt/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "12.1.0" #預設OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" #預設GDBNAME = "orcl" #資料庫名字SID = "orcl" #對應的執行個體名TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" #預設SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" #sys密碼SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" #system密碼DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle" #dbs密碼DATAFILEDESTINATION =/opt/oracle/oradata #清單目錄RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area #恢複資料目錄CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8" #字元集,重要!!!建庫後一般不能更改
24.執行資料庫執行個體安裝
[[email protected] ~]$ cd /opt/oracle/12c/bin/
[[email protected] bin]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /opt/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp
25.查看執行個體進程,監聽狀態
[[email protected] bin]$ ps -ef |grep ora_ |grep -v grep
26.查看執行個體狀態
[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
27.oracle的一些命令
開啟racle服務:
$dbstart
$lsnrctl start
$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL>startup
關閉oracle服務:
$dbshut
$lsnrctl stop
$sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL>shutdown /shutdown immediate
Centos7_Minimal 靜默安裝 Oracle 12c版本