ruby中的類變數與類執行個體變數

來源:互聯網
上載者:User

首先,在ruby1.8中類變數是所有子類和父類共用的,可以看下面的代碼:

class IntelligentLife
 @@home_planet = nil

 def  self.home_planet
  @@home_planet
 end
 def self.home_planet=(x)
   @@home_planet = x
 end
 #... 
end
class Terran < IntelligentLife
 @@home_planet = "Earth"
end

class Martian < IntelligentLife
  @@home_planet = "Mars"
end

p IntelligentLife.home_planet
p  Terran.home_planet
p Martian.home_planet

可以看到結果是相同的,都是"Mars".這是因為父類的類變數是被整個繼承體系所共用的.

在這裡我們如果想要得到我們所需要的結果,我們就要使用類執行個體變數,因為類執行個體變數是嚴格的 per-class。而不是被整個繼承體系所共用。

class IntelligentLife
 @home_planet = nil

 class << self
  attr_accessor :home_planet
 end
end
class Terran < IntelligentLife
 @home_planet = "Earth"
end

class Martian < IntelligentLife
  @home_planet = "Mars"
end

p IntelligentLife.home_planet
p  Terran.home_planet
p Martian.home_planet

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