1、命令名稱:write
執行許可權:所有使用者
功能描述:向另外一個使用者發送資訊,以CTRL+D作為結束
文法:write <使用者名稱>
root向luxh使用者發送資訊[root@localhost ~]# write luxhwrite: luxh is logged in more than once; writing to pts/1hello,luxh,i am root使用者luxh接收到的資訊為[luxh@localhost ~]$ Message from luxh@localhost.localdomain (as root) on pts/0 at 05:17 ...hello,luxh,i am root
root使用者向luxh使用者發送資訊,luxh使用者必須已經登陸,否則是發送不了的。
2、命令名稱:wall
執行許可權:所有使用者
功能描述:向所有使用者廣播資訊
文法:wall [message] [檔案名稱]
root向所有登陸使用者發送資訊[root@localhost ~]# wall Happy New YearBroadcast message from root@localhost.localdomain (pts/0) (Thu Nov 22 05:27:49 2012):Happy New Year[root@localhost ~]#已登陸的使用者就可以收到[luxh@localhost ~]$ Broadcast message from root@localhost.localdomain (pts/0) (Thu Nov 22 05:27:49 2012):Happy New Year
3、命令名稱:ping
執行許可權:root
功能描述:測試網路連通性
文法:ping [選項] IP地址
在Linux下直接ping ID,按CTRL+C終止命令,否則會一直ping
[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.1.1PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=6.66 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=6.63 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=3.13 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=4.55 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=128 time=6.69 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=128 time=5.90 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=7 ttl=128 time=2.77 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=8 ttl=128 time=2.75 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=9 ttl=128 time=5.41 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=10 ttl=128 time=7.52 ms
使用 -c 指定ping的次數
[luxh@localhost ~]$ ping -c 4 192.168.1.1PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=6.49 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=5.42 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=2.46 ms64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=3.69 ms--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3010msrtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.464/4.520/6.498/1.551 ms[luxh@localhost ~]$
使用 -s 指定發送包的大小,最大不能超過65507位元組
[root@localhost ~]# ping -c 4 -s 1024 192.168.1.1PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 1024(1052) bytes of data.1032 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=6.67 ms1032 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=4.21 ms1032 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=9.06 ms1032 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=5.09 ms--- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3010msrtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.212/6.262/9.064/1.845 ms[root@localhost ~]#
4、命令名稱:ifconfig
執行許可權:root
功能描述:查看網路設定資訊
文法:ifconfig [-a] [網卡裝置標識]
-a 顯示所有網卡的資訊 (在Linux系統中可以省略,在Unix系統中不能省略)
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfigeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:4C:63:3E inet addr:192.168.0.102 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:633e/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:4238 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3578 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4560042 (4.3 MiB) TX bytes:299603 (292.5 KiB) Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2024 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:480 (480.0 b) TX bytes:480 (480.0 b)
eth0是實際的物理網卡,lo是虛擬迴環地址網卡
臨時改變IP地址,重啟後無效[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.5