Debian lenny — Install Soft

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上載者:User
 6 INSTALL SOME SOFT
6.1. Chinese input,Use fcitx in English version OS:
  Install fcitx
  #apt-get install fcitx

  或者從源碼安裝:
  # apt-get install libxpm-dev
  # tar jxf fcitx-3.4.2.tar.ba2 -C /usr/local/
  # cd /usr/local/fcitx-3.4.2
  # ./configure && make && make install

  #vim /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95input
  Input under content:
  export LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
  export LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
  export XMODIFIERS="@im=fcitx"
  fcitx &

  儲存退出vim。
  設定檔~/.fcitx/config我使用了fc8 上fcitx-3.5-0.BlackFri.fc8.i386.rpm的config 檔案.

6.2. Install SCIM input:
  #apt-get install scim scim-pinyin scim-tables-zh im-switch
  $im-switch -z en_US -s scim #英文系統下使用SCIM:
  游標跟隨
  #gedit /etc/X11/xinit/xinput.d/scim
  #GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
  #QT_IM_MODULE=xim
  GTK_IM_MODULE=scim
  QT_IM_MODULE=scim

6.3. Install thunderbird & firefox3 without apt-get
安裝所需的庫
  # apt-get install libstdc++5

6.3.1. Download them from www.mozilla.org
6.3.2. Extract soft,:
  # tar zxf thunderbird*.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
  # tar zxf firefox*.tar.gz -C /usr//local/
6.3.3. Create dynamic link:
  Thunderbird:
  # ln -s /usr/local/thunderbird /usr/lib/thunderbird
  # ln -s /usr/local/thunderbird/thunderbird /usr/bin/thunderbird
  # ln -s /usr/local/thunderbird/icons/mozicon50.xpm /usr/share/icons/thunderbird.xpm

  FireFox:
  # ln -s /usr/local/firefox/icons/mozicon128.png /usr/share/icons/firefox.png
  # ln -s /usr/local/firefox/firefox /usr/bin/firefox
  # ln -s /usr/local/firefox /usr/lib/firefox
6.3.4. Create thunder and firefox icon in the menu:

  $sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/thunderbird.desktop
Add under words:
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Thunderbird Mail/News
Comment=Read/Write Mail/News with Thunderbird
GenericName=Mail Client
Exec=thunderbird %u
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Icon=thunderbird.xpm
Categories=Application;Network;
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;application/rss+xml;application/rdf+xml;image/gif;image/jpeg;image/png
StartupWMClass=Thunderbird-bin
StartupNotify=true

  Save and exit
  $sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/firefox.desktop
Add under words:
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=Firefox3 Web Browser
Comment=Browse the World Wide Web
GenericName=Web Browser
Exec=firefox %u
Terminal=false
X-MultipleArgs=false
Type=Application
Icon=firefox.png
Categories=Network;WebBrowser
MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;application/rss+xml;application/rdf+xml;image/gif;image/jpeg;image/png
StartupWMClass=Firefox-bin
StartupNotify=true
 
6.3.5.  安裝firefox外掛程式:
  downthemall
  chm Reader
  Flashblock
  支援mht,下載安裝unmht: http://www.unmht.org  
 
  安裝FlashPlayer
  在iceweasel提示安裝時選擇安裝,如果安裝失敗:
  下載install_flash_player_9_linux.tar.gz並解壓,進入解壓目錄,執行
  安裝:sudo ./flashplayer-installer
  路徑:
    /usr/lib/firefox
    /usr/lib/opera
  若flashplayer菜單有亂碼問題的話,執行:
  $sudo mv /etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf.bak
  安裝ttf-freefont字型可解決swf檔案中文亂碼
 
  Save and exit,ok,cheers!
-----
備用瀏覽器:
  Opera字型最佳化~/.opera/styles/user/user.css:
html,body,*{
  font-family:"WenQuanYi Bitmap Song" !important;
}
-----

6.4. Install Eva QQ From Source
6.4.1.  首先安裝需要的依賴庫:
  # apt-get install build-essential
  # apt-get install g++ gcc make automake perl
  # apt-get install kdelibs4-dev libqt3-mt-dev kdelibs4c2a
  把源碼解壓,進入源碼的目錄,配置configure:
  # ./configure && make && make install
 
  若是安裝完成以後啟動出現這樣的錯誤:
  Sorry,image resource cannot be loaded properly,check image directory please.
  則有可能是直接./configure的路徑出錯,應該如下:
  # ./configure --prefix=`kde-config --prefix`
  網上是如上語句安裝,但是在我的機器上(fedora8和debian lenny)通不過,
  我把安裝語句拆分為如下:
  debian-525 eva-20080127 # kde-config --prefix
  /usr
  debian-525 eva-20080127 # ./configure --prefix='/usr/'
  # make && make install
 
6.4.2.  gcc版本升級到4.3後,eva-20080127編譯通不過了,需要去
  http://www.myswear.net/forum/viewthread.php?tid=9417&extra=page%3D1&page=1
  下載這個補丁,下載後把補丁
  # unzip eva_patch.zip -d /usr/local/eva-20080127/
  # cd /usr/local/eva-20080127/
  # patch -p1 < eva_patch
  # ./configure --prefix=`kde-config --prefix` && make && make install

6.4.3  gnome使用者會發現在Internet那裡沒有表徵圖,這樣就好了:
  # ln -s /usr/share/apps/eva/image/theme/eva.png /usr/share/icons/eva
   
  Eva 出錯文檔,見附錄1.
 
6.4.5  Eva的字型修改:
修改檔案~/.kde/share/config/kdeglobals:

[General]
XftHintStyle=hintmedium
XftSubPixel=
fixed=微軟雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
font=微軟雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
menuFont=微軟雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
taskbarFont=微軟雅黑,9,5,50,0,0,0,0,0
toolBarFont=微軟雅黑,9,-1,5,50,0,0,0,0,0

6.4.6 其他網路通訊IM
  # apt-get install pidgin amsn
安裝飛信:
詳細請看 http://www.libfetion.cn/Linux_demoapp_download.html
我用的是舊版,解壓後就是libfetion.so,把它mv到/usr/lib/purple-2/libfetion.so
伺服器那裡填寫: 221.130.44.193
其他資訊自己填,就可以用了:)

6.5. Install Stardict
6.5.1.  Solution dependency:
  # apt-get install libenchant-dev libgucharmap-dev gucharmap libespeak-dev

6.5.2.  Download stardict-XXX-.deb from http://stardict.sourceforge.net/cn/Dictionaries.php
  # dpkg -i stardict_3.0.1-1_i386.deb

6.5.3.  安裝字典:tar -xjvf a.tar.bz2
  # mv a /usr/share/stardict/dic
  字典路徑:/usr/share/stardict/dic

  摘自官方:
    WyabdcRealPeopleTTS 軟體包是星際譯王詞語的發音檔案,是副檔名為.wav的檔案.
    Linux系統下,通過(tar -xjvf) 解壓檔案 tarball 到 "/usr/share/".
or
  # apt-get install stardict
 
6.6. Install Mplay from Source
解碼器和原檔案還有皮膚到這裡下載: http://www.mplayerhq.hu/dload.html

  See Mplayer readme files.
  1. copy decodes to /usr/local/lib/win32(decodes檔案是你自己下載的解碼器)
  2. ./configure --enable-gui
  3. make && make install
    4. 這裡假設你已經安裝了雅黑字型,要是沒有安裝,請選擇其他字型連結:
  # ln -s /usr/share/fonts/msyh/msyh.ttf /usr/local/share/mplayer/subfont.ttf
    5. 設定皮膚
  # cd /usr/local/share/mplayer/skins/
  # ln -s clearplayer/ default

6.7. Install Totem player
  # apt-get install totem-xine
  totem-GStreamer和我的音效卡驅動有衝突,播放電影時沒有聲音,
  需要
  # alsa force-reload
  才能播放,具體原因我也沒有找出來。
 
  安裝解碼器:
  # apt-get install totem-xine w32codecs
  若不能播放rm和rmvb:
  # rm -f /usr/lib/win32/drvc.so /usr/lib/codecs/drvc.so

6.8. Install XXX player music(MP3):
Now I'm using rhythmbox in gnome
  # apt-get install rhythmbox

6.9. Install Vim
and config(無垠的blog)
源碼安裝vim:
no terminal library found
checking for tgetent()... configure: error: NOT FOUND!
You need to install a terminal library; for example ncurses.
Or specify the name of the library with --with-tlib.

  # apt-get install libncurses5-dev libpanelappletmm-2.6-dev ncurses* libgtk2.0-dev(這裡缺什麼我不是太清楚,安裝了那麼多就好了)
  # ./configure --with-gui=gnome && make && make install
配置:
  http://download.csdn.net/source/616649
  http://blog.csdn.net/wooin/archive/2007/10/31/1858917.aspx

'apt-get build-dep vim' to get whatever packages are required to compile
vim.

6.10. Install VMwareworkstation
  原來一直裝不上,老出錯,自己編譯好核心以後執行vmware-install.pl就好了.

6.11. Install OpenOffice
  # apt-get install openoffice.org-writer openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-help-en-us
  # apt-get install openoffice.org-l10n-zh-cn openoffice.org-help-zh-cn #中文介面和中文協助

6.12. 壓縮與解壓縮
  需要添加這個源添加軟體源到最後 /etc/apt/source.lst
  deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ lenny main contrib non-free
  deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ lenny main contrib non-free
  deb http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ lenny main
  deb-src http://www.debian-multimedia.org/ lenny main
 
  $ apt-get update
  注意:debian-multimedia.org的源需要安裝KEY,在http://www.debian-multimedia.org/下載後安裝後才可以更新軟體列表。

  RAR支援
  # apt-get install p7zip-rar rar unrar

  # apt-get install file-roller p7zip-full cabextract
 
6.13. 影像處理
  # apt-get install gimp

6.14. 雙擊安裝deb檔案
  # apt-get install gdeb
 
6.15. PDF閱讀 CHM閱讀
  # apt-get install evince
  Evince完美中文支援(我發現安裝這個後中文字型會變形,在考慮是不是換Adobe Read)
  # apt-get install xpdf-chinese-simplified xpdf-chinese-traditional
 
  # apt-get install gnochm

6.16. Install tomboy
便箋記事本,我覺得蠻方便的
  #  apt-get install tomboy

6.17 compile wine-1.0
  # apt-get install flex bison
如果缺少警告的包:
http://wiki.winehq.org/Recommended_Packages

---------------------------------------
設定問題:
1. Gnome 案頭上不顯示已掛載的硬碟表徵圖
  當你通過 Nautilus 掛接了一個硬碟分區或USB盤時,案頭上會顯示相應的表徵圖。如果你不想讓這些表徵圖在案頭上顯示,請看本 How-to。
    當你的 fstab 裡的某一行中使用了 'user' 選項時,你就可以在 Nautilus '電腦' 中看到對應的硬碟,直接雙擊會自動掛接相應硬碟,並且會在案頭上顯示相應的連結表徵圖。
  這個鍵的其他幾個值就是設定“我的電腦”等其他幾個表徵圖的東西。
  要禁止這些表徵圖在案頭上的顯示,請按如下方法操作:
  (1). 應用程式->系統工具->配置編輯器(gconf-editor)
  (2). 找到 gconf-editor-->apps-->nautilus-->desktop-->volumes_visible 設定為 FALSE (單擊即可)

2. adjust system time
if this command can not be run:
    #hwclock --show
it display "select() to /dev/rtc to wait for clock tick timed out",and this follow command can be run:
    #hwclock --directisa --show
(hwckock is mean hardware clock),then you can modify /etc/default/rcS this file add one line in it:
HWCLOCKPARS="--directisa"
reboot your system ,ok!

3. 讓gnome支援多編碼
修改開啟gedit的預設編碼為GB2312
方法: gconf-editor-->app-->gedit2-->preferences-->encodings-->auto_detected 記入編碼GB2312,GBK,GB18030
gconf-editor-->app-->gedit2-->preferences-->encodings-->show_in_menu,這裡也可以改改

4. 快速鍵啟動程式
先設定命令幾對應的啟動程式,再設定啟動這個程式的快速鍵。
例如,我這裡設定按快速鍵"<control>+<alt>+t"啟動終端:
設定啟動的程式:gconf-editor-->app-->metacity-->keybinding_commands-->command_1: gnome-terminal
設定對應的快速鍵:gconf-editor-->app-->metacity-->global_keybindings-->runcommand_1: <control><alt>t
其他的雷同:)

---------------------------------
附錄1 linux下安裝eva qq configure 錯誤詳解
./configure錯誤全搞掂
Tuesday, April 17, 2007, 06:50 PM
錯誤: C compiler cannot create executables
原因:
解決:sudo apt-get install gcc libc6-dev

錯誤:checking for C compiler default output... configure: error: C compiler cannot create executables
原因:
解決:sudo apt-get install libc6-dev

錯誤:configure: error: C++ preprocessor "/lib/cpp" fails sanity check
原因:gcc的組件沒裝全
解決:apt-get install build-essential

錯誤: Can't find X includes. Please check your installation and add the correct paths!
原因:沒有X的包含檔案
解決:安裝xlibs-dev即可

錯誤: Qt (>= Qt 3.0) (headers and libraries) not found. Please check your installation!
原因:尋找提供qt的lib&&headers的軟體包,並安裝之
解決:apt-get install libqt3-headers libqt3-mt-dev

錯誤:in the prefix, you've chosen, are no KDE headers installed. This will fail.
So, check this please and use another prefix!
原因:install a KDE application in a Gnome environment。
解決:which basically means its going to want to install a lot of KDE specific packages to work. This 'configure:error'
is due to it expecting you to be running KDE and again refers to some 'headers'.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install kdelibs4-dev kdelibs4c2a

錯誤:./admin/cvs.sh: 585: autoconf: not found
原因:
解決:apt-get install autoconf

錯誤: *** GTK >= 2.4.0 not installed! ***
原因:沒裝GTK
解決:apt-get build-dep gedit

錯誤:heching for gtk-config... no
checking for GTK - version = 1.2.0... no
*** The gtk-config script installed by GTK could not be found
*** If GTK was installed in PREFIX, make sure PREFIX/bin is in
*** your path, or set the GTK_CONFIG enviroment variable to the
*** full path to gtk-config.
configure: error: Cannot find GTK: Is gtk-config in path?
原因:
解決:sudo apt-get install libgtk1.2-dev

問題:eclipse中encoding不支援中文
解決:編輯/var/lib/locales/supported.d/local,加一行zh_CN.GBK GBK,執行sudo locale-gen

錯誤:gnome.h: No such file or directory

錯誤: No package 'libpanelapplet-2.0' found
原因:
解決:sudo apt-get install gnome-panel

問題:eva不彈出IME
解決:sudo apt-get install scim-qtimm

問題:No package 'gtk+-2.0' found
No package 'gtksourceview-1.0' found
No package 'libgnomeui-2.0' found
No package 'libglade-2.0' found
No package 'libgnomeprintui-2.2' found
解決:sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev libgtksourceview-dev libgnomeui-dev libglade2-dev libgnomeprint2.2-dev

問題:No package 'libpanelapplet-2.0' found
解決:sudo apt-get install libpanelappletmm-2.6-dev

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