DHCP+TFTP+PXE自動網路引導安裝Linux作業系統

DHCP+TFTP+PXE自動網路引導Linux+NFS/FTP/HTTP Push多個Linux作業系統

原理：

1)用戶端PXE網卡啟動

2)從DHCP伺服器獲得IP

3)從TFTP伺服器上下載pxelinux.0、default

4)根據設定檔default指定的vmlinuz、initrd.img啟動系統核心,並下載指定的ks.cfg檔案

5)跟據ks.cfg去(HTTP/FTP/NFS)伺服器下載RPM包並安裝系統

6)完成安裝

·    DHCP:

1. [root@rhel6 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
2. ddns-update-style none;
3. option routers 192.168.1.119;
4. option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
5. option domain-name "xfcy.org";
6. option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.119;
7. default-lease-time 21600;
8. max-lease-time 43200;
9. subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
10. range 192.168.1.101 192.168.1.200;
11. # TFTP Server
12. filename "pxelinux.0";
13. next-server rhel6.xfcy.org;
15. host vm.xfcy.org {
16. hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:c0:a7:99;
17. fixed-address 192.168.1.19;
18. }
19. }
21. [root@rhel6 tftpboot]# /etc/init.d/dhcpd restart
22. Shutting down dhcpd: [ OK ]
23. Starting dhcpd: [ OK ]

 ·TFPT:

1. [root@rhel6 ~]# rpm -qa | egrep 'tftp|xinetd'
2. tftp-0.49-7.el6.x86_64
3. xinetd-2.3.14-33.el6.x86_64
4. tftp-server-0.49-7.el6.x86_64
6. [root@rhel6 ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
7. # default: off
8. service tftp
9. {
10. socket_type = dgram
11. protocol = udp
12. wait = yes
13. user = root
14. server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
15. server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
16. disable = no
17. per_source = 11
18. cps = 100 2
19. flags = IPv4
20. }
22. [root@rhel6 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
23. [root@rhel6 ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
24. Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]
25. Starting xinetd: [ OK ]
27. [root@rhel6 ~]# netstat -lnup | grep :69
28. udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:69 0.0.0.0:* 2751/xinetd
30. [root@rhel6 ~]# yum -y install syslinux
31. [root@rhel6 ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
32. [root@rhel6 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
33. [root@rhel6 ~]# cp /media/isolinux/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/
34. [root@rhel6 ~]# cp /media/isolinux/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot/
35. [root@rhel6 ~]# cp /media/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
36. [root@rhel6 ~]# ls -R /var/lib/tftpboot/
37. /var/lib/tftpboot/:
38. boot.msg initrd.img pxelinux.0 pxelinux.cfg vmlinuz
40. /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg:
41. default
43. [root@rhel6 ~]# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
44. default rhel6_nfs
45. prompt 1 #顯示"boot: " 提示進行選擇以下lable
46. timeout 100 #10s 的逾時後進入default所定義的lable
47. display boot.msg #以boot.msg進行文本提示(與以下的*.msg檔案結合,非必選項)
48. F1 boot.msg
49. F2 options.msg
50. F3 general.msg
51. F4 param.msg
52. F5 rescue.msg
54. #可通過以下3種方式下載ks.cfg檔案，通過default定義lable或在timeout時間之內選擇lable即可
55. label rhel6_nfs #通過NFS方式
56. kernel vmlinuz
57. append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=initrd.img network ks=nfs:192.168.1.119:/var/ftp/pub/ks.cfg
58. label rhel6_ftp #通過FTP方式
59. kernel vmlinuz
60. append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=initrd.img network ks=ftp://192.168.1.119/pub/ks.cfg
61. label rhel6_http #通過HTTP方式
62. kernel vmlinuz
63. append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=initrd.img network ks=http://192.168.1.119/pub/ks.cfg
64. label rescue #用於rescue模式
65. kernel vmlinuz
66. append load_ramdisk=1 initrd=initrd.img rescue

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