android Fragments詳解七:fragement樣本

來源:互聯網
上載者:User

下例中實驗了上面所講的所有內容。此例有一個activity,其含有兩個fragment。一個顯示莎士比亞劇的播放曲目,另一個顯示選中曲目的摘要。此例還示範了如何跟據螢幕大小配置fragment。

主activity建立layout。

@Override<br />protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {<br /> super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);</p><p> setContentView(R.layout.fragment_layout);<br />}
主activity的layoutxml文檔

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"<br />    android:orientation="horizontal"<br />    android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"></p><p>    <fragment class="com.example.android.apis.app.FragmentLayout$TitlesFragment"<br />            android:id="@+id/titles" android:layout_weight="1"<br />            android:layout_width="0px" android:layout_height="match_parent" /></p><p>    <FrameLayout android:id="@+id/details" android:layout_weight="1"<br />            android:layout_width="0px" android:layout_height="match_parent"<br />            android:background="?android:attr/detailsElementBackground" /></p><p></LinearLayout>
系統在activity載入此layout時初始化TitlesFragment(用於顯示標題列表),TitlesFragment的右邊是一個FrameLayout,用於存放顯示摘要的fragment,但是現在它還是空的,fragment只有當使用者選擇了一項標題後,摘要fragment才會被放到FrameLayout中。

然而,並不是所有的螢幕都有足夠的寬度來容納標題列表和摘要。所以,上述layout只用於橫屏,現把它存放於ret/layout-land/fragment_layout.xml。

之外,當用於豎屏時,系統使用下面的layout,它存放於ret/layout/fragment_layout.xml:

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"<br />    android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"><br />    <fragment class="com.example.android.apis.app.FragmentLayout$TitlesFragment"<br />            android:id="@+id/titles"<br />            android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" /><br /></FrameLayout>

這個layout只包含TitlesFragment。這表示當使用豎屏時,只顯示標題列表。當使用者選中一項時,程式會啟動一個新的activity去顯示摘要,而不是載入第二個fragment。

下一步,你會看到Fragment類的實現。第一個是TitlesFragment,它從ListFragment派生,大部分列表的功能由ListFragment提供。

當使用者選擇一個Title時,代碼需要做出兩種行為,一種是在同一個activity中顯示建立並顯示摘要fragment,另一種是啟動一個新的activity。

public static class TitlesFragment extends ListFragment {<br />    boolean mDualPane;<br />    int mCurCheckPosition = 0;</p><p>    @Override<br />    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {<br />        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);</p><p>        // Populate list with our static array of titles.<br />        setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),<br />                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_activated_1, Shakespeare.TITLES));</p><p>        // Check to see if we have a frame in which to embed the details<br />        // fragment directly in the containing UI.<br />        View detailsFrame = getActivity().findViewById(R.id.details);<br />        mDualPane = detailsFrame != null && detailsFrame.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE;</p><p>        if (savedInstanceState != null) {<br />            // Restore last state for checked position.<br />            mCurCheckPosition = savedInstanceState.getInt("curChoice", 0);<br />        }</p><p>        if (mDualPane) {<br />            // In dual-pane mode, the list view highlights the selected item.<br />            getListView().setChoiceMode(ListView.CHOICE_MODE_SINGLE);<br />            // Make sure our UI is in the correct state.<br />            showDetails(mCurCheckPosition);<br />        }<br />    }</p><p>    @Override<br />    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {<br />        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);<br />        outState.putInt("curChoice", mCurCheckPosition);<br />    }</p><p>    @Override<br />    public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {<br />        showDetails(position);<br />    }</p><p>    /**<br />     * Helper function to show the details of a selected item, either by<br />     * displaying a fragment in-place in the current UI, or starting a<br />     * whole new activity in which it is displayed.<br />     */<br />    void showDetails(int index) {<br />        mCurCheckPosition = index;</p><p>        if (mDualPane) {<br />            // We can display everything in-place with fragments, so update<br />            // the list to highlight the selected item and show the data.<br />            getListView().setItemChecked(index, true);</p><p>            // Check what fragment is currently shown, replace if needed.<br />            DetailsFragment details = (DetailsFragment)<br />                    getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.details);<br />            if (details == null || details.getShownIndex() != index) {<br />                // Make new fragment to show this selection.<br />                details = DetailsFragment.newInstance(index);</p><p>                // Execute a transaction, replacing any existing fragment<br />                // with this one inside the frame.<br />                FragmentTransaction ft = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();<br />                ft.replace(R.id.details, details);<br />                ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE);<br />                ft.commit();<br />            }</p><p>        } else {<br />            // Otherwise we need to launch a new activity to display<br />            // the dialog fragment with selected text.<br />            Intent intent = new Intent();<br />            intent.setClass(getActivity(), DetailsActivity.class);<br />            intent.putExtra("index", index);<br />            startActivity(intent);<br />        }<br />    }
第二個fragment,DetailsFragment顯示被選擇的Title的摘要:

public static class DetailsFragment extends Fragment {<br />    /**<br />     * Create a new instance of DetailsFragment, initialized to<br />     * show the text at 'index'.<br />     */<br />    public static DetailsFragment newInstance(int index) {<br />        DetailsFragment f = new DetailsFragment();</p><p>        // Supply index input as an argument.<br />        Bundle args = new Bundle();<br />        args.putInt("index", index);<br />        f.setArguments(args);</p><p>        return f;<br />    }</p><p>    public int getShownIndex() {<br />        return getArguments().getInt("index", 0);<br />    }</p><p>    @Override<br />    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,<br />            Bundle savedInstanceState) {<br />        if (container == null) {<br />            // We have different layouts, and in one of them this<br />            // fragment's containing frame doesn't exist.  The fragment<br />            // may still be created from its saved state, but there is<br />            // no reason to try to create its view hierarchy because it<br />            // won't be displayed.  Note this is not needed -- we could<br />            // just run the code below, where we would create and return<br />            // the view hierarchy; it would just never be used.<br />            return null;<br />        }</p><p>        ScrollView scroller = new ScrollView(getActivity());<br />        TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());<br />        int padding = (int)TypedValue.applyDimension(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP,<br />                4, getActivity().getResources().getDisplayMetrics());<br />        text.setPadding(padding, padding, padding, padding);<br />        scroller.addView(text);<br />        text.setText(Shakespeare.DIALOGUE[getShownIndex()]);<br />        return scroller;<br />    }<br />}
如果當前的layout沒有R.id.detailsView(它被用於DetailsFragment的容器),那麼程式就啟動DetailsActivity來顯示摘要。

下面是DetailsActivity,它只是簡單地嵌入DetailsFragment來顯示摘要。

public static class DetailsActivity extends Activity {</p><p>    @Override<br />    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {<br />        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);</p><p>        if (getResources().getConfiguration().orientation<br />                == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {<br />            // If the screen is now in landscape mode, we can show the<br />            // dialog in-line with the list so we don't need this activity.<br />            finish();<br />            return;<br />        }</p><p>        if (savedInstanceState == null) {<br />            // During initial setup, plug in the details fragment.<br />            DetailsFragment details = new DetailsFragment();<br />            details.setArguments(getIntent().getExtras());<br />            getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(android.R.id.content, details).commit();<br />        }<br />    }<br />}
注意這個activity在檢測到是豎屏時會結束自己,於是主activity會接管它並顯示出TitlesFragment和DetailsFragment。這可以在使用者在豎屏時顯示在TitleFragment,但使用者旋轉了螢幕,使顯示變成了橫屏。

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