[轉]Net 下採用GET/POST/SOAP方式動態調用WebService C#實現

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本文轉自：http://www.cnblogs.com/splendidme/archive/2011/10/05/2199501.html

 

一直以來，我們都為動態調用WebService方法而煩惱。在.Net環境下，最常用的方法就是採用代理類來調用WebService，可以通過改變代理類的Url屬性來實現動態調用，但當xmlns改變時就會出錯，似乎要重新綁定Webservice並重新編譯後才能再次運行。我無意中通過百度搜尋找了一個採用GET/POST/SOAP方式動態調用WebService的簡易靈活方法，只需傳入WebService地址、需調用的方法及其參數，就可以隨時動態調用了。經過測試調用成功，現分享給大家，代碼如下：using System;using System.Web;using System.Xml;using System.Collections;using System.Net;using System.Text;using System.IO;using System.Xml.Serialization;//By huangz 2008-3-19/**//// <summary>///  利用WebRequest/WebResponse進行WebService調用的類,By 同濟黃正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19/// </summary>public class WebSvcCaller{    //<webServices>    //  <protocols>    //    <add name="HttpGet"/>    //    <add name="HttpPost"/>    //  </protocols>    //</webServices>    private static Hashtable _xmlNamespaces = new Hashtable();//緩衝xmlNamespace，避免重複調用GetNamespace    /**//// <summary>    /// 需要WebService支援Post調用    /// </summary>    public static XmlDocument QueryPostWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)    {        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName);        request.Method = "POST";        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";        SetWebRequest(request);        byte[] data = EncodePars(Pars);        WriteRequestData(request , data);        return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());    }    /**//// <summary>    /// 需要WebService支援Get調用    /// </summary>    public static XmlDocument QueryGetWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)    {        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL + "/" + MethodName + "?" + ParsToString(Pars));        request.Method = "GET";        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";        SetWebRequest(request);        return ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());    }    /**//// <summary>    /// 通用WebService調用(Soap),參數Pars為String類型的參數名、參數值    /// </summary>    public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars)    {        if (_xmlNamespaces.ContainsKey(URL))        {            return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars , _xmlNamespaces[URL].ToString());        }        else        {            return QuerySoapWebService(URL , MethodName , Pars ,GetNamespace(URL));        }    }    private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String URL , String MethodName , Hashtable Pars , string XmlNs)    {    //By 同濟黃正 http://hz932.ys168.com 2008-3-19        _xmlNamespaces[URL] = XmlNs;//加入緩衝，提高效率        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(URL);        request.Method = "POST";        request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8";        request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction" , "\"" + XmlNs + (XmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + MethodName + "\"");        SetWebRequest(request);        byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(Pars , XmlNs , MethodName);        WriteRequestData(request , data);        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument() , doc2 = new XmlDocument();        doc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse());        XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable);        mgr.AddNamespace("soap" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");        String RetXml = doc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*" , mgr).InnerXml;        doc2.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>");        AddDelaration(doc2);        return doc2;    }    private static string GetNamespace(String URL)    {        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(URL + "?WSDL");        SetWebRequest(request);        WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();        doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd());        sr.Close();        return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value;    }    private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable Pars , String XmlNs , String MethodName)    {        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();        doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>");        AddDelaration(doc);        XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap" , "Body" , "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/");        XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(MethodName);        soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns" , XmlNs);        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)        {            XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(k);            soapPar.InnerXml  = ObjectToSoapXml(Pars[k]);            soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar);        }        soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod);        doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody);        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml);    }    private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o)    {        XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());        MemoryStream ms=new MemoryStream();        mySerializer.Serialize(ms,o);        XmlDocument doc=new XmlDocument();        doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray()));        if(doc.DocumentElement !=null)        {            return  doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml ;        }        else        {            return o.ToString();        }    }    private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request)    {        request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;        request.Timeout = 10000;    }    private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request , byte[] data)    {        request.ContentLength = data.Length;        Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream();        writer.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);        writer.Close();    }    private static byte[] EncodePars(Hashtable Pars)    {        return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(ParsToString(Pars));    }    private static String ParsToString(Hashtable Pars)    {        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();        foreach (string k in Pars.Keys)        {            if (sb.Length > 0)            {                sb.Append("&");            }            sb.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(k) + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(Pars[k].ToString()));        }        return sb.ToString();    }    private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response)    {        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream() , Encoding.UTF8);        String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd();        sr.Close();        XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();        doc.LoadXml(retXml);        return doc;    }    private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc)    {        XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0" , "utf-8" , null);        doc.InsertBefore(decl , doc.DocumentElement);    }}這個類有三個公用的方法：QuerySoapWebService為通用的採用Soap方式調用WebService，QueryGetWebService採用GET方式調用，QueryPostWebService採用POST方式調用，後兩個方法需要WebService伺服器支援相應的調用方式。三個方法的參數和傳回值相同：URL為Webservice的Url地址(以.asmx結尾的)；MethodName為要調用的方法名稱；Pars為參數表，它的Key為參數名稱，Value為要傳遞的參數的值,Value可為任意對象，前提是這個對象可以被xml序列化。注意方法名稱、參數名稱、參數個數必須完全符合才能正確調用。第一次以Soap方式調用時，因為需要查詢WSDL擷取xmlns，因此需要時間相對長些，第二次調用不用再讀WSDL，直接從緩衝讀取。這三個方法的傳回值均為XmlDocument對象，這個返回的對象可以進行各種靈活的操作。最常用的一個SelectSingleNode方法，可以讓你一步定位到Xml的任何節點，再讀取它的文本或屬性。也可以直接調用Save儲存到磁碟。採用Soap方式調用時，根結點名稱固定為root。這個類主要是利用了WebRequest/WebResponse來完成各種網路查詢操作。為了精簡明了，這個類中沒有添加錯誤處理，需要在調用的地方設定異常捕獲。下面是一個調用執行個體：    protected void Page_Load(object sender , EventArgs e)    {        try        {            Hashtable pars = new Hashtable();            String Url = "http://www.260dns.cn/Services/Weather.asmx";            pars["city"] = "上海";            pars["wdate"]="2008-3-19";            XmlDocument doc = WebSvcCaller.QuerySoapWebService(Url , "GetWeather" , pars);            Response.Write(doc.OuterXml);        }        catch (Exception ex)        {            Response.Write(ex.Message);        }    }