這是一個建立於 的文章,其中的資訊可能已經有所發展或是發生改變。
WaitGroup的用途:它能夠一直等到所有的goroutine執行完成,並且阻塞主線程的執行,直到所有的goroutine執行完成。
官方對它的說明如下:
A WaitGroup waits for a collection of goroutines to finish. The main goroutine calls Add to set the number of goroutines to wait for. Then each of the goroutines runs and calls Done when finished. At the same time, Wait can be used to block until all goroutines have finished.
sync.WaitGroup只有3個方法,Add(),Done(),Wait()。
其中Done()是Add(-1)的別名。簡單的來說,使用Add()添加計數,Done()減掉一個計數,計數不為0, 阻塞Wait()的運行。
例子代碼如下:
同時開三個協程去請求網頁, 等三個請求都完成後才繼續 Wait 之後的工作。
var wg sync.WaitGroup
var urls = []string{
"http://www.golang.org/",
"http://www.google.com/",
"http://www.somestupidname.com/",
}
for _, url := range urls {
// Increment the WaitGroup counter.
wg.Add(1)
// Launch a goroutine to fetch the URL.
go func(url string) {
// Decrement the counter when the goroutine completes.
defer wg.Done()
// Fetch the URL.
http.Get(url)
}(url)
}
// Wait for all HTTP fetches to complete.
wg.Wait()
或者下面的測試代碼
用於測試 給chan發送 1千萬次,並接受1千萬次的效能。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
"time"
)
const (
num = 10000000
)
func main() {
TestFunc("testchan", TestChan)
}
func TestFunc(name string, f func()) {
st := time.Now().UnixNano()
f()
fmt.Printf("task %s cost %d \r\n", name, (time.Now().UnixNano()-st)/int64(time.Millisecond))
}
func TestChan() {
var wg sync.WaitGroup
c := make(chan string)
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
for _ = range c {
}
wg.Done()
}()
for i := 0; i < num; i++ {
c <- "123"
}
close(c)
wg.Wait()
}
參考:
http://www.liguosong.com/2014/05/06/golang-sync-waitgroup/