貪心演算法-找零錢（C#實現）

標籤：

找零錢這個問題很清楚，無非就是始終拿可以取的最大面值來找，最後就使得張數最小了，這個實現是在假設各種面值足夠多的情況下。

首先拖出一個介面來，最下面是一個listbox控制項

 

對應的代碼：問題比較簡單，有注釋

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace test
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void buttonOk_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (listMoney.Items.Count != 0)   //第二次計算就清空，便於重複計算
                listMoney.Items.Clear();

            var money = Exchange(Convert.ToDecimal(txtMoney.Text));


            foreach (var single in money)
            {
                if (single.Value != 0)
                {
                    string s = string.Format("{0}元---->{1}張 ", single.Key, single.Value);
                    listMoney.Items.Add(s);
                }
            }

        }
        Dictionary<decimal, int> GetInit()  //初始化字典
        {
            Dictionary<decimal, int> money = new Dictionary<decimal, int>();

            //key表示錢，value表示錢的張數
            money.Add(100.00M, 0);
            money.Add(50.00M, 0);
            money.Add(20.00M, 0);
            money.Add(10.00M, 0);
            money.Add(5.00M, 0);
            money.Add(2.00M, 0);
            money.Add(1.00M, 0);
            money.Add(0.50M, 0);
            money.Add(0.20M, 0);
            money.Add(0.10M, 0);

            return money;
        }

        Dictionary<decimal, int> Exchange(decimal num)
        {
            var money = GetInit();

            int i = 0;

            while (true)
            {
                if (num < 0.1M)
                {
                    if (num > 0.05M)
                    {
                        money[0.10M]++; //大於0.05的時候給顧客0.1.
                        return money;
                    }
                    else
                        return money;  //否則就算了
                }

                var max = money.Keys.ElementAt(i);  //取得面值

                if (num >= max)
                {
                    num = num - max;
                    money[max] ++;   //money的張數自增
                }
                else
                    i++;  //就去取下一張面值
            }
        }
    }
}

貪心演算法-找零錢（C#實現）