H3C 華為交換器簡單維護指令 SNMP USER

一、交換器簡單管理協議增加指令----以便接入華為的管理軟體中
snmp-agent
snmp-agent community read public
snmp-agent community write private
snmp-agent sys-info version v1 v3
snmp-agent trap enable
備忘：每台新增的交換器均需加入上述指令集合，否則不能為管理軟體所管理

二、將新增交換器的VLAN1段設定IP地址
interface vlan 1
ip address 10.63.0.1 255.255.254.0

三、華為交換器指令的相關案例

Quidway]super password                              修改特權使用者密碼
[Quidway]sysname                              交換器命名
[Quidway]interface ethernet 0/1                      進入介面視圖
[Quidway]interface vlan x                      進入X段VLAN介面視圖
[Quidway-Vlan-interfacex]ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0   為VLAN段設定地址
[Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.65.1.2   靜態路由＝網關

[Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3

[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]duplex {half|full|auto}         配置連接埠雙工工作狀態
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]speed {10|100|auto}         配置連接埠工作速率
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]flow-control               配置連接埠流控
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]mdi {across|auto|normal}        配置連接埠MDI/MDIX狀態平接或扭接
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port link-type {trunk|access|hybrid} 設定介面工作模式
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]shutdown              關閉/重起介面
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]quit                      退出系統檢視表

[Quidway]vlan 3                              建立/刪除一個VLAN/進入VLAN模式
[Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4     在當前VLAN增加/刪除乙太網路介面
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port access vlan 3              將當前介面加入到指定VLAN
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port trunk permit vlan {ID|All}       設trunk允許的VLAN
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port trunk pvid vlan 3      設定trunk連接埠的PVID

[Quidway]monitor-port <interface_type interface_num>         指定和清除鏡像連接埠
[Quidway]port mirror <interface_type interface_num>        指定和清除被鏡像連接埠
[Quidway]port mirror int_list observing-port int_type int_num 指定鏡像和被鏡像

[Quidway]description string                          指定VLAN描述字元
[Quidway]description                            刪除VLAN描述字元
[Quidway]display vlan [vlan_id]                      查看VLAN設定

[Quidway]stp {enable|disable}                        開啟/關閉產生樹,預設關閉
[Quidway]stp priority 4096                           設定交換器的優先順序
[Quidway]stp root {primary|secondary}                設定交換器為根或根的備份
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]stp cost 200                    設定交換器連接埠的花費

[SwitchA-vlanx]isolate-user-vlan enable              設定主vlan
[SwitchA]Isolate-user-vlan <x> secondary <list>      設定主vlan包括的子vlan
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid pvid vlan <id>      設定vlan的pvid
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid pvid                刪除vlan的pvid
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid vlan vlan_id_list untagged 設定無標識的vlan  
如果包的vlan id與PVId一致，則去掉vlan資訊. 預設PVID=1。
所以設定PVID為所屬vlan id, 設定可以互連的vlan為untagged.
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路由器命令
~~~~~~~~~~
[Quidway]display version                           顯示版本資訊
[Quidway]display current-configuration             顯示當前配置
[Quidway]display interfaces                        顯示介面資訊
[Quidway]display ip route                          顯示路由資訊

[Quidway]sysname aabbcc                            更改主機名稱
[Quidway]super passwrod 123456                     設定口令  
[Quidway]interface serial0                         進入介面
[Quidway-serial0]ip address <ip><mask>
[Quidway-serial0]undo shutdown                     啟用連接埠
[Quidway]link-protocol hdlc                        綁定hdlc協議
[Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]quit

[Quidway]debugging hdlc all serial0                顯示所有資訊
[Quidway]debugging hdlc event serial0              調試事件資訊
[Quidway]debugging hdlc packet serial0             顯示包的資訊

靜態路由：
[Quidway]ip route-static <ip><mask>{interface number|nexthop}[value][reject|blackhole]
例如：
[Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2
[Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
[Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2
[Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0   10.0.0.2

動態路由：
[Quidway]rip
[Quidway]rip work
[Quidway]rip input
[Quidway]rip output
[Quidway-rip]network 1.0.0.0                        ;可以all
[Quidway-rip]network 2.0.0.0
[Quidway-rip]peer ip-address
[Quidway-rip]summary
[Quidway]rip version 1
[Quidway]rip version 2 multicast
[Quidway-Ethernet0]rip split-horizon              ;水平分隔

[Quidway]router id A.B.C.D                        配置路由器的ID
[Quidway]ospf enable                              啟動OSPF協議
[Quidway-ospf]import-route direct                 引入直聯路由
[Quidway-Serial0]ospf enable area <area_id>       配置OSPF地區

標準訪問列表命令格式如下：
acl <acl-number> [match-order config|auto]        預設前者順序匹配。
rule [normal|special]{permit|deny} [source source-addr source-wildcard|any]
例：
[Quidway]acl 10
[Quidway-acl-10]rule normal permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[Quidway-acl-10]rule normal deny source any

擴充存取控制清單配置命令

配置TCP/UDP協議的擴充訪問列表：
rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}{tcp|udp}source {<ip wild>|any}destination <ip wild>|any}
[operate]

配置ICMP協議的擴充訪問列表：
rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}icmp source {<ip wild>|any]destination {<ip wild>|any]
[icmp-code] [logging]

擴充存取控制清單操作符的含義
equal portnumber        等於
greater-than portnumber        大於
less-than portnumber        小於
not-equal portnumber        不等
range portnumber1 portnumber2 區間

擴充存取控制清單舉例
[Quidway]acl 101
[Quidway-acl-101]rule deny souce any destination any
[Quidway-acl-101]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo
[Quidway-acl-101]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo-reply

[Quidway]acl 102
[Quidway-acl-102]rule permit ip source 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination 202.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[Quidway-acl-102]rule deny ip source any destination any

[Quidway]acl 103
[Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal ftp
[Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal www

[Quidway]firewall enable
[Quidway]firewall default permit|deny
[Quidway]int e0
[Quidway-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 101 inbound|outbound

地址轉換配置舉例
[Quidway]firewall enable
[Quidway]firewall default permit
[Quidway]acl 101
[Quidway-acl-101]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.4 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.1 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.2 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-101]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.3 0 destination any
[Quidway]acl 102
[Quidway-acl-102]rule permit tcp source 202.39.2.3 0 destination 202.38.160.1 0
[Quidway-acl-102]rule permit tcp source any destination 202.38.160.1 0 destination-port great-than
1024

[Quidway-Ethernet0]firewall packet-filter 101 inbound
[Quidway-Serial0]firewall packet-filter 102 inbound

[Quidway]nat address-group 202.38.160.101 202.38.160.103 pool1
[Quidway]acl 1
[Quidway-acl-1]rule permit source 10.110.10.0 0.0.0.255
[Quidway-acl-1]rule deny source any
[Quidway-acl-1]int serial 0
[Quidway-Serial0]nat outbound 1 address-group pool1

[Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.101 inside 10.110.10.1 ftp tcp
[Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 inside 10.110.10.2 www tcp
[Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 8080 inside 10.110.10.3 www tcp
[Quidway-Serial0]nat server global 202.38.160.103 inside 10.110.10.4 smtp udp

PPP驗證：
主驗方：pap|chap
[Quidway]local-user u2 password {simple|cipher} aaa
[Quidway]interface serial 0
[Quidway-serial0]ppp authentication-mode {pap|chap}
[Quidway-serial0]ppp chap user u1         //pap時，不用此句

pap被驗方：
[Quidway]interface serial 0
[Quidway-serial0]ppp pap local-user u2 password {simple|cipher} aaa

chap被驗方：
[Quidway]interface serial 0
[Quidway-serial0]ppp chap user u1        
[Quidway-serial0]local-user u2 password {simple|cipher} aaa