MySQL管理多個執行個體的方法

MySQL管理多個執行個體的方法

MySQL運行多執行個體有2種方法，第一種是使用多個設定檔啟動不同的進程來實現多執行個體;第二種是通過mysqld_multi使用單獨的設定檔來實現多執行個體

環境準備：

作業系統：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)

MySQL版本：mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

要運行多執行個體，首先安裝MySQL軟體，安裝方法參考之前的博文：MySQL安裝，安裝好MySQL軟體之後，下面分別建立連接埠分別為3306,3307,3308，3309的多執行個體，無論使用哪種方式來管理多執行個體，都是需要初始化多個資料庫的

一、使用多個設定檔來管理多執行個體

1、建立各執行個體的設定檔

# mkdir /data/mysql/conf/ -p

# cd /data/mysql/conf/

# vim my_3306.cnf

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
 
[mysql]
prompt="\\u@\\h:\p  \\R:\\m:\\s [\\d]>"
#tee=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/query.log
no-auto-rehash
 
 
[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock
event_scheduler = 0
 
#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300
 
#character set
character-set-server = utf8
 
open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 100
max_connect_errors = 100000
 
skip-name-resolve = 1
#logs
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log-error = error.log
log_warnings = 2
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1
 
 
#binlog
binlog_format = row
server-id = 883306
log-bin =mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 4M
max_binlog_size = 1G
max_binlog_cache_size = 2G
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 10
 
#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 1G
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
log_slave_updates
#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062
 
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 256
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M
 
#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
#myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 100M
 
myisam_repair_threads = 1
 
#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_log_file_size = 500M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_status_file = 1
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

連接埠3307,3308,3309的MySQL執行個體的設定檔和連接埠3306的設定檔相似，只需要替換連接埠即可

# cp  my_3306.cnf  my_3307.cnf

# cp  my_3306.cnf  my_3308.cnf

# cp  my_3306.cnf  my_3309.cnf

# sed  -i  's/3306/3307/g'  my_3307.cnf

# sed  -i  's/3306/3308/g'  my_3308.cnf

# sed  -i  's/3306/3309/g'  my_3309.cnf

# chown mysq.mysql /data/mysql/conf -R

2、初始化資料庫

# cd /usr/local/mysql

# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3306.cn  --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/

# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3307.cn  --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3307/

# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3308.cn  --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3308/

# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3309.cn  --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3309/

3、啟動資料庫

# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf &

# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3307.cnf &

# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3308.cnf &

# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3309.cnf &

觀察MySQL進程

# ps -ef | grep mysqld

root      15873  12043  0 09:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf

mysql    16773  15873  0 09:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3306 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql_3306.sock --port=3306

root      16875  12043  0 09:56 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3307.cnf

mysql    17775  16875  2 09:56 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3307.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3307 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3307/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3307/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql_3307.sock --port=3307

root      17800  12043  0 09:56 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3308.cnf

mysql    18700  17800  7 09:56 pts/0    00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3308.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3308 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3308/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3308/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql_3308.sock --port=3308

root      18723  12043  0 09:56 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3309.cnf

mysql    19623  18723  7 09:56 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql/conf/my_3309.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/mysql_3309 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql_3309/error.log --open-files-limit=65535 --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql_3309/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql_3309.sock --port=3309

登入MySQL資料

# mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3306.sock

# mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock

# mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3308.sock

# mysql -S /tmp/mysql_3309.sock

4、關閉MySQL進程

mysqladmin shutdown -S /tmp/mysql_3306.sock

mysqladmin shutdown -S /tmp/mysql_3307.sock

mysqladmin shutdown -S /tmp/mysql_3308.sock

mysqladmin shutdown -S /tmp/mysql_3309.sock

 

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