這裡我來示範下在POSTGRESQL裡面如何?交叉表的展示,至於什麼是交叉表,我就不多說了,度娘去哦。
原始表資料如下:
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t_girl=# select * from score;
name | subject | score
-------+---------+-------
Lucy | English | 100
Lucy | Physics | 90
Lucy | Math | 85
Lily | English | 95
Lily | Physics | 81
Lily | Math | 84
David | English | 100
David | Physics | 86
David | Math | 89
Simon | English | 90
Simon | Physics | 76
Simon | Math | 79
(12 rows)
Time: 2.066 ms
想要實現以下的結果:
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name | English | Physics | Math
-------+---------+---------+------
Simon | 90 | 76 | 79
Lucy | 100 | 90 | 85
Lily | 95 | 81 | 84
David | 100 | 86 | 89
大致有以下幾種方法:
1、用標準SQL展現出來
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t_girl=# select name,
t_girl-# sum(case when subject = 'English' then score else 0 end) as "English",
t_girl-# sum(case when subject = 'Physics' then score else 0 end) as "Physics",
t_girl-# sum(case when subject = 'Math' then score else 0 end) as "Math"
t_girl-# from score
t_girl-# group by name order by name desc;
name | English | Physics | Math
-------+---------+---------+------
Simon | 90 | 76 | 79
Lucy | 100 | 90 | 85
Lily | 95 | 81 | 84
David | 100 | 86 | 89
(4 rows)
Time: 1.123 ms
2、用PostgreSQL 提供的第三方擴充 tablefunc 帶來的函數實現
以下函數crosstab 裡面的SQL必須有三個欄位,name, 分類以及分類值來作為起始參數,必須以name,分類值作為輸出參數。
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t_girl=# SELECT *
FROM crosstab('select name,subject,score from score order by name desc',$$values ('English'::text),('Physics'::text),('Math'::text)$$)
AS score(name text, English int, Physics int, Math int);
name | english | physics | math
-------+---------+---------+------
Simon | 90 | 76 | 79
Lucy | 100 | 90 | 85
Lily | 95 | 81 | 84
David | 100 | 86 | 89
(4 rows)
Time: 2.059 ms
3、用PostgreSQL 自身的彙總函式實現
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t_girl=# select name,split_part(split_part(tmp,',',1),':',2) as "English",
t_girl-# split_part(split_part(tmp,',',2),':',2) as "Physics",
t_girl-# split_part(split_part(tmp,',',3),':',2) as "Math"
t_girl-# from
t_girl-# (
t_girl(# select name,string_agg(subject||':'||score,',') as tmp from score group by name order by name desc
t_girl(# ) as T;
name | English | Physics | Math
-------+---------+---------+------
Simon | 90 | 76 | 79
Lucy | 100 | 90 | 85
Lily | 95 | 81 | 84
David | 100 | 86 | 89
(4 rows)
Time: 2.396 ms
4、 儲存函數實現
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create or replace function func_ytt_crosstab_py ()
returns setof ytt_crosstab
as
$ytt$
for row in plpy.cursor("select name,string_agg(subject||':'||score,',') as tmp from score group by name order by name desc"):
a = row['tmp'].split(',')
yield (row['name'],a[0].split(':')[1],a[1].split(':')[1],a[2].split(':')[1])
$ytt$ language plpythonu;
t_girl=# select name,english,physics,math from func_ytt_crosstab_py();
name | english | physics | math
-------+---------+---------+------
Simon | 90 | 76 | 79
Lucy | 100 | 90 | 85
Lily | 95 | 81 | 84
David | 100 | 86 | 89
(4 rows)
Time: 2.687 ms
5、 用PLPGSQL來實現
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t_girl=# create type ytt_crosstab as (name text, English text, Physics text, Math text);
CREATE TYPE
Time: 22.518 ms
create or replace function func_ytt_crosstab ()
returns setof ytt_crosstab
as
$ytt$
declare v_name text := '';
v_english text := '';
v_physics text := '';
v_math text := '';
v_tmp_result text := '';
declare cs1 cursor for select name,string_agg(subject||':'||score,',') from score group by name order by name desc;
begin
open cs1;
loop
fetch cs1 into v_name,v_tmp_result;
exit when not found;
v_english = split_part(split_part(v_tmp_result,',',1),':',2);
v_physics = split_part(split_part(v_tmp_result,',',2),':',2);
v_math = split_part(split_part(v_tmp_result,',',3),':',2);
return query select v_name,v_english,v_physics,v_math;
end loop;
end;
$ytt$ language plpgsql;
t_girl=# select name,English,Physics,Math from func_ytt_crosstab();
name | english | physics | math
-------+---------+---------+------
Simon | 90 | 76 | 79
Lucy | 100 | 90 | 85
Lily | 95 | 81 | 84
David | 100 | 86 | 89
(4 rows)
Time: 2.127 ms