GUID是一個128位長的數字,一般用16進位表示。演算法的核心思想是結合機器的網卡、當地時間、一個隨機數來產生GUID。從理論上講,如果一台機器每秒產生10000000個GUID,則可以保證(機率意義上)3240年不重複。
UUID是1.5中新增的一個類,在java.util下,用它可以產生一個號稱全球唯一的ID
import java.util.UUID;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
System.out.println (uuid);
}
}
編譯運行輸出:
07ca3dec-b674-41d0-af9e-9c37583b08bb
兩種方式產生guid 與uuid
需要comm log 庫
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomGUID extends Object {
protected final org.apache.commons.logging.Log logger = org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory
.getLog(getClass());
public String valueBeforeMD5 = "";
public String valueAfterMD5 = "";
private static Random myRand;
private static SecureRandom mySecureRand;
private static String s_id;
private static final int PAD_BELOW = 0x10;
private static final int TWO_BYTES = 0xFF;
static {
mySecureRand = new SecureRandom();
long secureInitializer = mySecureRand.nextLong();
myRand = new Random(secureInitializer);
try {
s_id = InetAddress.getLocalHost().toString();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public RandomGUID() {
getRandomGUID(false);
}
public RandomGUID(boolean secure) {
getRandomGUID(secure);
}
private void getRandomGUID(boolean secure) {
MessageDigest md5 = null;
StringBuffer sbValueBeforeMD5 = new StringBuffer(128);
try {
md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
logger.error("Error: " + e);
}
try {
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
long rand = 0;
if (secure) {
rand = mySecureRand.nextLong();
} else {
rand = myRand.nextLong();
}
sbValueBeforeMD5.append(s_id);
sbValueBeforeMD5.append(":");
sbValueBeforeMD5.append(Long.toString(time));
sbValueBeforeMD5.append(":");
sbValueBeforeMD5.append(Long.toString(rand));
valueBeforeMD5 = sbValueBeforeMD5.toString();
md5.update(valueBeforeMD5.getBytes());
byte[] array = md5.digest();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(32);
for (int j = 0; j < array.length; ++j) {
int b = array[j] & TWO_BYTES;
if (b < PAD_BELOW)
sb.append('0');
sb.append(Integer.toHexString(b));
}
valueAfterMD5 = sb.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Error:" + e);
}
}
public String toString() {
String raw = valueAfterMD5.toUpperCase();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(64);
sb.append(raw.substring(0, 8));
sb.append("-");
sb.append(raw.substring(8, 12));
sb.append("-");
sb.append(raw.substring(12, 16));
sb.append("-");
sb.append(raw.substring(16, 20));
sb.append("-");
sb.append(raw.substring(20));
return sb.toString();
}
// Demonstraton and self test of class
public static void main(String args[]) {
for (int i=0; i< 100; i++) {
RandomGUID myGUID = new RandomGUID();
System.out.println("Seeding String=" + myGUID.valueBeforeMD5);
System.out.println("rawGUID=" + myGUID.valueAfterMD5);
System.out.println("RandomGUID=" + myGUID.toString());
}
}
}
同樣
UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
System.out.println("{"+uuid.toString()+"}");
UUID是指在一台機器上產生的數字,它保證對在同一時空中的所有機器都是唯一的。通常平台會提供產生UUID的API。UUID按照開放軟體基金會(OSF)制定的標準計算,用到了乙太網路卡地址、納秒級時間、晶片ID碼和許多可能的數字。由以下幾部分的組合:當前日期和時間(UUID的第一個部分與時間有關,如果你在產生一個UUID之後,過幾秒又產生一個UUID,則第一個部分不同,其餘相同),時鐘序列,全域唯一的IEEE機器識別號(如果有網卡,從網卡獲得,沒有網卡以其他方式獲得),UUID的唯一缺陷在於產生的結果串會比較長。關於UUID這個標準使用最普遍的是微軟的GUID(Globals Unique Identifiers)。
#java專欄