In-App Purchase----（二) ---- Designing Your App’s Products

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Designing Your App’s Products

A product is something you want to sell in your app’s store. You create and configure products in iTunes Connect, and your app interacts with products using the SKProduct and SKProductsRequest classes.

產品是你想要在市集裡出售的東西。 你在iTunes Connect裡建立和配置產品，然後你的應用程式使用SKProduct 和SKProctsRequest 類跟產品互動。

Understanding What You Can Sell Using In-App Purchase

一、瞭解什麼產品你可以使用內建購買出售

You can use In-App Purchase to sell content, app functionality, and services.

你可以使用內建購買出售內容，應用功能和服務。

• Content. Deliver digital content or assets, such as magazines, photos, and artwork. Content can also be used by the app itself—for example, additional characters and levels in a game, filters in a camera app, and stationery in a word processor.

  內容。傳遞數字內容或資產,比如雜誌，相片和藝術品。 內容還可以被應用自己使用--比如，遊戲中額外的角色和關卡，一個照相機應用的濾鏡以及一個文本處理器的文具(stationery)。

• App functionality. Unlock behavior and expand features you’ve already delivered. Examples include a free game that offers multiplayer mode as an in-app purchase and a free weather app that lets users make a one-time purchase to remove ads.

  應用功能。解鎖你已經傳遞的行為和擴充功能。 比如一個免費遊戲中提供一個多人模式作為一個內建購買產品，以及一個免費的天氣應用提供一個內建購買讓使用者移除廣告。

• Services. Have users pay for one-time services such as voice transcription and for ongoing services such as access to a collection of data.

  服務。使用者支付一次性服務比如聲音的轉錄，使用者支付長期服務比如訪問一個資料集。

You can’t use In-App Purchase to sell real-world goods and services or to sell unsuitable content.

你不能用內建購買出售真實世界物品和服務或者出售不恰當的內容。

• Real-world goods and services. You must deliver a digital good or service within your app when using In-App Purchase. Use a different payment mechanism to let your users buy real-world goods and services in your app, such as a credit card or payment service.

  真實世界物品和服務。當你使用內建購買時，你必須在應用程式裡傳遞一個數字物品或服務。 使用一個不同的支付機制讓你的使用者在應用中購買真實世界物品和服務，比如信用卡或支付服務。

• Unsuitable content. Don’t use In-App Purchase to sell content that the isn’t allowed by the App Review Guidelines—for example, pornography, hate speech, or defamation.

  不恰當的內容。 不要使用內建購買來出售應用程式審核標準禁止的內容---比如，色情，仇恨言論或者誹謗。

For detailed information about what you can offer using In-App Purchase, see your license agreement and the App Review Guidelines. Reviewing the guidelines carefully before you start coding helps you avoid delays and rejection during the review process. If the guidelines don’t address your case in sufficient detail, you can ask the App Review team specific questions using the online contact form.

更多關於使用內建購買可以提供的內容，請看 your license agreement and the App Review Guidelines. 在開始編碼之前仔細閱讀審核指南可以幫你免除審核過程中德延遲和拒絕。 如果指南不涉及你需要的細節，你可以使用 online contact form 詢問應用審核團隊特定的問題。

After you know what products you want to sell in your app and determine that In-App Purchase is the appropriate way to sell those products, you need to create the products in iTunes Connect.

當你知道你想要在應用程式中出售什麼並確定內建購買時出售那些產品的恰當方式後，你需要在iTunes Connect中建立產品。

Creating Products in iTunes Connect

二、在iTunes Connect中建立產品

Before you start coding, you need to configure products in iTunes Connect for your app to interact with. As you develop your app, you can add and remove products and refine or reconfigure your existing products.

在開始編碼之前，你需要在iTunes Connect 中為你的應用程式配置與之互動的產品。 當你開發應用程式時，你可以添加和刪除產品以及改進或重新設定你現有的產品。

Every product is associated with a specific app. Products created for use by one app are not available in other apps. Companion apps on a different platform are different apps—the products of the Mac app are not available in the iOS app and vice versa.

每個產品都跟一個特定的應用程式相關聯。 一個產品只對應一個應用程式，它不能被別的應用程式使用。在不同平台上的兄弟應用是不同的應用程式--Mac應用程式的產品在iOS等中是無法工作的。

Products are reviewed when you submit your app as part of the app review process. Before users can buy a product, it must be approved by the reviewer and you must mark it as “cleared for sale” in iTunes Connect.

當你遞交應用時，產品會作為應用審核的一部分進行審核。 在使用者可以購買一個產品之前，它必須通過審核並在iTunes Connect中標記為“cleared for sale”。

For step-be-step information about working with products in iTunes Connect, In-App Purchase Configuration Guide for iTunes Connect.

關於跟iTunes Connect中產品合作的更多資訊，請看In-App Purchase Configuration Guide for iTunes Connect.

Product Types

三、產品類型

Product types let you use In-App Purchase in a range of apps by providing several different product behaviors. In iTunes Connect, you select one of the following product types:

產品類型通過提供一些不同的產品行為，讓你在特定的應用程式範圍內使用內建購買。 在iTunes Connect中，你可以選擇以下產品類型：

• Consumable products. Items that get used up over the course of running your app. Examples include minutes for a Voice over IP app and one-time services such as voice transcription.

  耗材產品。應用程式運行過程中會耗盡的產品。 比如，包括一個幾分鐘的IP語音應用和一次性服務比如錄音。

• Non-consumable products. Items that remain available to the user indefinitely on all of the user’s devices. They’re made available to all of the user’s devices. Examples include content, such as books and game levels, and additional app functionality.

  非耗材產品。 所有使用者裝置上都能一直保持可用狀態的產品。它們對於使用者的所有裝置都一樣可用。例子包括內容，比如書和遊戲關卡，以及更多地應用功能。

• Auto-renewable subscriptions. Episodic content. Like non-consumable products, auto-renewable subscriptions remain available to the user indefinitely on all of the user’s devices. Unlike non-consumable products, auto-renewable subscriptions have an expiration date. You deliver new content regularly, and users get access to content published during the time period their subscription is active. When an auto-renewable subscription is about to expire, the system automatically renews it on the user’s behalf.

   自動再生訂閱。 章節內容， 就像非耗材產品，自動再生訂閱在使用者裝置上也是永久可用。不同於非耗材產品的是，自動再生訂閱它有到期時間。 你定期傳遞新的內容，使用者在它們的訂閱有效期間可以訪問出版的內容。當一個自動再生訂閱就要到期時，系統自動以使用者的名義續訂它。

• Non-renewable subscriptions. Subscriptions that don’t involve delivering episodic content. Examples include access to a database of historic photos or a collection of flight maps. It’s your app’s responsibility to make the subscription available on all of the user’s devices and to let users restore the purchase. This product type is often used when your users already have an account on your server that you can use to identify them when restoring content. Expiration and the duration of the subscription are also left to your app (or your server) to implement and enforce.

   非再生訂閱。 不涉及傳遞章節內容的訂閱。例子包括訪問一個曆史照片的資料庫或者一個航班表。 你有責任讓訂閱在所有使用者的裝置都可用，並且讓使用者恢複購買。 該產品類型通常在使用者已經在你的伺服器上有一個帳號，你可以在使用者恢複內容時用它認證他們。 到期和認購時間也保留在你的應用(或伺服器)中以供實現和執行。

• Free subscriptions. A way to put free subscription content in Newsstand. After a user signs up for a free subscription, the content is available on all devices associated with the user’s Apple ID. Free subscriptions don’t expire and can be offered only in Newsstand-enabled apps.

   免費訂閱。 一種在報刊雜誌中投放免費訂閱的方法。 當使用者註冊了一個免費訂閱後，訂閱內容在使用者的Apple ID相關的所有裝置中都是可用的。 免費訂閱不會到期，只能在開啟報刊雜誌的應用中提供。

Differences Between Product Types

四、產品類型之間的區別

Each product type is designed for a particular use. The behavior of different product types varies in certain ways, as summarized in Table 1-1 and Table 1-2.

每個產品類型被設計用於特定用途。不同產品類型的行為在特定方式中會發生變化，如表格1-1，1-2中所述。

Table 1-1  Comparison of product types

Product type	Non-consumable	Consumable
Users can buy	Once	Multiple times
Appears in the receipt	Always	Once
Synced across devices 跨裝置同步	By the system	Not synced
Restored	By the system	Not restored

Table 1-2  Comparison of subscription types

Subscription type	Auto-renewable	Non-renewing	Free
Users can buy	Multiple times	Multiple times	Once
Appears in the receipt	Always	Once	Always
Synced across devices	By the system	By your app	By the system
Restored	By the system	By your app	By the system

Products that expire or get used up—consumable products, auto-renewable subscriptions, and non-renewing subscriptions—can be purchased multiple times to get the consumable item again or extend the subscription. Non-consumable products and free subscriptions unlock content that remains available to the user indefinitely, so these can only be purchased once.

到期或耗盡產品--耗材產品，自動再生訂閱以及非再生訂閱--可以多次購買以再次擷取耗材產品或者續訂。 非耗材產品和免費訂閱會永久的讓產品保持有用，所以它們只需購買一次。

Consumable products and non-renewing subscriptions appear in the receipt after being purchased but are removed the next time the receipt is updated, as discussed in more detail in “Persisting Using the App Receipt.” All other types of products have an entry in the receipt that isn’t removed.

耗材產品和非再生訂閱在購買了之後在收入(receipt)那出現，但是它們將在收入被更新時被刪除，更多詳情請看“Persisting Using the App Receipt.”  剩餘產品類型在receipt那都有一個條目(entry)並且不會被刪除。

Consumable products, by their nature, aren’t synced or restored. Users understand that, for example, buying ten more bubbles on their iPhone doesn’t also give them ten more bubbles on their iPad. All other types of products are made available across all of the user’s devices. They’re also restored so users can continue to access their purchased content even after buying a new device. Store Kit handles the syncing and restoring process for auto-renewable and free subscriptions and for non-consumable products.

耗材產品，通常不同步或不能恢複。就是說，在iPhone上購買了10個氣球，並不表示iPad也得給它們10個氣球。所有其它產品類型都可以跨平台使用。 它們還可以恢複，所以使用者可以繼續訪問它們購買的內容，即使它換了一個新裝置。 商店Kit處理同步，為自動再生，免費訂閱和非耗材產品處理恢複。 

Non-renewing subscriptions differ from auto-renewable subscriptions in a few key ways. These differences give your app the flexibility to implement the correct behavior for your needs, as follows:

非再生訂閱與自動再生訂閱在一些關鍵方法上有所不同。這些不同讓你的應用可以靈活地根據需要實現正確的行為，如下：

• Your app is responsible for calculating the time period that the subscription is active and determining what content needs to be made available to the user.

   應用程式負責計算訂閱有效時間並且決定什麼內容需要開放給使用者。

• Your app is responsible for detecting that a subscription is approaching its expiration date and prompting the user to renew the subscription by purchasing the product again.

  應用程式負責偵測訂閱即將到期，提醒使用者再次購買產品來更新訂閱。

• Your app is responsible for making subscriptions available across all the user’s devices after they’re purchased and for letting users restore past purchases. For example, most subscriptions are provided by a server; your server would need some mechanism to identify users and associate subscription purchases with the user who purchased them.

   應用程式負責使用者購買成功後讓訂閱能夠跨平台使用，並且讓使用者恢複過去的購買記錄。 比如，大多數訂閱都有一個伺服器提供；你得伺服器將需要一些機制來認證使用者並把購買的訂閱跟使用者關聯到一起。

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