MongoDB之Linux通用二進位包安裝

MongoDB之Linux通用二進位包安裝

MongoDB是開來源文件資料庫，提供共效能、高可用、自動擴充等。MongoDB中記錄是文檔，其是欄位和值組成的對結構。MongoDB文檔類似JSON對象，欄位的值可以包含其它文檔、數組、文檔的數組。記錄組織成collection，相當於表。參考：

使用文檔的優點是：
文檔對應很多程式設計語言的內生資料對象
內嵌文檔和數組減少了join的開銷
動態schema支援順暢多態

關鍵功能：
高效能：
mongodb提供高效能資料持久。特別是：
  支援內嵌資料模型減少了資料庫系統的I/O
  索引支援快速查詢且內嵌文檔和數組可以包含鍵

高可用：
mongodb提供高可用的是replica sets
  自動失敗切換
  資料冗餘
replica set是一組mongodb伺服器，它們維護這同一個資料集，提供冗餘，增加資料可用性。

自動水平擴充：
水平擴充是mongodb的核心功能。
    在叢集上自動共用分布式資料
    replica sets能為低延遲，高輸送量的應用提供最終一致性讀。

安裝：

0
環境
[root@host2 ~]# uname -a
Linux host2 2.6.32-504.3.3.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 01:55:02 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@host2 ~]# cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

1
下載：
curl -O http://downloads.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7.tgz

2
[root@bkjia mongodb]# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7.tgz
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/README
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/GNU-AGPL-3.0
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongodump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongorestore
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongoexport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongoimport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongostat
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongotop
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongooplog
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongofiles
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/bsondump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongoperf
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongos
mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7/bin/mongo
[root@bkjia mongodb]#

3
拷貝的規劃的檔案夾
[root@bkjia mongodb]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.7 /opt/mongodb

4
配置環境變數
[root@bkjia ~]# vi .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:/opt/mongodb/bin

5
資料所在檔案夾
[root@bkjia mongodb]# mkdir dbdata

6
使使用者 mongod可以讀寫資料所在檔案夾
[root@bkjia mongodb]# useradd -r mongod
[root@bkjia mongodb]# chown mongod:mongod dbdata/

7
啟動
[root@bkjia mongodb]# mongod --dbpath dbdata
2015-02-13T17:56:23.704+0800 [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=2035 port=27017 dbpath=dbdata 64-bit host=bkjia
2015-02-13T17:56:23.708+0800 [initandlisten] db version v2.6.7
2015-02-13T17:56:23.708+0800 [initandlisten] git version: a7d57ad27c382de82e9cb93bf983a80fd9ac9899
2015-02-13T17:56:23.708+0800 [initandlisten] build info: Linux build7.nj1.10gen.cc 2.6.32-431.3.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jan 3 21:39:27 UTC 2014 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49
2015-02-13T17:56:23.708+0800 [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2015-02-13T17:56:23.708+0800 [initandlisten] options: { storage: { dbPath: "dbdata" } }
2015-02-13T17:56:23.738+0800 [initandlisten] journal dir=dbdata/journal
2015-02-13T17:56:23.741+0800 [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed
2015-02-13T17:56:24.520+0800 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 13.46
2015-02-13T17:56:25.273+0800 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 12.5
2015-02-13T17:56:27.166+0800 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 8.76
2015-02-13T17:56:27.166+0800 [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster check took 3.423 secs
2015-02-13T17:56:27.167+0800 [initandlisten] preallocating a journal file dbdata/journal/prealloc.0
2015-02-13T17:56:30.089+0800 [initandlisten]        File Preallocator Progress: 891289600/1073741824    83%
2015-02-13T17:56:31.216+0800 [initandlisten] preallocating a journal file dbdata/journal/prealloc.1
2015-02-13T17:56:34.070+0800 [initandlisten]        File Preallocator Progress: 629145600/1073741824    58%
2015-02-13T17:56:35.779+0800 [initandlisten] preallocating a journal file dbdata/journal/prealloc.2
2015-02-13T17:56:38.054+0800 [initandlisten]        File Preallocator Progress: 859832320/1073741824    80%
2015-02-13T17:56:39.630+0800 [initandlisten] allocating new ns file dbdata/local.ns, filling with zeroes...
2015-02-13T17:56:39.762+0800 [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile dbdata/local.0, filling with zeroes...
2015-02-13T17:56:39.763+0800 [FileAllocator] creating directory dbdata/_tmp
2015-02-13T17:56:39.797+0800 [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile dbdata/local.0, size: 64MB,  took 0.002 secs
2015-02-13T17:56:39.832+0800 [initandlisten] build index on: local.startup_log properties: { v: 1, key: { _id: 1 }, name: "_id_", ns: "local.startup_log" }
2015-02-13T17:56:39.855+0800 [initandlisten]      added index to empty collection
2015-02-13T17:56:39.894+0800 [initandlisten] command local.$cmd command: create { create: "startup_log", size: 10485760, capped: true } ntoreturn:1 keyUpdates:0 numYields:0  reslen:37 281ms
2015-02-13T17:56:39.897+0800 [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

8
串連，簡單使用
[root@bkjia ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 2.6.7
connecting to: test
#查看當前資料庫
> db
test
#切到資料庫 mydb
> use mydb
switched to db mydb
> db
mydb
#用javascript建立兩個文檔
> j = { name : "mongo" }
{ "name" : "mongo" }
> k = { x : 3 }
{ "x" : 3 }
#建立mydb資料庫和testdata collection
> db.testdata.insert(j)
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.testdata.insert(k);
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show collections
system.indexes
testdata
> db.testdata.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd717d692cfe0bd20d983"), "name" : "mongo" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd728d692cfe0bd20d984"), "x" : 3 }
>
>
> show dbs
admin  (empty)
local  0.078GB
mydb  0.078GB
>
> use hahadb
switched to db hahadb
> show dbs
admin  (empty)
local  0.078GB
mydb  0.078GB
> db
hahadb
> j = { name : "mongo" }
{ "name" : "mongo" }
> show dbs
admin  (empty)
local  0.078GB
mydb  0.078GB
> db.testdata.insert(j)
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> show dbs
admin  (empty)
hahadb  0.078GB
local  0.078GB
mydb    0.078GB
>
> use mydb
switched to db mydb
> show collections
system.indexes
testdata
>
>  db.testdata.insert(j)
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.testdata.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd717d692cfe0bd20d983"), "name" : "mongo" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd728d692cfe0bd20d984"), "x" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddda64d692cfe0bd20d986"), "name" : "mongo" }
> db.testdata.insert(k)
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
>
>
> db.testdata.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd717d692cfe0bd20d983"), "name" : "mongo" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd728d692cfe0bd20d984"), "x" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddda64d692cfe0bd20d986"), "name" : "mongo" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddda7dd692cfe0bd20d987"), "x" : 3 }
>
> db.testdata.find({x:3})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddd728d692cfe0bd20d984"), "x" : 3 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("54ddda7dd692cfe0bd20d987"), "x" : 3 }
>
>
> exit;
[root@bkjia ~]#

參考：

docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-linux/

CentOS 6 使用 yum 安裝MongoDB及伺服器端配置

Ubuntu 13.04下安裝MongoDB2.4.3

MongoDB入門必讀(概念與實戰並重)

Ubunu 14.04下MongoDB的安裝指南

《MongoDB 權威指南》(MongoDB: The Definitive Guide)英文文字版[PDF]

Nagios監控MongoDB分區叢集服務實戰

基於CentOS 6.5作業系統搭建MongoDB服務

MongoDB 的詳細介紹：請點這裡
MongoDB 的：請點這裡

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