Linux下MemCached安裝及c#用戶端調用

一、Linux下MemCached安裝和啟動

如果是centos可以yum安裝

# yum install libevent-devel

如果不支援yum的系統，可以這樣裝libevent

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-1.4.12-stable.tar.gz
# tar vxf libevent-1.4.12-stable.tar.gz
# cd libevent-1.4.12
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
# make && make install

繼續安裝memcached

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://cloud.github.com/downloads/saberma/saberma.github.com/memcached-1.4.4.tar.gz
# tar vxf memcached-1.4.4.tar.gz
# cd memcached-1.4.4
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached
# make && make install

 

安裝完後啟動memcached並分配1024m記憶體

/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 1024 –l 10.32.33.120 -p 11211 -u root

-d選項是啟動一個守護進程，
-m是分配給Memcache使用的記憶體數量，單位是MB，我這裡是10MB，
-u是運行Memcache的使用者，我這裡是root，
-l是監聽的伺服器IP地址，如果有多個地址的話，我這裡指定了伺服器的IP地址10.32.33.120，
-p是設定Memcache監聽的連接埠，我這裡設定了12000，最好是1024以上的連接埠，
-c選項是最大啟動並執行並發串連數，預設是1024，我這裡設定了256，按照你伺服器的負載量來設定，
-P是設定儲存Memcache的pid檔案，我這裡是儲存在 /tmp/memcached.pid，

將memcached加入啟動項

# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

在最後加入

/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 1024 –l 10.32.33.120 -p 11211 -u root

按Esc鍵，再輸入

：wq

儲存退出

 

查看是否啟動memcached

擷取運行狀態：echo stats | nc 10.32.33.120 11211(可以查看出pid) 或使用ps -ef|grep memcached

如果要結束Memcache進程，執行：

# kill `cat /tmp/memcached.pid`

也可以

#kill –9 進程號

二、串連到 memcached

串連到 memcached：
telnet ip 連接埠，如telnet 10.32.33.120 11211
stats查看狀態，flush_all:清楚緩衝
查看memcached狀態的基本命令，通過這個命令可以看到如下資訊：
STAT pid 22459 進程ID
STAT uptime 1027046 伺服器運行秒數
STAT time 1273043062 伺服器當前unix時間戳記
STAT version 1.4.4 伺服器版本
STAT pointer_size 64 作業系統字大小(這台伺服器是64位的)
STAT rusage_user 0.040000 進程累計使用者時間
STAT rusage_system 0.260000 進程累計系統時間
STAT curr_connections 10 當前開啟串連數
STAT total_connections 82 曾開啟的串連總數
STAT connection_structures 13 伺服器分配的串連結構數
STAT cmd_get 54 執行get命令總數
STAT cmd_set 34 執行set命令總數
STAT cmd_flush 3 指向flush_all命令總數
STAT get_hits 9 get叫用次數
STAT get_misses 45 get未叫用次數
STAT delete_misses 5 delete未叫用次數
STAT delete_hits 1 delete叫用次數
STAT incr_misses 0 incr未叫用次數
STAT incr_hits 0 incr叫用次數
STAT decr_misses 0 decr未叫用次數
STAT decr_hits 0 decr叫用次數
STAT cas_misses 0 cas未叫用次數
STAT cas_hits 0 cas叫用次數
STAT cas_badval 0 使用擦拭次數
STAT auth_cmds 0
STAT auth_errors 0
STAT bytes_read 15785 讀取位元組總數
STAT bytes_written 15222 寫入位元組總數
STAT limit_maxbytes 1048576 分配的記憶體數（位元組）
STAT accepting_conns 1 目前接受的連結數
STAT listen_disabled_num 0
STAT threads 4 線程數
STAT conn_yields 0
STAT bytes 0 儲存item位元組數
STAT curr_items 0 item個數
STAT total_items 34 item總數
STAT evictions 0 為擷取空間刪除item的總數

三、c#調用

MemCache管理操作類,MemCachedManager.cs檔案：

 

using System;using System.Collections;using System.Data;using System.Data.Common;using System.IO;using Memcached.ClientLibrary;namespace Plugin.Cache{    /// <summary>    /// MemCache管理操作類    /// </summary>    public sealed class MemCachedManager    {        #region 靜態方法和屬性        private static MemcachedClient mc = null;        private static SockIOPool pool = null;        private static string[] serverList = null;        private static MemCachedConfigInfo memCachedConfigInfo = MemCachedConfig.GetConfig();         #endregion        static MemCachedManager()        {            CreateManager();        }        private static void CreateManager()        {            serverList = memCachedConfigInfo.ServerList;            pool = SockIOPool.GetInstance(memCachedConfigInfo.PoolName);            pool.SetServers(serverList);            pool.InitConnections = memCachedConfigInfo.IntConnections;//初始化連結數            pool.MinConnections = memCachedConfigInfo.MinConnections;//最少連結數            pool.MaxConnections = memCachedConfigInfo.MaxConnections;//最大串連數            pool.SocketConnectTimeout = memCachedConfigInfo.SocketConnectTimeout;//Socket連結逾時時間            pool.SocketTimeout = memCachedConfigInfo.SocketTimeout;// Socket逾時時間            pool.MaintenanceSleep = memCachedConfigInfo.MaintenanceSleep;//維護線程休息時間            pool.Failover = memCachedConfigInfo.FailOver; //失效轉移(一種備份操作模式)            pool.Nagle = memCachedConfigInfo.Nagle;//是否用nagle演算法啟動socket            pool.HashingAlgorithm = HashingAlgorithm.NewCompatibleHash;             pool.Initialize();            mc = new MemcachedClient();            mc.PoolName = memCachedConfigInfo.PoolName;            mc.EnableCompression = false;        }        /// <summary>        /// 快取服務器地址清單        /// </summary>        public static string[] ServerList        {            set            {                if (value != null)                    serverList = value;            }            get { return serverList; }        }        /// <summary>        /// 用戶端快取作業對象        /// </summary>        public static MemcachedClient CacheClient        {            get            {                if (mc == null)                    CreateManager();                return mc;            }        }        public static void Dispose()        {            if (pool != null)                pool.Shutdown();        }    }}

 

cache操作介面類ICacheStrategy.cs（為了方便擴充其他的cache）：

using System;using System.Text;namespace Plugin.Cache{    /// <summary>    /// 公用緩衝策略介面    /// </summary>    public interface ICacheStrategy    {        /// <summary>        /// 添加指定ID的對象        /// </summary>        /// <param name="objId">緩衝鍵</param>        /// <param name="o">緩衝對象</param>        void AddObject(string objId, object o);              /// <summary>        /// 移除指定ID的對象        /// </summary>        /// <param name="objId">緩衝鍵</param>        void RemoveObject(string objId);        /// <summary>        /// 返回指定ID的對象        /// </summary>        /// <param name="objId">緩衝鍵</param>        /// <returns></returns>        object RetrieveObject(string objId);        /// <summary>        /// 到期時間,單位：秒        /// </summary>        int TimeOut { set;get;}   }}

MemCached.cs類

 

using System;using System.Web;using System.Collections;using System.Web.Caching;namespace Plugin.Cache{/// <summary>/// 預設緩衝管理類,預設用memcached/// </summary>    public class MemCached : ICacheStrategy{/// <summary>        /// 設定到期相對時間[單位: 秒] /// </summary>        public int TimeOut { set; get; }/// <summary>/// 加入當前對象到緩衝中/// </summary>/// <param name="objId">對象的索引值</param>/// <param name="o">緩衝的對象</param>public virtual void AddObject(string objId, object o){            if (TimeOut > 0)            {                MemCachedManager.CacheClient.Set(objId, o, System.DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(TimeOut));            }            else            {                MemCachedManager.CacheClient.Set(objId, o);            }}/// <summary>/// 刪除緩衝對象/// </summary>/// <param name="objId">對象的關鍵字</param>        public virtual void RemoveObject(string objId){            if (MemCachedManager.CacheClient.KeyExists(objId))                MemCachedManager.CacheClient.Delete(objId);}/// <summary>/// 返回一個指定的對象/// </summary>/// <param name="objId">對象的關鍵字</param>/// <returns>對象</returns>        public virtual object RetrieveObject(string objId){            return MemCachedManager.CacheClient.Get(objId);}    }}

 

實體類MemCachedConfigInfo.cs

using Yintai.Plugin.Common;/// <summary>/// MemCached配置資訊類檔案/// </summary>namespace Plugin{    public class MemCachedConfigInfo    {        private string[] _serverList;        /// <summary>        /// 連結地址        /// </summary>        public string[] ServerList        {            get { return _serverList; }            set { _serverList = value; }        }        private string _poolName;        /// <summary>        /// 連結池名稱        /// </summary>        public string PoolName        {            get { return string.IsNullOrEmpty(_poolName) ? "Yintai.Plugin.Cache.MemCached" : _poolName; }            set { _poolName = value; }        }        private int _intConnections;        /// <summary>        /// 初始化連結數        /// </summary>        public int IntConnections        {            get { return _intConnections > 0 ? _intConnections : 3; }            set { _intConnections = value; }        }        private int _minConnections;        /// <summary>        /// 最少連結數        /// </summary>        public int MinConnections        {            get { return _minConnections > 0 ? _minConnections : 3; }            set { _minConnections = value; }        }        private int _maxConnections;        /// <summary>        /// 最大串連數        /// </summary>        public int MaxConnections        {            get { return _maxConnections > 0 ? _maxConnections : 5; }            set { _maxConnections = value; }        }        private int _socketConnectTimeout;        /// <summary>        /// Socket連結逾時時間        /// </summary>        public int SocketConnectTimeout        {            get { return _socketConnectTimeout > 1000 ? _socketConnectTimeout : 1000; }            set { _socketConnectTimeout = value; }        }        private int _socketTimeout;        /// <summary>        /// socket逾時時間        /// </summary>        public int SocketTimeout        {            get { return _socketTimeout > 1000 ? _maintenanceSleep : 3000; }            set { _socketTimeout = value; }        }        private int _maintenanceSleep;        /// <summary>        /// 維護線程休息時間        /// </summary>        public int MaintenanceSleep        {            get { return _maintenanceSleep > 0 ? _maintenanceSleep : 30; }            set { _maintenanceSleep = value; }        }        private bool _failOver;        /// <summary>        /// 連結失敗後是否重啟,詳情參見http://baike.baidu.com/view/1084309.htm        /// </summary>        public bool FailOver        {            get { return _failOver; }            set { _failOver = value; }        }        private bool _nagle;        /// <summary>        /// 是否用nagle演算法啟動socket        /// </summary>        public bool Nagle        {            get { return _nagle; }            set { _nagle = value; }        }    }}

 

實現代碼完了，下面就是把設定檔memcached.config還原序列化成實體方法

用MemCachedConfig.cs實現設定檔的載入和讀取LoadConfig是載入配置，SetConfig是儲存配置，GetConfig是擷取配置，其中用了了序列化和還原序列化

MemCachedConfig.cs檔案如下：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Drawing;using System.Drawing.Imaging;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Web;using Plugin.Cache;using Plugin.Common;namespace Plugin{    public class MemCachedConfig    {        private static object _lockHelper = new object();        private static MemCachedConfigInfo config = null;        public static void LoadConfig(string configfilepath)        {            if (config == null)            {                lock (_lockHelper)                {                    if (config == null)                    {                        config = (MemCachedConfigInfo)SerializationHelper.Load(typeof(MemCachedConfigInfo), configfilepath);                    }                }            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 擷取配置        /// </summary>        /// <param name="anConfig"></param>        public static MemCachedConfigInfo GetConfig()        {            return config;        }        #region 私人方法        public static void SetConfig(MemCachedConfigInfo verifyImageServiceInfoList, string configfilepath)        {            SerializationHelper.Save(verifyImageServiceInfoList, configfilepath);        }        #endregion    }}

SerializationHelper.cs代碼如下：

using System;using System.IO;using System.Xml.Serialization;using System.Xml;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;namespace Plugin.Common{/// <summary>/// SerializationHelper 的摘要說明。/// </summary>public class SerializationHelper{        private SerializationHelper(){}        private static Dictionary<int, XmlSerializer> serializer_dict = new Dictionary<int, XmlSerializer>();        public static XmlSerializer GetSerializer(Type t)        {            int type_hash = t.GetHashCode();            if (!serializer_dict.ContainsKey(type_hash))                serializer_dict.Add(type_hash, new XmlSerializer(t));            return serializer_dict[type_hash];        }/// <summary>/// 還原序列化/// </summary>/// <param name="type">物件類型</param>/// <param name="filename">檔案路徑</param>/// <returns></returns>public static object Load(Type type, string filename){FileStream fs = null;try{// open the stream...fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(type);return serializer.Deserialize(fs);}catch(Exception ex){throw ex;}finally{if(fs != null)fs.Close();}}/// <summary>/// 序列化/// </summary>/// <param name="obj">對象</param>/// <param name="filename">檔案路徑</param>public static bool Save(object obj, string filename){            bool success = false;FileStream fs = null;// serialize it...try{fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite);XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());serializer.Serialize(fs, obj);                success = true;}catch(Exception ex){throw ex;}finally{if(fs != null)fs.Close();}            return success;}        /// <summary>        /// xml序列化成字串        /// </summary>        /// <param name="obj">對象</param>        /// <returns>xml字串</returns>        public static string Serialize(object obj)        {            string returnStr = "";            XmlSerializer serializer = GetSerializer(obj.GetType());            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();            XmlTextWriter xtw = null;            StreamReader sr = null;            try            {                xtw = new System.Xml.XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.UTF8);                xtw.Formatting = System.Xml.Formatting.Indented;                serializer.Serialize(xtw, obj);                ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);                sr = new StreamReader(ms);                returnStr = sr.ReadToEnd();            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                throw ex;            }            finally            {                if (xtw != null)                    xtw.Close();                if (sr != null)                    sr.Close();                 ms.Close();            }            return returnStr;        }        public static object DeSerialize(Type type, string s)        {             byte[] b = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s);            try            {                XmlSerializer serializer = GetSerializer(type);                return serializer.Deserialize(new MemoryStream(b));            }            catch (Exception ex)            {                throw ex;            }        }}}

最後設定檔類似這樣的：

<?xml version="1.0"?><MemCachedConfigInfo xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">  <ServerList>    <string>10.32.33.120:11211</string>  </ServerList>  <PoolName>Plugin.Cache.MemCached</PoolName>  <IntConnections>3</IntConnections>  <MinConnections>3</MinConnections>  <MaxConnections>5</MaxConnections>  <SocketConnectTimeout>1000</SocketConnectTimeout>  <SocketTimeout>30</SocketTimeout>  <MaintenanceSleep>30</MaintenanceSleep>  <FailOver>true</FailOver>  <Nagle>false</Nagle></MemCachedConfigInfo>

 

使用時調用方法：

MemCachedConfig.LoadConfig(Server.MapPath("/config/memcached.config"));

這個方法通過LoadConfig把配置載入進來，還原序列化成MemCachedConfigInfo實體並放入私人靜態變數config 中，並通過GetConfig() 擷取config，然後MemCachedManager類通過private static MemCachedConfigInfo memCachedConfigInfo = MemCachedConfig.GetConfig();方法擷取到配置了。