二進位包安裝MySQL資料庫

二進位包安裝MySQL資料庫

1.1二進位包安裝MySQL資料庫

1.1.1 安裝前準備(規範)

[root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir -p /home/zhurui/tools  ##建立指定工具包存放路徑
[root@Mysql_server ~]# wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/pub/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  ##下載二進位包
[root@Mysql_server tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  ##解壓Mysql包
[root@Mysql_server tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql  ##建立mysql使用者
[root@Mysql_server tools]# id mysql
uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)
[root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir /application/
[root@Mysql_server home]# mv /home/zhurui/tools/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.32 
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.32
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql  ##設定軟連結
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root  26 Dec 13 14:39 mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.32/
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.32
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/
total 76
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 bin
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel 17987 Jun 19  2013 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 data
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:30 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 include
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  7470 Jun 19  2013 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  2496 Jun 19  2013 README
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 share
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 support-files

1.1.2 初始化資料庫

[root@Mysql_server tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql  ##初始化資料庫
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/data/  ##查看初始化結果
total 12
drwx------. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:45 mysql
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 13 14:45 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 test

1.1.3 授權Mysql管理資料庫檔案

[root@Mysql_server ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
[root@Mysql_server ~]# ll /application/mysql
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 26 Dec 13 14:39 /application/mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.32/

1.1.4 產生Mysql設定檔

[root@Mysql_server tools]# \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

1.1.5 配置啟動Mysql

[root@Mysql_server tools]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server 
[root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  ##將產生的啟動指令碼拷貝到init.d目錄下
[root@Mysql_server tools]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

1.1.6 啟動Mysql

[root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306  ##查詢Mysql服務是否開啟
[root@Mysql_server tools]#
[root@Mysql_server tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start  ##啟動Mysql服務
Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS!
[root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306
COMMAND  PID  USER  FD  TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld  2235 mysql  10u  IPv4  22761      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
[root@Mysql_server tools]#

1.1.7 配置環境變數

方法1：

[root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ ##方法1

方法2：

[root@Mysql_server tools]# tail -1 /etc/profile
PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"  ##尾部添加如下行
[root@Mysql_server tools]# source /etc/profile    ##使得配置生效

1.1.8 設定及更改密碼

[root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot password 123456   
[root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password zhurui

2.1 資料庫管理

[root@Mysql_server tools]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.32 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;  ##查看資料庫；
+--------------------+
| Database          |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test              |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop database test;  ##刪除test庫；
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;   
+--------------------+
| Database          |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##查看使用者列表；
+------+---------------+
| user | host          |
+------+---------------+
| root | 127.0.0.1    |
| root | ::1          |
|      | Mysql\_server |
| root | Mysql\_server |
|      | localhost    |
| root | localhost    |
+------+---------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user root@'::1';  ##刪除無用使用者
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@'Mysql\_server';      ##對於大寫、特殊字元刪除不了，下面有介紹
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@'localhost';   
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> drop user 'root'@'Mysql\_server';  對於大寫、特殊字元刪除不了，下面有介紹
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+---------------+
| user | host          |
+------+---------------+
| root | 127.0.0.1    |
|      | Mysql\_server |
| root | Mysql\_server |
| root | localhost    |
+------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
對於大寫、特殊字元刪除不瞭解決辦法：
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="" and host="Mysql\_server";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="root" and host="Mysql\_server";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##將無用使用者刪除以後，查看使用者列表                             
+------+-----------+
| user | host      |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | localhost |
+------+-----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;  ##最後使得許可權生效
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

建立使用者sql語句：

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456' with grant option;flush privileges;

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