一、什麼是PEAR
PEAR是PHP Extension and Application Repository(PHP擴充與應用庫)的縮寫。PEAR為PHP使用者提供了一套基本類庫,在編寫PHP程式時通過調用相關的PEAR類可以簡化我們的工作量。舉個很簡單的例子,比如我在程式中想把資料庫中的資料通過Web頁面的條件設定,抽取相應的資料轉存到Excel表格裡。要完成這個任務,在以前可不是很容易辦到的,還好現在有了PEAR,通過調用PEAR裡面的Spreadsheet類,我們可以在很短的時間實現對Excel的寫操作。長話短說,還是開始儘快我們的PEAR安裝之旅吧。 二、安裝PEAR 首先介紹一下我的系統內容:
Windows 2000
WAMP1.4.3(Apache 1.3.33 + PHP 5.0.3 + MySQL 4.1.8) 大家可能對WAMP這個東西比較陌生,我就簡單介紹一下:眾所周知,在windows環境下要把這3個軟體安裝並且配置成功,還是需要費些勁呢。而WAMP(Windows Apache MySQL PHP)可以幫我們無需進行任何配置,只要到它的官方網站http://www.wampserver.com/en/download.php 下載一個大約20M的名為wamp5_1.4.3.exe的檔案,然後直接運行安裝就可以馬上建立一套包含Apache/ MySQL /PHP/在內的使用環境,真是簡單的不得了呀。
好啊,系統配置好後,下一步就讓我們來安裝PEAR吧。從PHP 4.04開始,PEAR隨著PHP核心一起被分發。進入php安裝目錄,雙擊go-pear.bat,會彈出一個命令提示字元視窗,顯示如下資訊:
Welcome to go-pear! Go-pear will install the 'pear' command and all the files needed byit. This command is your tool for PEAR installation and maintenance. Go-pear also lets you download and install the PEAR packages bundledwith PHP: DB, Net_Socket, Net_SMTP, Mail, XML_Parser, PHPUnit. If you wish to abort, press Control-C now, or press Enter to continue: 這裡是說系統將下載並安裝包括DB, Net_Socket, Net_SMTP, Mail, XML_Parser, PHPUnit在內的 pear幾個基本的類庫。
直接斷行符號執行下一步。按斷行符號鍵後顯示如下資訊:
HTTP proxy (http://user:password@proxy.myhost.com:port), or Enter for none:: 設定HTTPProxy 伺服器,如果你的IP地址是公網地址,就不需要設定,直接斷行符號即可。按斷行符號鍵後顯示如下資訊:
Below is a suggested file layout for your new PEAR installation. Tochange individual locations, type the number in front of thedirectory. Type 'all' to change all of them or simply press Enter toaccept these locations. 1. Installation prefix : D:/software/wamp/php 2. Binaries directory : $prefix 3. PHP code directory ($php_dir) : $prefix/pear 4. Documentation base directory : $php_dir/docs 5. Data base directory : $php_dir/data 6. Tests base directory : $php_dir/tests 7. php.exe path : D:/software/wamp/php/php.exe 1-7, 'all' or Enter to continue:
這裡設定與php有關的系統內容,如果你採用WAMP方式安裝的PHP,那麼
這裡直接斷行符號即可。按斷行符號鍵後顯示如下資訊:The following PEAR packages are bundled with PHP: DB, Net_Socket, Net_SMTP,Mail, XML_Parser, PHPUnit.Would you like to install these as well? [Y/n] : 含義為是否下載並安裝DB, Net_Socket, Net_SMTP,Mail, XML_Parser, PHPUnit這些類庫,當然是啦,
輸入
Y
然後斷行符號。按斷行符號鍵後顯示如下資訊:
Loading zlib: okUsing local package: PEAR.............okUsing local package: Archive_Tar......okUsing local package: Console_Getopt....okUsing local package: XML_RPC..........okBootstrapping: PEAR...................(local) okBootstrapping: Archive_Tar............(local) okBootstrapping: Console_Getopt.........(local) okDownloading package: DB...............okDownloading package: Net_Socket.......okDownloading package: Net_SMTP.........okDownloading package: Mail.............okDownloading package: XML_Parser.......okDownloading package: PHPUnit..........okExtracting installer..................okinstall ok: PEAR 1.3.1install ok: Archive_Tar 1.2install ok: Console_Getopt 1.2install ok: XML_RPC 1.1.0install ok: DB 1.6.8install ok: Net_Socket 1.0.5install ok: Net_SMTP 1.2.6install ok: Mail 1.1.4install ok: XML_Parser 1.2.4install ok: PHPUnit 1.2.0 *******************************************************************WARNING! The include_path defined in the currently used php.ini does notcontain the PEAR PHP directory you just specified:<D:/software/wamp/php/pear>If the specified directory is also not in the include_path used byyour scripts, you will have problems getting any PEAR packages working. Current include path : .;C:/php5/pearConfigured directory : D:/software/wamp/php/pearCurrently used php.ini (guess) :Press Enter to continue: 下載安裝完畢(注意:要保證你的電腦連到網上,以便PEAR下載所需類庫),
再次斷行符號。顯示:The 'pear' command is now at your service at D:/software/wamp/php/pear.bat ** The 'pear' command is not currently in your PATH, so you need to** use 'D:/software/wamp/php/pear.bat' until you have added** 'D:/software/wamp/php' to your PATH environment variable. Run it without parameters to see the available actions, try 'pear list'to see what packages are installed, or 'pear help' for help. For more information about PEAR, see: http://pear.php.net/faq.php http://cvs.php.net/co.php/pearweb/doc/pear_package_manager.txt?p=1 http://pear.php.net/manual/ Thanks for using go-pear! * WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES *For convenience, a REG file is available under D:/software/wamp/php/PEAR_ENV.reg .This file creates ENV variables for the current user. Double-click this file to add it to the current user registry. 請按任意鍵繼續 . . . 按任意鍵後,該命令提示字元視窗關閉。最後進入apache安裝目錄,開啟php.ini,找到:;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Paths and Directories ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; UNIX: "/path1:/path2";include_path = ".:/php/includes";; Windows: "/path1;/path2";include_path = ".;c:/php/includes"將最後一行改為:
include_path = ".;d:/software/wamp/php/PEAR"然後儲存退出。
注意:d:/software/wamp/php/PEAR
這個目錄要根據php/PEAR
實際的安裝目錄進行填寫。 好啦,到這裡PEAR已經安裝完畢了,是不是很簡單呀,基本上運行go-pear.bat後,一路斷行符號就可以了。
三、安裝並使用PEAR
的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
庫產生Excel
表格
沒有使用過PEAR的朋友可能對PEAR的具體應用還不是很瞭解,這裡我們舉一個簡單的例子來進行說明。首先進入到php的安裝目錄下。執行如下命令:
pear download OLEpear download Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer說明:pear download package代表下載相關的package。 pear install OLE-0.5.tgzpear install Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer-0.8.tgz
說明:pear install packagename代表安裝相關的packagename。關於pear的更多命令以及含義可以執行pear來查看。安裝完畢後執行pear list,如果看到如下2行,就說明安裝成功了。
OLE 0.5 betaSpreadsheet_Excel_Writer 0.8 beta 然後我們在www目錄下建立一個test.php檔案,內容如下:<?php include_once "Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php"; $xls =& new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer(); $xls->send("test.xls"); $sheet =& $xls->addWorksheet('Test results'); $sheet->write(0,0,12); $sheet->write(0,1,"Hallo, ich bin ein Text"); $format =& $xls- >addFormat(); $format->setBold(); $format->setColor("green"); $sheet->write(1,1,"Hallo, ich bin formatiert",$format); $xls->close();?>
然後直接運行,此時IE瀏覽器會彈出一個請求下載test.xls檔案的對話方塊,下載後開啟就可以看到產生的Excel表格檔案了。具體的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer產生Excel表格格式文法大家可以參考pear的官方手冊,這裡就不多說了。好啦,我們的PEAR之旅到這裡就結束了,您是否已經開始對pear感興趣了嗎,那還不去試試看!