在RHEL6中安裝mysql資料庫

標籤：資料庫   rhel6   mysql   

    今天要給大家示範的是在RHEL6系統中安裝mysql資料庫，本次實驗是在VMware虛擬機器中實現。

系統版本：2.6.32-71.el6.i686

[[email protected] ~]# uname -a

Linux wuli.redhat.com 2.6.32-71.el6.i686 #1SMP Wed Sep 1 01:26:34 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

   資料庫版本：5.6.20

[[email protected] Downloads]# ls

MySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm  MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

MySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

   接下來開始安裝資料庫，如果是下載的捆綁式的rpm軟體包，在解壓後會發現有好多個軟體包，在此我只安裝server和client兩個包。在此需要注意的是，在安裝之前需要安裝一個RHEL相容包，即shared-compat包。

[[email protected] Downloads]# rpm -ivhMySQL-shared-compat-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:MySQL-shared-compat   ########################################### [100%]

預設系統裡面給安裝了mysql-libs-5.1.47-4.el6.i686軟體包，直接卸載會提示有包依賴，在安裝完shared-compat之後就可以把它卸載掉，否則會影響安裝。

[[email protected] Downloads]# rpm -e mysql-libs

   建立MySQL系統管理使用者：

[[email protected] Downloads]# groupadd mysql

[[email protected] Downloads]# useradd -g mysqlmysql

[[email protected] Downloads]# passwd mysql

Changing password for user mysql.

New password:mysql（這裡密碼設定為mysql）

BAD PASSWORD: it is too short

BAD PASSWORD: is too simple

Retype new password:mysql

passwd: all authentication tokens updatedsuccessfully.

[[email protected] Downloads]#

接下來安裝MySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm和MySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm兩個軟體包。

[[email protected] Downloads]# rpm -ivhMySQL-server-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

Preparing...               ########################################### [100%]

  1:MySQL-server          ########################################### [100%]

[[email protected] Downloads]# rpm -ivhMySQL-client-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

Preparing...                ###########################################[100%]

  1:MySQL-client          ########################################### [100%]

   啟用MySQL服務：

[[email protected] Downloads]# service mysql start

Starting MySQL................                             [  OK  ]

[[email protected] Downloads]#

    首先需要擷取登入的隨機密碼，方法如下：

[[email protected] Downloads]# more/root/.mysql_secret

# The random password set for the root userat Fri Aug  8 05:18:49 2014 (local t

ime): qC1eXKeP3JTEgxzL

 

[[email protected] Downloads]#

    使用首次擷取隨機密碼登入MySQL資料庫，然後修改登入密碼，方法如下：

[[email protected] Downloads]# mysql -uroot -pqC1eXKeP3JTEgxzL

Warning: Using a password on the commandline interface can be insecure.

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.20

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective

owners.

 

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ toclear the current input statement.

 

mysql>

   設定登入密碼為mysql（這裡設定為mysql）

mysql> set password=password(‘mysql‘);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

   修改安裝目錄許可權：

[[email protected] Downloads]# chown -R mysql:mysql/usr/share/mysql

[[email protected] Downloads]# chown -R mysql:mysql/var/lib/mysql

   為mysql添加環境變數：

[[email protected] ~]# vim .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

       . ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startupprograms

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

 

export PATH

export

exportDATADIR=/var/lib/mysql

exportMYSQL_HOME=/usr/share/mysql

    停止啟動mysql:

[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -pshutdown

Enter password:mysql

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]#/usr/share/mysql/mysql.server start --user=mysql

Starting MySQL.                                            [ OK  ]

    到這裡整個安裝步驟已經完成了，但是我們經常來配置或登入mysql資料庫的時候，不可能每次都在伺服器上來配置，很多情況會通過終端來登入伺服器，預設mysql伺服器禁止從其他終端來登入它。

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    解決方案如下：

    首先登入到資料庫

[[email protected] ~]#mysql –uroot –p

Enter password:mysql

mysql> use mysql

Reading table information for completion oftable and column names

You can turn off this feature to get aquicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> update user set host=‘%‘ wherehost=‘localhost‘;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

         接下來我們再來通過用戶端來登入伺服器：

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成功登入。

    如果遇到下面提示符，原因是由於伺服器開啟了防火牆導致的，解決方案:關閉防火牆即可。

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    我們可以查看安裝的資料庫版本：

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    到此，整個實驗就完成了，歡迎來到MySQL的世界^_^!

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