iOS的輸入事件觸摸事件手勢識別手機搖晃一、iOS的輸入事件 觸摸事件(滑動、點擊)運動事件(搖一搖、手機傾斜、行走),不需要人為參與的遠端控制事件(耳機控制手機聲音)1⃣️iOS事件對象都是UIEvent類的執行個體UIEvent類對事件類型定義了enum常量:typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIEventType){ UIEventTypeTouches, UIEventTypeMotion, UIEventRemoteControl,};觸摸事件必須是繼承UIResponser的二、觸摸事件1⃣️UIView,有4種處理不同的觸摸事件UIView是UIResponder的子類,可以覆蓋下列4個方法處理不同的觸摸事件。1. 一根或者多根手指開始觸控螢幕幕- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event2.一根或者多根手指在螢幕上移動(隨著手指的移動,會持續調用該方法)- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event3.一根或者多根手指離開螢幕- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event4.觸摸結束前,某個系統事件(例如電話呼入)會打斷觸摸過程- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event複製代碼#pragma mark - UITouch事件#pragma mark 觸摸開始- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ NSLog(@"觸摸開始"); for (UITouch *touch in touches) { NSLog(@"%@", touch); }} #pragma mark 觸摸移動- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ NSLog(@"觸摸移動Touch對象個數:%d",[touches count]); // 要移動介面上黃顏色的視圖 // 1. 得到當前手指的位置 UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:self.view]; // 2. 得到上一次手指的位置 CGPoint preLocation = [touch previousLocationInView:self.view]; // 3. 計算兩個位置之間的位移 CGPoint offset = CGPointMake(location.x - preLocation.x, location.y - preLocation.y); // 4. 使用計算出來的位移量,調整視圖的位置 [_demoView setCenter:CGPointMake(_demoView.center.x + offset.x, _demoView.center.y + offset.y)]; // 完整的UITouch事件調試方法 NSLog(@"觸摸移動"); for (UITouch *touch in touches) { NSLog(@"%@", touch); }} #pragma mark 觸摸結束- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ // 完整的UITouch事件調試方法 NSLog(@"觸摸完成"); for (UITouch *touch in touches) { NSLog(@"%@", touch); }} #pragma mark 觸摸中斷- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ // 完整的UITouch事件調試方法 NSLog(@"觸摸中斷"); for (UITouch *touch in touches) { NSLog(@"%@", touch); }}複製代碼2⃣️觸摸事件的處理如果hit-test視圖無法處理事件,則通過響應者鏈向上傳遞1.如果hit-test視圖的控制器存在,就傳遞給控制器;如果控制器不存在,則將其傳遞給它的父視圖2.如果視圖或它的控制器無法處理收到的事件或訊息,則將其傳遞給該視圖的父視圖3.每一個在視圖繼承樹中的上層視圖如果不能處理收到的事件或訊息,則重複上面的步驟1,24.在視圖繼承樹的最上層視圖,如果也不能處理收到的事件或訊息,則其將事件或訊息傳遞給視窗對象進行處理5. 如果視窗對象也不能進行處理,則其將事件或訊息傳遞給UIApplication對象6.如果UIApplication也不能處理該事件或訊息,則將其丟棄當使用者點擊螢幕時,會產生一個UITouch對象傳遞給UIApplication,然後由window負責尋找最適合相應觸摸事件的視圖對象(hitTest,pointInside)找到合適的視圖之後,Touch方法由對應的視圖完成,上級視圖不再接管3⃣️不接受處理事件的三種方法不接收使用者互動:userInteractionEnabled = NO;隱藏:hidden = YES;透明:alpha = 0~0.01三、手勢識別1⃣️iOS目前支援的手勢識別(6種)UITapGestureRecognizer(點按)UIPinchGestureRecognizer(捏合)UIPanGestureRecognizer(拖動)UISwipeGestureRecognizer(輕掃)UIRotationGestureRecognizer(旋轉)UILongPressGestureRecognizer(長按)2⃣️手勢識別的使用方法(4步)通常在視圖載入的時候定義(UIGestureRecognizer是抽象類別,需要執行個體化使用)建立手勢識別執行個體設定手勢識別屬性,例如手指數量,方向等將手勢識別附加到指定的視圖之上編寫手勢觸發回應程式法3⃣️手勢識別的狀態(7個) 1. // 沒有觸摸事件發生,所有手勢識別的預設狀態 UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible, // 一個手勢已經開始但尚未改變或者完成時 UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan, // 手勢狀態改變 UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged, // 手勢完成 UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded, // 手勢取消,恢複至Possible狀態 UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled, // 手勢失敗,恢複至Possible狀態 UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed, // 識別到手勢識別 UIGestureRecognizerStateRecognized =UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded 2.手勢識別的屬性state——手勢狀態view——手勢發生視圖常用方法locationInView 獲得手勢發生對應視圖所在位置複製代碼- (void)viewDidLoad{ [super viewDidLoad]; /** 1. 示範點按手勢 */ // 根據執行個體化方法,我們知道: // 1.有一個處理訊息的對象,應該是self // 2.我們需要定義一個方法,當手勢識別檢測到的時候,運行 UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)]; // setNumberOfTapsRequired 點按次數 [tap setNumberOfTapsRequired:1]; // setNumberOfTouchesRequired 點按的手指數量 [tap setNumberOfTouchesRequired:1]; // 把手勢識別增加到視圖上 [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:tap]; /** 2. 捏合點按手勢 */ UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchAction:)]; [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:pinch]; /** 3. 旋轉點按手勢 */ UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotationAction:)]; [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:rotation]; /** 4. 拖放點按手勢 */ UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)]; [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:pan]; /** 5. 長按手勢 */ UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressAction:)]; [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:longPress]; /** 6. 撥動手勢 關於撥動手勢,是需要指定方向的,如果你不指定方向,那麼只能接收到的向右方向的輕掃事件 */ // 向左掃 UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeLeft = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)]; [swipeLeft setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeLeft]; // 向右掃 UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeRight = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)]; [swipeRight setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeRight]; // 向上掃 UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeTop = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)]; [swipeTop setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeTop]; // 向下掃 UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeDown = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)]; [swipeDown setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeDown];} - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning{ [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.} #pragma mark - 撥動手勢- (void)swipeAction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)sender{ NSLog(@"%d", sender.direction); switch (sender.direction) { case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft: NSLog(@"向左掃"); break; case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight: NSLog(@"向右掃"); break; case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp: NSLog(@"向上掃"); break; case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown: NSLog(@"向下掃"); break; default: break; }} #pragma mark - 長按手勢- (void)longPressAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)sender{ // 我們可以利用demoView的Tag屬性,預設時tag=0 // 如果tag=0,我們放大一倍,否則,我們縮小一半 CGFloat scale; if (_demoView.tag == 0) { scale = 2.0; _demoView.tag = 1; } else { scale = 0.5; _demoView.tag = 0; } sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(sender.view.transform, scale, scale);} #pragma mark - 拖放手勢- (void)panAction:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)sender{ // 在拖放手勢中是需要考慮手指的狀態的UIGestureRecognizerState // 在拖放手勢中使用的狀態是UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged // 通常在使用拖放手勢的時候,當手指離開的時候,應該做一個很小的動作,提醒使用者拖放完成 if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) { // locationInView [_demoView setCenter:[sender locationInView:self.view]]; } else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) { [_demoView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]]; }} #pragma mark - 旋轉手勢- (void)rotationAction:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)sender{ sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(sender.view.transform, sender.rotation); // 和捏合操作類似,旋轉角度同樣需要方福偉 sender.rotation = 0.0f;} #pragma mark - 捏合手勢- (void)pinchAction:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)sender{ // 有關轉換的內容,我們在後續動畫部分再繼續 sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(sender.view.transform, sender.scale, sender.scale); // 縮放功能很簡單,但是不要忘記將比例複位 sender.scale = 1.0f; NSLog(@"捏我了");} #pragma mark - 點按手勢- (void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender{ /** 在開發過程中,如果沒有什麼必要,最好不要對一個UI控制項,既使用觸摸,又使用手勢。 */ NSLog(@"點我了 %@", sender);} #pragma mark - 手勢觸摸事件- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ NSLog(@"觸摸事件!"); // 1. 先取出UITouch對象 // 2. 判斷響應點擊的UIView是不是我們需要的 UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; if ([touch view] == _imageView) { NSLog(@"點到映像了!"); }}複製代碼四、手機搖晃1. 建立搖晃監聽視圖ShakeListenerView,並且設定canBecomeFirstResponder返回YES- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder{ return YES;}2. 在Storyboard中將ViewController的View的Class設定為:ShakeListenerView3. 在ViewController.m檔案中增加:viewDidAppear和viewDidDisappear在視圖出現和消失時成為/撤銷第一響應者身份4. 在視圖控制器中增加手勢監聽方法:- (void)motionBegan:(UIEventSubtype)motion withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ if (event.subtype == UIEventSubtypeMotionShake) { NSLog(@"shake phone"); }}複製代碼#pragma mark - 要讓ViewController支援搖晃,需要寫三個方法// 1. 成為第一響應者,視圖一出現時,就應該成為第一響應者- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{ [self.view becomeFirstResponder]; // 不要忘記去實現父類方法 [super viewDidAppear:animated];} // 2. 登出第一響應者,視圖要關閉的時候,登出- (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated{ [self.view resignFirstResponder]; // 不要忘記去實現父類方法 [super viewDidDisappear:animated];} // 3. 監聽並處理移動事件,判斷是否搖晃了手機- (void)motionBegan:(UIEventSubtype)motion withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{ if (motion == UIEventSubtypeMotionShake) { NSLog(@"搖啊搖,搖到外婆橋!!!"); }}