iOS 字串應用

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NSString *str1 = @"BeiJing";     NSString *str2 = @"beijing";          //全部轉為大寫     NSLog(@"%@",[str1 uppercaseString]);          //全部轉為小寫     NSLog(@"%@",[str1 lowercaseString]);          //首字母大寫     NSLog(@"%@",[str1 capitalizedString]);          //比較兩個字串內容是否相同     BOOL b =[str1 isEqualToString:str2];          //兩個字串內容比較     //NSOrderedAscending    右邊 > 左邊     //NSOrderedSame         內容相同     //NSOrderedDescending   左邊 > 右邊     NSComparisonResult result = [str1 compare:str2];     if (result == NSOrderedAscending) {         NSLog(@"右邊 > 左邊");     }else if(result == NSOrderedSame){         NSLog(@"內容相同");     }else if (result == NSOrderedDescending){         NSLog(@"左邊 > 右邊");     }          //忽略大小寫進行比較,傳回值與compare一樣     result = [str1 caseInsensitiveCompare:str2];     if (result == NSOrderedAscending) {         NSLog(@"右邊 > 左邊");     }else if(result == NSOrderedSame){         NSLog(@"內容相同");     }else if (result == NSOrderedDescending){         NSLog(@"左邊 > 右邊");     }          //判斷字串是否以指定字串開頭     [str1 hasPrefix:@"aaa"];     //判斷字串是否以指定字串結尾     [str1 hasSuffix:@"aaa"];          //判斷字串是否包含指定字串,返回位置和長度     NSRange range = [@"123456" rangeOfString:@"456"];     NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromRange(range));          //反向搜尋     range = [@"123456456qweasasd456" rangeOfString:@"456" options:NSBackwardsSearch];     NSLog(@"%@",NSStringFromRange(range));          //指定範圍進行搜尋     range = NSMakeRange(0, 9);     range = [@"123456456qweasasd456" rangeOfString:@"456" options:NSBackwardsSearch range:range];     NSLog(@"%@",NSStringFromRange(range)); 
<pre name="code" class="cpp">//字串的截取          NSString *str = @"123456789";          NSLog(@"%@",[str substringFromIndex:3]);          NSLog(@"%@",[str substringToIndex:6]);          NSLog(@"%@",[str substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(3, 3)]);                    //用指定字串分割字串,返回一個數組          NSArray *array = [@"1,2,3,4,5,6" componentsSeparatedByString:@","];          NSLog(@"%@",array);                    //將數組中的字串組合成一個檔案路徑          NSMutableArray *components = [NSMutableArray array];          [components addObject:@"Users"];          [components addObject:@"CentralPerk"];          [components addObject:@"Desktop"];          NSString *path = [NSString pathWithComponents:components];          NSLog(@"%@",path);  //Users/CentralPerk/Desktop                    //將一個路徑分割成一個數組          NSArray *array1 = [path pathComponents];          NSLog(@"%@",array1);                    //判斷是否為絕對路徑(依據:是否以‘/‘開始)          path = @"/Users/CentralPerk/Desktop";          NSLog(@"%i",[path isAbsolutePath]);                    //擷取最後一個目錄          NSLog(@"%@",[path lastPathComponent]);                    //刪除最後一個目錄          NSLog(@"%@",[path stringByDeletingLastPathComponent]);                    //拼接一個目錄          NSLog(@"%@",[path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"aaa"]);   ///Users/CentralPerk/Desktop/aaa          NSLog(@"%@",[path stringByAppendingString:@"aaa"]);      ///Users/CentralPerk/Desktopaaa          NSLog(@"%@",[path stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@%@",@"b",@"c"]);  ///Users/CentralPerk/Desktopbc                    //拓展名出來          //擷取拓展名,不帶.          NSString *str2 = @"Users/CentralPerk/Desktop/test.txt";          NSLog(@"%@",[str2 pathExtension]);          //添加拓展名,不需要帶.          NSLog(@"%@",[str2 stringByAppendingPathExtension:@"mp3"]);          //刪除拓展名,帶.一塊刪除          NSLog(@"%@",[str2 stringByDeletingPathExtension]);                    //字串轉為 int double float          NSString *str3 = @"123";          NSLog(@"%i",[str3 intValue]);          NSLog(@"%zi",[str3 length]);                    //取出指定位置的字元          unichar c = [str3 characterAtIndex:2];          NSLog(@"%c",c);                    //轉為C語言的字串          const char *s = [str3 UTF8String];          NSLog(@"%s",s);  </pre><br><br>  

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/--------操作字串--NSString(靜態字串)---------------------    NSString *Beijing= @"北京歡迎您";        //字串的聲明    NSString *[email protected]"北京歡迎您a"; //[NSString stringWithFormat:@"I am ‘%@‘",Beijing];     //字串格式化    NSString *zhui = [Beijing stringByAppendingString:@"哈哈哈"];        //字串追加    bool b=[Beijing isEqualToString:log];                               //字串比較    NSString *hh = @"http://www.sina.com.cn";    if([hh hasPrefix:@"http"]){                                          //尋找以http開頭的字串        NSLog(@"含有http");    }else{        NSLog(@"沒有http");    }    NSString *ss = @"123";    int a = [ss intValue]+13;                                   //字串轉int型    double dd = [ss doubleValue]+33.3;                          //字串轉double型    NSLog(@"%g",dd);//字串轉數組     NSString *zifuchuan [email protected]"one,two,three,four";    NSLog(@"string:%@",zifuchuan);    NSArray *array = [zifuchuan componentsSeparatedByString:@","];//    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);                             //輸出整個數組中所有元素     NSString *value = [array objectAtIndex:0];          //取出第0個元素    NSLog(@"value:%@",value);//數組轉字串    NSString * zifuchuan2 = [array componentsJoinedByString:@","];    NSLog(@"zifuchuan2:%@",zifuchuan2);       //-substringToIndex: 從字串的開頭一直截取到指定的位置,但不包括該位置的字元NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";NSString *string2 = [string1 substringToIndex:3];NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);//-substringFromIndex: 以指定位置開始(包括指定位置的字元),並包括之後的全部字元NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";NSString *string2 = [string1 substringFromIndex:3];NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);//-substringWithRange: //按照所給出的位置,長度,任意地從字串中截取子串NSString *string1 = @"This is a string";NSString *string2 = [string1 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 4)];NSLog(@"string2:%@",string2);//--------操作動態字串--NSMutableString----------------------------------------------------    NSMutableString *mstr = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];    NSString *str1 = @"This is a example.";    //建立可變字串    mstr = [NSMutableString stringWithString:str1];    //插入字元    [mstr insertString:@"very easy " atIndex:10];    //刪除一些字元    [mstr deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(10,5)];    //尋找並刪除    NSRange substr = [mstr rangeOfString:@"example"];             //字串尋找,可以判斷字串中是否有    if (substr.location != NSNotFound) {        [mstr deleteCharactersInRange:substr];    }    //重新設定字串    [mstr setString:@"This is string AAA"];    //替換字串    [mstr replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(15, 2) withString:@"BBB"];   //從第15個字串處替換掉後2個字串       //尋找第一個並替換    NSString *search = @"This is";    NSString *replace = @"An example of";    substr = [mstr rangeOfString:search];    if (substr.location != NSNotFound) {        [mstr replaceCharactersInRange:substr withString:replace];      //把第1個遇到的substr替換為replace        NSLog(@"%@",mstr);    }       //尋找全部匹配的,並替換    search = @"a";    replace = @"X";    substr = [mstr rangeOfString:search];    while (substr.location != NSNotFound) {        [mstr replaceCharactersInRange:substr withString:replace];        substr = [mstr rangeOfString:search];    }    NSLog(@"%@",mstr);常見的NSString方法 +(id)stringWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:enc error:err建立一個新字串並將其設定為path指定的檔案的內容,使用字元編碼enc,如果非零,則返回err中的錯誤。+(id)stringWithContentsOfURL:url encoding:enc error:err床架一個新字串,並將其設定為url的內容,使用字元編碼enc,如果非零,則返回err中的錯誤。+(id)string   建立一個新的Null 字元串。+(id)stringWithString:nsstring 建立一個新字串,並將其設定為nsstring-(id)initWithString:nsstring   將新分配的字串設定為nsstring-(id)initWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:enc error:err將字串設定為path指定的檔案的內容-(id) initWithContentsOfURL:url encoding;enc error:err將字串設定為url(NSURL*)url的內容,使用字元編碼enc,如果非零,則返回err中的錯誤。-(UNSIgned int)lengtn  返回字串中字元數目-(unichar) characterAtIndex:i  返回索引i的Unicode字元-(NSString*)substringFromIndex:i   返回從i開始直到結尾的字串-(NSString*)substringToIndex:i 返回從該字串開始位置到索引i的子字串 -(NSComparator *)caseInsensitiveCompare:nsstring 比較兩個字串,忽略大小寫-(NSComparator *)compare:nsstring  比較兩個字串-(BOOL)hasPrefix:nsstring 測試字串是否以nsstring開始-(BOOL)isEqualToString:nsstring  測試兩個字串是否相等。-(NSString*)capitalizedString 返回每個單字首大寫的字串(每個單詞的其餘字母轉換為小寫) -(NSString *)lowercaseString 返迴轉換為小寫字串-(NSString *)uppercaseString 返回抓換為大寫的字串-(const char *)UTF8String 返迴轉換為UTF8字串的字串-(double) doubleValue 返迴轉換為NSInteger整數的字串-(int)intValue 返迴轉換為整數的字串NSMutableString字元方法+(id)stringWithCapacity:size 建立一個字串,初始包含size的字元-(id)initWithCapacity:size 使用初始容量為size的字元來初始化字串-(void)setString :nsstring 將字串設定為nsstring-(void) appendString:nsstring 在接受者的末尾附加nsstring-(void)deleteCharactersInrange:range 刪除指定range中的字元-(void)insertString:nsstring atIndex:i以索引i為起始位置插入nsstring-(void) replaceCharactersInrange: range withString:nsstring 使用nsstring替換range指定的字元-(void)replaceOccurrencesOf  String:nsstring withString:nsstring2 options:opts range:range根據選項opts,使用指定range中的nsstring2替換所有的nsstring。選項可以包括NSBackwardsSearch(從範圍的結尾開始搜尋),NSAn沖熱點Search(nsstring必須匹配範圍的開始),NSLiteralSearch

 

iOS 字串應用

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