微信分享功能開發
用了一天時間,把微信發送給朋友和分享到朋友圈功能開發出來,在這裡給大家分享一下,避免大家走彎路。
一、伺服器端程式
package com.wiimedia.controller;import java.io.IOException;import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.text.ParseException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Date;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import com.google.gson.Gson;import com.wiimedia.model.Ticket;import com.wiimedia.service.ArticleSolrService;import com.wiimedia.service.TicketRepository;import com.wiimedia.service.TicketRepositorySolr;import com.wiimedia.utils.GetRandomStr;import com.wiimedia.utils.SignatureBean;import com.wiimedia.utils.weixin.WeixinUtil;/** * * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Package:com.wiimedia.controller</p> * *<p>Description:微信分享Controller</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:34:10 * */@Controller@RequestMapping("/WeixinshareController/Api/Inteface")public class WeixinshareController { @Autowired private TicketRepositorySolr ticketRepositorySolr; @RequestMapping("/getSignature") public String getSignature( HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ParseException{ //擷取簽名頁面連結 String url = request.getParameter("url"); SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); //從資料庫中擷取標籤,並檢查標籤是否到期 Ticket oldticket = ticketRepositorySolr.getTicketById("20160114wiimediamrylsong1152"); if(oldticket==null){//第一次訪問,標籤不存在。 executeTicket(response,"1",url,format); return null; }else{//標籤存在,判斷標籤是否逾時 String oldAcquiretime = oldticket.getAcquiretime(); long difference=format.parse(format.format(new Date())).getTime()-format.parse(oldAcquiretime).getTime(); if(difference>7100000){//標籤逾時,重新到微信伺服器請求標籤逾時時間為7200秒(7200000毫秒) executeTicket(response,"2",url,format); return null; }else{//標籤未逾時 /** * 注意事項 * 1.簽名用的noncestr和timestamp必須與wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。 * 2.簽名用的url必須是調用JS介面頁面的完整URL。 * 3.出於安全考慮,開發人員必須在伺服器端實現簽名的邏輯。 * ****根據第1點要求 signature 配置的時候很容易出錯,需要把產生 Ticket的 noncestr和 timestamp傳給用戶端*** */ String signature = signature(oldticket.getTicket(),oldticket.getTimestamp(),oldticket.getNoncestr(),url); SignatureBean signatureBean = new SignatureBean(); signatureBean.setNoncestr(oldticket.getNoncestr()); signatureBean.setSignature(signature); signatureBean.setTimestamp(oldticket.getTimestamp()); signatureBean.setUrl(url); response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); response.getWriter().print(new Gson().toJson(signatureBean)); return null; } } } /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:更新和擷取ticket的方法,因為用的solr所以更新和新增是一樣的ID無則添加,有責更新</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:45:00 * */ public void executeTicket(HttpServletResponse response,String flag,String url,SimpleDateFormat format) throws IOException{ //擷取簽名隨即字串 GetRandomStr randomStr = new GetRandomStr(); String noncestr = randomStr.getRandomString(15); //擷取簽章時間戳 String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis()); //請求accessToken String accessTokenUrl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=您的APPID&secret=您的密匙"; String tokenJson = WeixinUtil.httpRequest(accessTokenUrl, "GET", null); Gson gson = new Gson(); ShareAccess_Token token = gson.fromJson(tokenJson, ShareAccess_Token.class); String to= token.getAccess_token(); //擷取標籤 String urlTicket ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token="+to+"&type=jsapi"; String ticketJson = WeixinUtil.httpRequest(urlTicket, "GET", null); Ticket ticket = gson.fromJson(ticketJson, Ticket.class); String t = ticket.getTicket(); //String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString().trim().replaceAll("-", ""); //我的Ticket ID是寫死的 String acquiretime = format.format(new Date()); ticket.setTid("20160114wiimediamrylsong1152"); ticket.setAcquiretime(acquiretime); ticket.setTimestamp(timestamp); ticket.setNoncestr(noncestr); //因為用的SOLR所以更新和添加的方法是一樣的,可以根據自己具體需求進行修改,本文不再貼出代碼. if(flag.equals("2")){ ticketRepositorySolr.addTicketToSolr(ticket); }else{ ticketRepositorySolr.addTicketToSolr(ticket); } /** * 注意事項 * 1.簽名用的noncestr和timestamp必須與wx.config中的nonceStr和timestamp相同。 * 2.簽名用的url必須是調用JS介面頁面的完整URL。 * 3.出於安全考慮,開發人員必須在伺服器端實現簽名的邏輯。 * *根據第1點要求 signature 配置的時候很容易出錯,需要把產生 Ticket的 noncestr和 timestamp傳給用戶端* */ String signature = signature(t,timestamp,noncestr,url); SignatureBean signatureBean = new SignatureBean(); signatureBean.setNoncestr(noncestr); signatureBean.setSignature(signature); signatureBean.setTimestamp(timestamp); signatureBean.setUrl(url); response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); response.getWriter().print(new Gson().toJson(signatureBean)); } /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:根據標籤,時間戳記,密匙,URL進行簽名</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:37:13 * */ private String signature(String jsapi_ticket, String timestamp, String noncestr, String url) { jsapi_ticket = "jsapi_ticket=" + jsapi_ticket; timestamp = "timestamp=" + timestamp; noncestr = "noncestr=" + noncestr; url = "url=" + url; String[] arr = new String[] { jsapi_ticket, timestamp, noncestr, url }; // 將token、timestamp、nonce,url參數進行字典序排序 Arrays.sort(arr); StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { content.append(arr[i]); if (i != arr.length - 1) { content.append("&"); } } MessageDigest md = null; String tmpStr = null; try { md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1"); // 將三個參數字串拼接成一個字串進行sha1加密 byte[] digest = md.digest(content.toString().getBytes()); tmpStr = byteToStr(digest); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } content = null; return tmpStr; } /** * 將位元組轉換為十六進位字串 * * @param mByte * @return */ private static String byteToHexStr(byte mByte) { char[] Digit = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F' }; char[] tempArr = new char[2]; tempArr[0] = Digit[(mByte >>> 4) & 0X0F]; tempArr[1] = Digit[mByte & 0X0F]; String s = new String(tempArr); return s; } /** * 將位元組數群組轉換為十六進位字串 * * @param byteArray * @return */ private static String byteToStr(byte[] byteArray) { String strDigest = ""; for (int i = 0; i < byteArray.length; i++) { strDigest += byteToHexStr(byteArray[i]); } return strDigest; } class ShareAccess_Token{ private String access_token; private String expires_in; public String getAccess_token() { return access_token; } public void setAccess_token(String accessToken) { access_token = accessToken; } public String getExpires_in() { return expires_in; } public void setExpires_in(String expiresIn) { expires_in = expiresIn; } }}
二、用戶端代碼.
<script type="text/javascript"> var url = window.location.href; var articleId = ""; var shareTitle="明日醫學資訊"; var shareImgUrl=""; var userinfo = localStorage.getItem("_userinfo"); var timestamp; var noncestr; var signature; //擷取簽名 $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: "WeixinshareController/Api/Inteface/getSignature", //data:{timestamp:timestamp,noncestr:noncestr,url:url}, data:{url:url}, success: function(data){ var objData=JSON.parse(data); timestamp=objData.timestamp; noncestr=objData.noncestr; signature=objData.signature; console.log(objData); wxShare(); } }); function wxShare(){ wx.config({ debug: false, // 開啟偵錯模式,調用的所有api的傳回值會在用戶端alert出來,若要查看傳入的參數,可以在pc端開啟,參數資訊會通過log打出,僅在pc端時才會列印。 appId: '您的appid', // 和擷取Ticke的必須一樣------必填,公眾號的唯一標識 timestamp:timestamp, // 必填,產生簽名的時間戳記 nonceStr: noncestr, // 必填,產生簽名的隨機串 signature: signature,// 必填,簽名,見附錄1 jsApiList: [ 'onMenuShareAppMessage' ] // 必填,需要使用的JS介面列表,所有JS介面列表見附錄2 }); } wx.ready(function(){ //config資訊驗證後會執行ready方法,所有介面調用都必須在config介面獲得結果之後, //config是一個用戶端的非同步作業,所以如果需要在頁面載入時就調用相關介面,則須把相關 //介面放在ready函數中調用來確保正確執行。對於使用者觸發時才調用的介面,則可以直接調用,不需要放在ready函數中。 //----------“分享給朋友” wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({ title: "明日醫學資訊", // 分享標題 desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述 link: url, // 分享連結 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享表徵圖 type: '', // 分享類型,music、video或link,不填預設為link dataUrl: '', // 如果type是music或video,則要提供資料連結,預設為空白 success: function () { // 使用者確認分享後執行的回呼函數、 }, cancel: function () { // 使用者取消分享後執行的回呼函數 } }); //------------"分享到朋友圈" wx.onMenuShareTimeline({ title: '明日醫學資訊', // 分享標題 link: '', // 分享連結 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享表徵圖 success: function () { // 使用者確認分享後執行的回呼函數 }, cancel: function () { // 使用者取消分享後執行的回呼函數 } }); //-------------分享到QQ wx.onMenuShareQQ({ title: '明日醫學資訊', // 分享標題 desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述 link: '', // 分享連結 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享表徵圖 success: function () { // 使用者確認分享後執行的回呼函數 }, cancel: function () { // 使用者取消分享後執行的回呼函數 } }); //-------------分享到QQ空間 wx.onMenuShareQZone({ title: '明日醫學資訊', // 分享標題 desc: shareTitle, // 分享描述 link: '', // 分享連結 imgUrl: shareImgUrl, // 分享表徵圖 success: function () { // 使用者確認分享後執行的回呼函數 }, cancel: function () { // 使用者取消分享後執行的回呼函數 } }); });
三、伺服器需要的工具類和Model
① Ticket
package com.wiimedia.model;public class Ticket{ private String tid; private String ticket; private String errcode; private String errmsg; private String expires_in; private String acquiretime; private String noncestr; private String timestamp; public Ticket(String tid, String ticket, String errcode, String errmsg, String expiresIn, String acquiretime, String noncestr, String timestamp) { super(); this.tid = tid; this.ticket = ticket; this.errcode = errcode; this.errmsg = errmsg; expires_in = expiresIn; this.acquiretime = acquiretime; this.noncestr = noncestr; this.timestamp = timestamp; } public String getTid() { return tid; } public void setTid(String tid) { this.tid = tid; } public String getTicket() { return ticket; } public void setTicket(String ticket) { this.ticket = ticket; } public String getErrcode() { return errcode; } public void setErrcode(String errcode) { this.errcode = errcode; } public String getErrmsg() { return errmsg; } public void setErrmsg(String errmsg) { this.errmsg = errmsg; } public String getExpires_in() { return expires_in; } public void setExpires_in(String expiresIn) { expires_in = expiresIn; } public String getAcquiretime() { return acquiretime; } public void setAcquiretime(String acquiretime) { this.acquiretime = acquiretime; } public String getNoncestr() { return noncestr; } public void setNoncestr(String noncestr) { this.noncestr = noncestr; } public String getTimestamp() { return timestamp; } public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) { this.timestamp = timestamp; }}
② 添加到資料庫的業務根據自己需要進行實現.
③ GetRandomStr
package com.wiimedia.utils;import java.util.Random;public class GetRandomStr { /** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:產生隨即字串 </p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-14 上午11:14:46 * */ public String getRandomString(int length) { String base = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789"; Random random = new Random(); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { int number = random.nextInt(base.length()); sb.append(base.charAt(number)); } return sb.toString(); }}
④ SignatureBean
package com.wiimedia.utils;public class SignatureBean { private String noncestr; private String url; private String timestamp; private String signature; public String getNoncestr() { return noncestr; } public void setNoncestr(String noncestr) { this.noncestr = noncestr; } public String getUrl() { return url; } public void setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; } public String getTimestamp() { return timestamp; } public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) { this.timestamp = timestamp; } public String getSignature() { return signature; } public void setSignature(String signature) { this.signature = signature; }}
⑤ WeixinUtil
package com.wiimedia.utils.weixin;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.net.ConnectException;import java.net.URL;import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;/** * *<p>Project:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>:mryl_phone_v2</p> * *<p>Description:公眾平台介面工具類</p> * *<p>Company:Wiimedia</p> * *@Athor:SongJia * *@Date:2016-7-15 上午09:37:13 * */public class WeixinUtil { /** * 發起https請求並擷取結果 * * @param requestUrl 請求地址 * @param requestMethod 請求方式(GET、POST) * @param outputStr 提交的資料 * @return JSONObject(通過JSONObject.get(key)的方式擷取json對象的屬性值) */ public static String httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr) { StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); try { // 建立SSLContext對象,並使用我們指定的信任管理器初始化 TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() }; SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE"); sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom()); // 從上述SSLContext對象中得到SSLSocketFactory對象 SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory(); URL url = new URL(requestUrl); HttpsURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection(); httpUrlConn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf); httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true); httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true); httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false); // 佈建要求方式(GET/POST) httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod); if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) httpUrlConn.connect(); // 當有資料需要提交時 if (null != outputStr) { OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream(); // 注意編碼格式,防止中文亂碼 outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8")); outputStream.close(); } // 將返回的輸入資料流轉換成字串 InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8"); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); String str = null; while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(str); } bufferedReader.close(); inputStreamReader.close(); // 釋放資源 inputStream.close(); inputStream = null; httpUrlConn.disconnect(); return buffer.toString(); } catch (ConnectException ce) { ce.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return ""; }}
四、至此,分享功能已經開發完成,但是,在產生signature的時候會遇到很多問題,這裡提供一些wx.config失敗的排錯方法。
① 確認自己的產生的signature是否正確
在微信提供的http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/sandbox?t=jsapisign進行校正
② wx.config中使用的noncestr, timestamp與用以簽名中的對應noncestr, timestamp是否一致一致…如上面(一.伺服器代碼)
(有可能因為JS頁面載入順序問題,伺服器產生的signature,noncestr,timestamp在wx.config中沒有擷取到)。
③ 確認url是頁面完整的url,包括GET參數部分
需要去掉#後面的部分
④ config 中的 appid 與用來擷取 jsapi_ticket 的 appid 是否一致
⑤ 報錯{errmsg:config:ok}是debug的正常返回把偵錯模式關掉就OK
wx.config debug: false,
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所協助,也希望大家多多支援雲棲社區。