這兩天在做http服務端請求操作,用戶端post資料到服務端後,服務端通過request.getParameter()進行請求,無法讀取到資料,搜尋了一下發現是因為設定為text/plain模式才導致讀取不到資料
urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/plain; charset=utf-8"); 若設定為以下方式,則通過request.getParameter()可以讀取到資料
urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
enctype的三種編碼
form表單中enctype屬性可以用來控制對錶單資料的發送前的如何進行編碼,即在發送到伺服器之前,所有字元都會進行編碼(空格轉換為 "+" 加號,特殊符號轉換為 ASCII HEX 值)。預設是application/x-www-form-urlencoded。
multipart/form-data用於發送二進位的檔案,其他兩種類型不能用於傳送檔案
text/plain用於發送純文字內容,不對特殊字元進行編碼,一般用於email之類的。
application/x-www-form-urlencoded和text/plain的區別簡單講就是一個發送html內容,一個發送純文字內容 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 在發送前編碼所有字元(預設) multipart/form-data 不對字元編碼。在使用包含檔案上傳控制項的表單時,必須使用該值。 text/plain 空格轉換為 "+" 加號,但不對特殊字元編碼。
當定義enctype為application/x-www-form-urlencoded時,使用以下方式接收資料
request.getParameter(參數名);
當定義enctype為text/plain時,使用以下方式接收資料
// 接收請求資料 BufferedReader reader = request.getReader(); char[] buf = new char[512]; int len = 0; StringBuffer contentBuffer = new StringBuffer(); while ((len = reader.read(buf)) != -1) { contentBuffer.append(buf, 0, len); } String content = contentBuffer.toString(); if(content == null){ content = ""; } post 與get
post和get可以通過索引值對的方式進行參數傳輸,服務端通過request.getparameter方式進行請求擷取資料。
用戶端post資料到服務端,服務端接收處理
public class UrlConnection { @SuppressWarnings("finally") public static boolean response(String url,String content) { String line = ""; String message = ""; String returnData = ""; boolean postState = false; BufferedReader bufferedReader = null; try { URL urlObject = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) urlObject.openConnection(); urlConn.setDoOutput(true); /*設定禁用緩衝*/ urlConn.setRequestProperty("Pragma:", "no-cache"); urlConn.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); /*維持長串連*/ urlConn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); /*設定字元集*/ urlConn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8"); /*設定輸出格式為json*/ urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); /*設定使用POST的方式發送*/ urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST"); /*設定不使用緩衝*/ urlConn.setUseCaches(false); /*設定容許輸出*/ urlConn.setDoOutput(true); /*設定容許輸入*/ urlConn.setDoInput(true); urlConn.connect(); OutputStreamWriter outStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(urlConn.getOutputStream(),"UTF-8"); outStreamWriter.write(content); outStreamWriter.flush(); outStreamWriter.close(); /*若post失敗*/ if((urlConn.getResponseCode() != 200)){ returnData = "{\"jsonStrStatus\":0,\"processResults\":[]}"; message = "發送POST失敗。"+ "code="+urlConn.getResponseCode() + "," + "失敗訊息:"+ urlConn.getResponseMessage(); // 定義BufferedReader輸入資料流來讀取URL的響應 InputStream errorStream = urlConn.getErrorStream(); if(errorStream != null) { InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(errorStream,"utf-8"); bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { message += line; } inputStreamReader.close(); } errorStream.close(); System.out.println("發送失敗。錯誤資訊為:"+message); }else{ /*發送成功返回傳送成功狀態*/ postState = true; // 定義BufferedReader輸入資料流來讀取URL的響應 InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"utf-8"); bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { message += line; } returnData = message; inputStream.close(); inputStreamReader.close(); System.out.println("發送POST成功。返回內容為:" + message); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ try { if (bufferedReader != null) { bufferedReader.close(); } } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } return postState; } } /*讀取request資料*/ public static String getRequestData(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException{ BufferedReader reader = request.getReader(); char[] buf = new char[512]; int len = 0; StringBuffer contentBuffer = new StringBuffer(); while ((len = reader.read(buf)) != -1) { contentBuffer.append(buf, 0, len); } String content = contentBuffer.toString(); if(content == null){ content = ""; } return content; }}