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趁著節日的空隙，把有關Javascript的方法和技巧整理下，讓每個在為Javascript而煩惱的人明白，Javascript就這麼回事！並希望Javascript還可以成為你的朋友，讓你豁然開朗，在項目中更好的應用～
適合閱讀範圍：對Javascript一無所知～離精通只差一步之遙的人
基礎知識：HTML
Javascript就這麼回事1：基礎知識
1 建立指令碼塊
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: Javascript code goes here
3: </script>
2 隱藏指令碼代碼
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: document.write(“Hello");
4: // -->
5: </script>
在不支援Javascript的瀏覽器中將不執行相關代碼
3 瀏覽器不支援的時候顯示
1: <noscript>
2: Hello to the non-Javascript browser.
3: </noscript>
4 連結外部指令檔
1: <script language="Javascript" src="/"filename.js""></script>
5 注釋指令碼
1: // This is a comment
2: document.write(“Hello"); // This is a comment
3: /*
4: All of this
5: is a comment
6: */
6 輸出到瀏覽器
1: document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>");
7 定義變數
1: var myVariable = “some value";
8 字串相加
1: var myString = “String1" + “String2";
9 字串搜尋
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there";
4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there");
5: document.write(therePlace);
6: // -->
7: </script>
10 字串替換
1: thisVar.replace(“Monday","Friday");
11 格式化字串
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “Hello there";
4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>");
5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>");
6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>");
7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>");
8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red") + “<br>");
9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt") + “<br>");
10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>");
11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>");
12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>");
13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>");
14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>");
15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>");
16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>");
17:
18: var firstString = “My String";
19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red");
20: // -->
21: </script>
12 建立數組
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(5);
4: myArray[0] = “First Entry";
5: myArray[1] = “Second Entry";
6: myArray[2] = “Third Entry";
7: myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry";
8: myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry";
9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry","Second Entry","Third Entry","Fourth Entry","Fifth Entry");
10: // -->
11: </script>
13 數組排序
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(5);
4: myArray[0] = “z";
5: myArray[1] = “c";
6: myArray[2] = “d";
7: myArray[3] = “a";
8: myArray[4] = “q";
9: document.write(myArray.sort());
10: // -->
11: </script>
14 分割字串
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: var myVariable = “a,b,c,d";
4: var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,");
5: document.write(stringArray[0]);
6: document.write(stringArray[1]);
7: document.write(stringArray[2]);
8: document.write(stringArray[3]);
9: // -->
10: </script>
15 彈出警告資訊
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: window.alert(“Hello");
4: // -->
5: </script>
16 彈出確認框
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue");
4: // -->
5: </script>
17 定義函數
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: <!--
3: function multiple(number1,number2) {
4: var result = number1 * number2;
5: return result;
6: }
7: // -->
8: </script>
18 調用JS函數
1: <a href="#" onClick="functionName()">Link text</a>
2: <a href="/"javascript:functionName"()">Link text</a>
19 在頁面載入完成後執行函數
1: <body onLoad="functionName();">
2: Body of the page
3: </body>
20 條件判斷
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel");
4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK" : “Cancel";
5: document.write(result);
6: // -->
7: </script>
21 指定次數迴圈
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: var myArray = new Array(3);
4: myArray[0] = “Item 0";
5: myArray[1] = “Item 1";
6: myArray[2] = “Item 2";
7: for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {
8: document.write(myArray[i] + “<br>");
9: }
10: // -->
11: </script>
22 設定將來執行
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello");
5: }
6: window.setTimeout(“hello()",5000);
7: // -->
8: </script>
23 定時執行函數
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello");
5: window.setTimeout(“hello()",5000);
6: }
7: window.setTimeout(“hello()",5000);
8: // -->
9: </script>
24 取消定時執行
1: <script>
2: <!--
3: function hello() {
4: window.alert(“Hello");
5: }
6: var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()",5000);
7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);
8: // -->
9: </script>
25 在頁面卸載時候執行函數
1: <body onUnload="functionName();">
2: Body of the page
3: </body>
Javascript就這麼回事2：瀏覽器輸出
26 訪問document對象
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var myURL = document.URL;
3: window.alert(myURL);
4: </script>
27 動態輸出HTML
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>");
3: document.write(“<ul>");
4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>");
5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>");
6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>");
7: document.write(“</ul>");
8: </script>
28 輸出換行
1: document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>");
2: document.writeln(“b");
29 輸出日期
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: document.write(thisDate.toString());
4: </script>
30 指定日期的時區
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var myOffset = -2;
3: var currentDate = new Date();
4: var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;
5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;
6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);
7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());
8: </script>
31 設定日期輸出格式
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var thisDate = new Date();
3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:" + thisDate.getMinutes();
4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/" + thisDate.getMonth() + “/" + thisDate.getDate();
5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);
6: </script>
32 讀取URL參數
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?");
3: var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&");
4: for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {
5: var pairParts = parameterParts[i].split(“=");
6: var pairName = pairParts[0];
7: var pairValue = pairParts[1];
8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );
9: }
10: </script>
你還以為HTML是無狀態的嗎？
33 開啟一個新的document對象
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: function newDocument() {
3: document.open();
4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>");
5: document.close();
6: }
7: </script>
34 頁面跳轉
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: window.location = “http://www.liu21st.com/";
3: </script>
35 添加網頁載入進度視窗
1: <html>
2: <head>
3: <script language='javascript'>
4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');
5: </script>
6: <title>The Main Page</title>
7: </head>
8: <body onLoad='placeHolder.close()'>
9: <p>This is the main page</p>
10: </body>
11: </html>
Javascript就這麼回事3：映像
36 讀取映像屬性
1: <img src="/"image1.jpg"" name="myImage">
2: <a href="# " onClick="window.alert(document.myImage.width)">Width</a>
3:
37 動態載入映像
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: myImage = new Image;
3: myImage.src = “Tellers1.jpg";
4: </script>
38 簡單的映像替換
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: rollImage = new Image;
3: rollImage.src = “rollImage1.jpg";
4: defaultImage = new Image;
5: defaultImage.src = “image1.jpg";
6: </script>
7: <a href="/"myUrl"" onMouseOver="document.myImage.src = rollImage.src;"
8: onMouseOut="document.myImage.src = defaultImage.src;">
9: <img src="/"image1.jpg"" name="myImage" width=100 height=100 border=0>
39 隨機顯示映像
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var imageList = new Array;
3: imageList[0] = “image1.jpg";
4: imageList[1] = “image2.jpg";
5: imageList[2] = “image3.jpg";
6: imageList[3] = “image4.jpg";
7: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
8: document.write(‘<img src="’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“>’);
9: </script>
40 函數實現的映像替換
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var source = 0;
3: var replacement = 1;
4: function createRollOver(originalImage,replacementImage) {
5: var imageArray = new Array;
6: imageArray[source] = new Image;
7: imageArray[source].src = originalImage;
8: imageArray[replacement] = new Image;
9: imageArray[replacement].src = replacementImage;
10: return imageArray;
11: }
12: var rollImage1 = createRollOver(“image1.jpg","rollImage1.jpg");
13: </script>
14: <a href="#" onMouseOver="document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[replacement].src;"
15: onMouseOut="document.myImage1.src = rollImage1[source].src;">
16: <img src="/"image1.jpg"" width=100 name="myImage1" border=0>
17: </a>
41 建立投影片
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var imageList = new Array;
3: imageList[0] = new Image;
4: imageList[0].src = “image1.jpg";
5: imageList[1] = new Image;
6: imageList[1].src = “image2.jpg";
7: imageList[2] = new Image;
8: imageList[2].src = “image3.jpg";
9: imageList[3] = new Image;
10: imageList[3].src = “image4.jpg";
11: function slideShow(imageNumber) {
12: document.slideShow.src = imageList[imageNumber].src;
13: imageNumber += 1;
14: if (imageNumber < imageList.length) {
15: window.setTimeout(“slideShow(“ + imageNumber + “)",3000);
16: }
17: }
18: </script>
19: </head>
20: <body onLoad="slideShow(0)">
21: <img src="/"image1.jpg"" width=100 name="slideShow">
42 隨機廣告圖片
1: <script language="Javascript">
2: var imageList = new Array;
3: imageList[0] = “image1.jpg";
4: imageList[1] = “image2.jpg";
5: imageList[2] = “image3.jpg";
6: imageList[3] = “image4.jpg";
7: var urlList = new Array;
8: urlList[0] = “http://some.host/";
9: urlList[1] = “http://another.host/";
10: urlList[2] = “http://somewhere.else/";
11: urlList[3] = “http://right.here/";
12: var imageChoice = Math.floor(Math.random() * imageList.length);
13: document.write(‘<a href="’ + urlList[imageChoice] + ‘“><img src="’ + imageList[imageChoice] + ‘“></a>’);
14: </script>
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