好了,現在我們談談前台Js怎麼處理後台返回的資料吧,可利用Jquery處理返回的純html,json,Xml等資料.這裡我們示範返回返回的資料有string、集合(List<>)、類.[WebMethod]
public static string ABC(string ABC)
{
return ABC;
}
後台.cs檔案<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default2.asp教程x.cs" Inherits="Default2" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title>無標題頁</title>
<style type="text/css教程">
.hover
{
cursor: pointer; /*小手*/
background: #ffc; /*背景*/
}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.3.2-vsdoc2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//無參數調用
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#btn1').click(function() {
$.ajax({
type: "POST", //訪問WebService使用Post方式請求
contentType: "application/json", //WebService 會返回Json類型
url: "Default2.aspx/HelloWorld", //調用WebService的地址和方法名稱組合 ---- WsURL/方法名
data: "{}", //這裡是要傳遞的參數，格式為 data: "{paraName:paraValue}",下面將會看到
dataType: 'json',
success: function(result) { //回呼函數，result，傳回值
alert(result.d);
}
});
});
});
//有參數調用
$(document).ready(function() {
$("#btn2").click(function() {
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
url: "Default2.aspx/GetWish",
data: "{value1:'心想事成',value2:'萬事如意',value3:'牛牛牛',value4:2009}",
dataType: 'json',
success: function(result) {
alert(result.d);
}
});
});
});
//返回集合（引用自網路，很說明問題）
$(document).ready(function() {
$("#btn3").click(function() {
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
url: "Default2.aspx/GetArray",
data: "{i:10}",
dataType: 'json',
success: function(result) {
$(result.d).each(function() {
alert(this);
$('#dictionary').append(this.toString() + " ");
//alert(result.d.join(" | "));
});
}
});
});
});
//返回複合類型
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#btn4').click(function() {
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json",
url: "Default2.aspx/GetClass",
data: "{}",
dataType: 'json',
success: function(result) {
$(result.d).each(function() {
//alert(this);
$('#dictionary').append(this['ID'] + " " + this['Value']);
//alert(result.d.join(" | "));
});
}
});
});
});
//Ajax 為使用者提供反饋，他們兩個方法可以添加給jQuery對象在Ajax前後回調
//但對與Ajax的監控，本身是全域性的
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#loading').ajaxStart(function() {
$(this).show();
}).ajaxStop(function() {
$(this).hide();
});
});
// 滑鼠移入移出效果，多個元素的時候，可以使用“，”隔開
$(document).ready(function() {
$('btn').hover(function() {
$(this).addClass('hover');
}, function() {
$(this).removeClass('hover');
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<input type="button" id="btn1" value="HelloWorld"/>
<input type="button" id="btn2" value="傳入參數"/>
<input type="button" id="btn3" value="返回集合"/>
<input type="button" id="btn4" value=" 返回複合類型"/>
</div>
<div id="dictionary">dictionary
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
利用Jquery讓返回的各類資料(string、集合(List<>)、類)以Json資料格式返回,為什麼要用到result.dusing System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.Services;
public partial class Default2 : System.Web.UI.Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
[WebMethod]
public static string HelloWorld()
{
return "123--->456";
}
[WebMethod]
public static string ABC(string ABC)
{
return ABC;
}
[WebMethod]
public static string GetWish(string value1, string value2, string value3, int value4)
{
return string.Format("祝您在{3}年裡 {0}、{1}、{2}", value1, value2, value3, value4);
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回集合
/// </summary>
/// <param name="i"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[WebMethod]
public static List<int> GetArray(int i)
{
List<int> list = new List<int>();
while (i >= 0)
{
list.Add(i--);
}
return list;
}
/// <summary>
/// 返回一個複合類型
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
[WebMethod]
public static Class1 GetClass()
{
return new Class1 { ID = "1", Value = "牛年大吉" };
}
public class Class1
{
public string ID { get; set; }
public string Value { get; set; }
}
}
Handler.ashx 代碼如下$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "Handler.ashx",
dataType: "json",
success: function(data){
alert(data.name); //返回的為 Json格式一(Js對象)
/* 返回的為 Json格式二(Js對象)
$(data).each(function(i) {
alert(data[i].name);
});
*/
}
});
以上基本上就第二種方法,可能有人不喜歡拼字串.那有什麼好辦法呢?答案是有.微軟對Json有很好的支援.<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="Handler" %>
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
public class Handler : IHttpHandler {
public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context) {
JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
// 返回的為Json格式一 Js對象
string data = "{"name":"wang","age":25}";
// 返回的為Json格式二 Js數組
//string data = "[{"name":"wang","age":25},{"name":"zhang","age":22}]";
context.Response.Write(data);
}
public bool IsReusable {
get {
return false;
}
}
}
ASP.Net中的JavaScriptSerializer為我們提供了很好的方法<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="Handler" %>
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic; // Dictionary<,> 索引值對集合所需
using System.Web.Script.Serialization; //JavaScriptSerializer 類所需
public class Handler : IHttpHandler {
public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context) {
JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
Dictionary<string, string> drow = new Dictionary<string, string>();
drow.Add("name", "Wang");
drow.Add("age", "24");
context.Response.Write(jss.Serialize(drow));
}
public bool IsReusable {
get {
return false;
}
}
}
調試結果如下圖 (上面例子是輸出了Json形式二的Js數組)<%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="Handler" %>
using System;
using System.Web;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
public class Handler : IHttpHandler {
public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context) {
JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
List<Dictionary<string, string>> _list = new List<Dictionary<string, string>>();
Dictionary<string, string> drow = new Dictionary<string, string>();
drow.Add("name", "Wang");
drow.Add("age", "24");
Dictionary<string, string> drow1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
drow1.Add("name", "Zhang");
drow1.Add("age", "35");
_list.Add(drow);
_list.Add(drow1);
context.Response.Write(jss.Serialize(_list));
}
public bool IsReusable {
get {
return false;
}
}
}
/// <summary>其實也有把Json格式轉換成DataTabel格式,方法如下
/// DataTable轉Json
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dtb"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string Dtb2Json(DataTable dtb)
{
JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
ArrayList dic = new ArrayList();
foreach (DataRow row in dtb.Rows)
{
Dictionary<string, object> drow = new Dictionary<string, object>();
foreach (DataColumn col in dtb.Columns)
{
drow.Add(col.ColumnName, row[col.ColumnName]);
}
dic.Add(drow);
}
return jss.Serialize(dic);
}
/// <summary>我們讓返回的Json以表格的形式顯示出來
/// Json轉DataTable
/// </summary>
/// <param name="json"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private DataTable Json2Dtb(string json)
{
JavaScriptSerializer jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
ArrayList dic = jss.Deserialize<ArrayList>(json);
DataTable dtb = new DataTable();
if (dic.Count > 0)
{
foreach (Dictionary<string, object> drow in dic)
{
if (dtb.Columns.Count == 0)
{
foreach (string key in drow.Keys)
{
dtb.Columns.Add(key, drow[key].GetType());
}
}
DataRow row = dtb.NewRow();
foreach (string key in drow.Keys)
{
row[key] = drow[key];
}
dtb.Rows.Add(row);
}
}
return dtb;
}
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "Handler.ashx",
dataType: "json",
success: function(data){
var table = $("<table border='1'></table>");
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
o1 = data[i];
var row = $("<tr></tr>");
for (key in o1)
{
var td = $("<td></td>");
td.text(o1[key].toString());
td.appendTo(row);}
row.appendTo(table);
}
table.appendTo($("#back"));
}
});
success: function(data){
$(data).each(function(i) {
for(key in this) // 遍曆Js對象的所有屬性
alert(data[i][key]);
//這裡就不能換成 data[i].key 否則key成了屬性而不是上面的key變數
});
}
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