Kafka+Zookeeper叢集搭建,kafkazookeeper叢集
上次介紹了ES叢集搭建的方法,希望能協助大家,這兒我再接著介紹kafka叢集,接著上次搭建的效果。
首先我們來簡單瞭解下什麼是kafka和zookeeper?
Apache kafka 是一個分布式的基於push-subscribe的訊息系統,它具備快速、可擴充、可持久化的特點。它現在是Apache旗下的一個開源系統,作為hadoop生態系統的一部分,被各種商業公司廣泛應用。它的最大的特性就是可以即時的處理大量資料以滿足各種需求情境:比如基於hadoop的批處理系統、低延遲的即時系統、storm/spark串流引擎。
特點:
- 高輸送量、低延遲:kafka每秒可以處理幾十萬條訊息,它的延遲最低只有幾毫秒
- 可擴充性:kafka叢集支援熱擴充
- 持久性、可靠性:訊息被持久化到本地磁碟,並且支援資料備份防止資料丟失
- 容錯性:允許叢集中節點失敗(若副本數量為n,則允許n-1個節點失敗)
- 高並發:支援數千個用戶端同時讀寫
ZooKeeper是一個分布式的,開放源碼的分布式應用程式協調服務,它包含一個簡單的原語集,分布式應用程式可以基於它實現同步服務,配置維護和命名服務等。
叢集角色:
- Leader伺服器是整個zookeeper叢集工作機制中的核心
- Follower伺服器是zookeeper叢集狀態的跟隨者
- Observer 伺服器充當一個觀察者的角色
接下來就直接進去正題,如何正確的搭建kafka和zookeeper叢集。
一、zookeeper叢集配置
1、修改主機名稱
kafka1.example.com --> 172.16.81.131kafka2.example.com --> 172.16.81.132
2、修改hosts檔案
[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 kafka1.example.com localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6[root@kafka2 opt]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 kafka2.example.com localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
3、安裝jdk
cd /optjdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gztar -zxvf jdk-8u131-linux-x64.tar.gzmv jdk-1.8.0_131 /usr/local/
4、配置jdk環境變數
[root@kafka1 opt]# tail -10 /etc/profile #JAVA環境變數 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131 export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin export JAVA_LIB=$JAVA_HOME/lib export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_LIB/tools.jar:$JAVA_LIB/dt.jar export PATH=$JAVA_BIN:$PATH export _JAVA_SR_SIGNUM=12 #zookeeper環境變數 export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper/ export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH[root@kafka2 opt]# tail -10 /etc/profile #JAVA環境變數 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_131 export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin export JAVA_LIB=$JAVA_HOME/lib export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_LIB/tools.jar:$JAVA_LIB/dt.jar export PATH=$JAVA_BIN:$PATH export _JAVA_SR_SIGNUM=12 #zookeeper環境變數 export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/zookeeper/ export PATH=$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH #應用環境變數 source /etc/profile
5、下載軟體包
zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
#解壓
tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.10.tar.gz
mv zookeeper-3.4.10 zookeeper
cd /opt/zookeeper/config/
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
6、編輯zookeeper設定檔
[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /opt/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' tickTime=2000 initLimit=20 syncLimit=10 dataDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/data datalogDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/logs clientPort=2181 server.1=172.16.81.131:2888:3888 server.2=172.16.81.132:2888:3888[root@kafka2 opt]# cat /opt/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg | grep -v '^#' | grep -v '^$' tickTime=2000 initLimit=20 syncLimit=10 dataDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/data datalogDir=/opt/data/zookeeper/logs clientPort=2181 server.1=172.16.81.131:2888:3888 server.2=172.16.81.132:2888:3888
#注意:在zookeeper設定檔中或者後面不能跟注釋文字,不然會報錯!
#說明:
tickTime: 這個時間是作為 Zookeeper 伺服器之間或用戶端與伺服器之間維持心跳的時間間隔,也就是每個 tickTime 時間就會發送一個心跳。
2888連接埠:表示的是這個伺服器與叢集中的 Leader 伺服器交換資訊的連接埠;
3888連接埠:表示的是萬一叢集中的 Leader 伺服器掛了,需要一個連接埠來重新進行選舉,選出一個新的 Leader,而這個連接埠就是用來執行選舉時伺服器相互連信的連接埠
7、分別在kafka1和kafka2伺服器上建立datadir目錄
mkdir -p /opt/kafka/datamkdir -p /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper
8、分別寫入id
[root@kafka1 opt]# echo "1" > /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper/myid [root@kafka2 ~]# echo "2" > /opt/kafka/data/zookeeper/myid#注意ID不能一樣
9、啟動zookeeper叢集
cd /opt/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start
10、啟動效果
[rootkafka1 ~]# netstat -nlpt | grep -E "2181|2888|3888"tcp 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 33644/javatcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.247:3888 :::* LISTEN 33644/java[root@kafka2 ~]# netstat -nlpt | grep -E "2181|2888|3888"tcp 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 35016/javatcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.248:2888 :::* LISTEN 35016/java #哪台是leader,那麼他就擁有2888連接埠tcp 0 0 ::ffff:10.1.1.248:3888 :::* LISTEN 35016/java
二、kafka叢集搭建
1、設定檔
[root@kafka1 opt]# cat /opt/kafka/config/server.properties | grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$'broker.id=1listeners=PLAINTEXT://172.16.81.131:9092num.network.threads=3num.io.threads=8socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400socket.request.max.bytes=104857600log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data/kafka-logsnum.partitions=10num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1offsets.topic.replication.factor=1transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1transaction.state.log.min.isr=1log.retention.hours=168log.segment.bytes=1073741824log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000zookeeper.connect=172.16.81.131:2181,172.16.81.132:2181zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0[root@kafka2 ~]# cat /opt/kafka/config/server.properties | grep -v '^#'|grep -v '^$'broker.id=2listeners=PLAINTEXT://172.16.81.132:9092num.network.threads=3num.io.threads=8socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400socket.request.max.bytes=104857600log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data/kafka-logsnum.partitions=10num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1offsets.topic.replication.factor=1transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1transaction.state.log.min.isr=1log.retention.hours=168log.segment.bytes=1073741824log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000zookeeper.connect=172.16.81.131:2181,172.16.81.132:2181zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0#注意:broker.id不能相同
2、啟動kafka叢集
/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/kafka/config/server.properties &
3、啟動效果
[root@kafka1 opt]# netstat -lntpActive Internet connections (only servers)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp6 0 0 :::47457 :::* LISTEN 6582/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.131:9092 :::* LISTEN 9260/java tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 6582/java tcp6 0 0 :::33230 :::* LISTEN 9260/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.131:3888 :::* LISTEN 6582/java [root@kafka2 ~]# netstat -lntpActive Internet connections (only servers)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:9092 :::* LISTEN 9395/java tcp6 0 0 :::42884 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:2888 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 172.16.81.132:3888 :::* LISTEN 6779/java tcp6 0 0 :::38557 :::* LISTEN 9395/java
4、測試zookeeper和kafka是否正常
(1)建立一個主題[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 2 --partitions 1 --topic summerCreated topic "summer".#注意:factor大小不能超過broker數,否則報錯,當前叢集broker值值為2(2)查看有哪些主題已經建立[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 172.16.81.132:2181summer[root@kafka1 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper 172.16.81.131:2181summer(3)查看topic的詳情[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summerTopic:summerPartitionCount:1ReplicationFactor:2Configs:Topic: summerPartition: 0Leader: 2Replicas: 2,1Isr: 2,1#主題名稱:summer#Partition:只有一個,從0開始#leader :id為2的broker#Replicas 副本存在於broker id為2,1的上面#Isr:活躍狀態的broker(4)發送訊息,這裡使用的是生產者角色[root@kafka2 ~]# /bin/bash /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic summer>Hello,wangyanlin>I am from china.>>>;>^C[root@kafka2 ~]# (5)接收訊息,這裡使用的是消費者角色[root@kafka2 ~]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer --from-beginningUsing the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper].Hello,wangyanlinI am from china.;^CProcessed a total of 5 messages[root@kafka1 kafka]# /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper 172.16.81.132:2181 --topic summer --from-beginningUsing the ConsoleConsumer with old consumer is deprecated and will be removed in a future major release. Consider using the new consumer by passing [bootstrap-server] instead of [zookeeper].Hello,wangyanlinI am from china.;^CProcessed a total of 5 messages(6)刪除消費主題/opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete --zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic summer開啟conf裡面的 delete.topic.enable改成true#測試正常!!完成!
測試kafka叢集能正常接收消費資訊和消費資訊!!
後續將發布配置logstash日誌收集和過濾,還有kibana圖形化展示。