Keepalived+Lvs+Mysql主主複製,keepalivedlvs
一簡介
Keepalived+lvs+mysql主主複製是比較常用的一種Mysql高可用方案,其中lvs 提供讀負載平衡,Keepalived通過虛擬vip漂移實現故障自動轉移,而Mysql雖然配置成主主複製,但是一般都是採用單點寫入來保證資料一致性。
整個方案實現非常簡單,僅需兩台伺服器即可,安裝配置也相對簡單,但需要自己寫指令碼實現keepalived服務的開啟和關閉,適用於只有兩台資料庫伺服器並且未實現讀寫分離的情境。系統整體結構框圖如下
二環境搭建
2.1 環境配置如下
Keepalived Server |
LVS Server |
LVS Realserver |
MySQL Master-Master |
Write VIP |
Read VIP |
OS |
MySQL |
Master 10.0.11.243 |
10.0.11.243 |
10.0.11.243 |
10.0.11.243 |
10.0.11.190 |
10.0.11.191 |
Centos6 |
Percona5.6 |
Backup 10.0.11.244 |
10.0.11.244 |
10.0.11.244 |
10.0.11.244 |
10.0.11.190 |
10.0.11.191 |
Centos6 |
Percona5.6 |
2.2 mysql master-master複製配置
主主複製配置本質上就是配置兩台伺服器互相的主從,實現比較簡單,大致步驟如下
2.2.1 在Master上建立一個複製賬戶
mysql>grantreplication slave on *.* to rep71@10.0.11.244identified by‘123456’;
mysql>flushprivileges;
2.2.2 修改兩台mysql設定檔my.cnf如下
##Replication General Config (both master and slave)
server-id= 101
log-bin= mysql-log-bin
auto-increment-increment= 2
auto-increment-offset= 1
binlog_format= row
relay_log= mysql-relay-bin
2.2.3 在Master伺服器上執行show master status,記錄下File和Position
mysql>show master status\G;
***************************1. row ***************************
File:mysql-log-bin.000005
Position:327933
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:test,mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
2.2.4 在Slave服務上執行
mysql> slave stop;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='10.0.11.243',
-> master_user='rep71',
-> master_password='123456',
-> master_log_file=' mysql-log-bin.000005',
-> master_log_pos=327933;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
2.2.5重複以上四個步驟,在Slave伺服器上建立賬戶rep72,show master status,在Master上start slave,這樣mysql的主主同步就配置好了,分別在兩台伺服器上運行show slave status,如果結果都顯示Slave_IO_Running: Yes,Slave_SQL_Running: Yes,則證明同步正常。
2.3 Keepalived的安裝
2.3.1 在 master、backup 伺服器都進行安裝:
wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
sudotar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz
cdipvsadm-1.24
sudoln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux
make
sudomake install
2.4 Keepalived 的安裝
2.4.1在 master、backup 伺服器都進行安裝:
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
tarzxvf keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz
cdkeepalived-1.1.19
yuminstall -y openssl openssl-devel
sudoyum install popt-devel –y
./configure--sysconf=/etc/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-308.el5-x86_64/
make
sudomake install
ln -s /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /sbin/
2.4.2 Master上的Keepalived 的配置
global_defs{
router_id mysqlmha1
}
vrrp_scriptcheck_run {
script"/etc/keepalived/check_mysqll.sh"
interval 1
}
vrrp_instanceVI_1 {
state MASTER
interface em1
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_run
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.11.190 dev em1 label em1:1
10.0.11.191 dev em1 label em1:2
}
}
virtual_server10.0.11.190 3306 {
delay_loop6
lb_algorr
lb_kindDR
persistence_timeout20
protocolTCP
sorry_server10.0.11.244 3306
real_server10.0.11.243 3306 {
weight3
TCP_CHECK{
connect_timeout3
nb_get_retry3
delay_before_retry3
connect_port3306
}
}
}
virtual_server10.0.11.191 3306 {
delay_loop6
lb_algorr
lb_kindDR
#persistence_timeout20
protocolTCP
real_server10.0.11.243 3306 {
weight3
TCP_CHECK{
connect_timeout3
nb_get_retry3
delay_before_retry3
connect_port3306
}
}
real_server10.0.11.244 3306 {
weight3
TCP_CHECK{
connect_timeout3
nb_get_retry3
delay_before_retry3
connect_port3306
}
}
}
2.4.3 Backup 的 keepalived 的配置
global_defs {
router_id mysqlmha1
}
vrrp_script check_run {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysqll.sh"
interval 1
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface em1
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_run
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.11.190 dev em1 label em1:1
10.0.11.191 dev em1 label em1:2
}
}
virtual_server 10.0.11.190 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 20
protocol TCP
sorry_server 10.0.11.244 3306
real_server 10.0.11.243 3306 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
virtual_server 10.0.11.191 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
#persistence_timeout 20
protocol TCP
real_server 10.0.11.243 3306 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
real_server 10.0.11.244 3306 {
weight 3
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
2.5 Master 和 backup 的 realserver 的配置
對於 realserver 的配置 master 和 backup 是一致的,指令碼內容如下:
#!/bin/bash
#description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp
SNS_VIP=10.1.11.190
SNS_VIP2=10.0.11.191
/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case"$1" in
start)
ifconfiglo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
ifconfiglo:1 $SNS_VIP2 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP2
/sbin/routeadd -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
/sbin/routeadd -host $SNS_VIP2 dev lo:1
echo"1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo"2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo"1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo"2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo"1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/em1/arp_ignore
echo"2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/em1/arp_announce
sysctl-p >/dev/null 2>&1
echo"RealServer Start OK"
;;
stop)
ifconfiglo:0 down
ifconfiglo:1 down
routedel $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
routedel $SNS_VIP2 >/dev/null 2>&1
echo"0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo"0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo"0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo"0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
echo"0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/em1/arp_ignore
echo"0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/em1/arp_announce
echo"RealServer Stoped"
;;
*)
echo"Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
exit1
esac
exit0
2.6 編輯指令碼控制Keepalived的開啟和停止
大體意思是只要檢測到mysql服務停止keepalived服務也停止 ,因為keepalived是通過組播方式告訴本網段自己還活著當mysql服務停止後keepalived還依然運行 這時就需要停止keepalived讓另一個主機獲得虛擬IP,可以在後台運行這個指令碼 也可以在keepalived設定檔加入這個指令碼,master和slave節點都需要,只是資料庫使用者名稱和密碼有區別
[root@244 ~]#more /etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh
#20140722
#!/bin/bash
MYSQL=/usr/bin/mysql
MYSQL_HOST=10.0.11.243
MYSQL_USER=root
MYSQL_PASSWORD=mysql
CHECK_TIME=3
#mysql isworking MYSQL_OK is 1 , mysql down MYSQL_OK is 0
MYSQL_OK=1
function check_mysql_helth (){
$MYSQL -h $MYSQL_HOST -u $MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD -e "showstatus;" >/dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? = 0 ] ;then
MYSQL_OK=1
else
MYSQL_OK=0
fi
return $MYSQL_OK
}
while [ $CHECK_TIME -ne 0 ]
do
let "CHECK_TIME -= 1"
check_mysql_helth
if [ $MYSQL_OK = 1 ] ; then
CHECK_TIME=0
exit 0
fi
if [ $MYSQL_OK -eq 0 ] && [ $CHECK_TIME -eq 0 ]
then
pkill keepalived
exit 1
fi
sleep 1
done
該指令碼需要有執行許可權,通過以下命令加上執行許可權
# chmod +x check_mysql.sh
2.7 測試Keepalived自動容錯移轉
Master和slave上執行sudo servicekeepalived start,在master上執行ip a
Slave上執行 ip a
從上可以看到masteMySQL上虛擬IP綁定成功,backup MySQL上keepalived服務正常運行,但無虛擬IP(這屬於正常)
用戶端能通過vip串連上mysql
停止master上的mysql服務,可發現Keepalived服務也會停止
這時候slave運行ip a發現綁定了虛擬ip,並且從庫mysql運行正常,而用戶端依舊能通過vip連上資料庫
重啟master的mysql和Keepalived以後,並在slave庫運行start slave,master運行ip a發現恢複之前的服務
2.8 測試lvs的負載平衡效果
啟動 master 和 backup 的 mysql 以後,再在 master 和 backup 執行如下命令啟
動 keepalived 和 realserver 指令碼:
/etc/rc.d/init.d/realserver.sh start
/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived start
運行master和backup上的sudo ipvsadm -ln可看到如下資訊
在用戶端通過read vip串連到mysql並執行幾次select,可考到inaction發生了變化,證明實現了負載平衡