leaflet-viz
Leaflet可視化平台
https://github.com/zrysmt/leaflet-viz
leaflet是一個開源的前端地圖互動類庫,比較輕量級,支援移動端。而且有豐富的外掛程式資源可供我們使用。
Echarts是百度開源的前端可視化類庫,提供豐富的前端可視化圖表,平台中重要的一部分是我們要將leaflet和Echarts結合在一起。
該平台是基於leaflet及其外掛程式搭建的一個方便可用的可視化平台。詳細參見[樣本Demo]。(https://zrysmt.github.io/demo/leaflet-demo/) 1. 安裝與編譯 安裝
npm install
編譯
debug模式
npm run dev
輸出
npm run build
2.樣本簡介
樣本地址:https://zrysmt.github.io/demo/leaflet-demo/
樣本包含最基本的GIS功能和可視化Demo 3.基礎的GIS功能 拖放、全圖、定位、列印出圖片、列印出PDF功能。
地圖縮放、比例尺顯示功能 測量面積和距離功能 圖層切換,提供豐富的圖層切換
地圖搜尋功能 基礎繪圖功能
4.可視化樣本
- 熱力圖
引入:
import '../common/leaflet-plugin/HeatLayer.js';
使用:
var heat = L.heatLayer([ [50.5, 30.5, 0.2], // lat, lng, intensity [50.6, 30.4, 0.5],...], {radius: 25}).addTo(map)
效果圖:
- 結合Echarts
let overlay = new L.echartsLayer3(map, echarts);let chartsContainer = overlay.getEchartsContainer();let myChart = overlay.initECharts(chartsContainer);window.onresize = myChart.onresize;console.log("chartsContainer:", chartsContainer);if (type == "qianxi") { overlay.setOption(ecOption);} else if (type == "scatter") { overlay.setOption(scatterOption);}
遷徙圖(選擇了高德衛星底圖)
散佈圖(選擇了Geoq午夜藍底圖)
- DivIcon結合Echarts
這個方案不太適合大資料量的渲染。
我寫了兩個簡單的功能函數,一個用來渲染可視化圖(echartsIcon),一個專門用來渲染圖例(echartsLegend)。
效果圖(底圖選擇了為google底圖)
import echartsIcon from '../common/plugin/echartsIcon.js'; //echartsLegendimport echartsLegend from '../common/plugin/echartsLegend.js'; //echartsLegend
let option = { tooltip: { trigger: 'item', formatter: "{a} <br/>{b} : {c} ({d}%)" }, series: [{ name: '訪問來源', type: 'pie', radius: '55%', center: ['50%', '50%'], label: { normal: { show: false }, emphasis: { show: false } }, lableLine: { normal: { show: false }, emphasis: { show: false } }, itemStyle: { emphasis: { shadowBlur: 10, shadowOffsetX: 0, shadowColor: 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5)' } } }]};//經緯度不能相同let latlngs = [ [30, 104], [31, 110], [34, 120]];option.datas = [ [ { value: 335, name: '直接存取' }, { value: 310, name: '郵件營銷' }, { value: 234, name: '聯盟廣告' }, { value: 135, name: '視頻廣告' }, { value: 1548, name: '搜尋引擎' } ], [ { value: 345, name: '直接存取' }, { value: 410, name: '郵件營銷' }, { value: 244, name: '聯盟廣告' }, { value: 145, name: '視頻廣告' }, { value: 548, name: '搜尋引擎' } ], [ { value: 445, name: '直接存取' }, { value: 410, name: '郵件營銷' }, { value: 244, name: '聯盟廣告' }, { value: 145, name: '視頻廣告' }, { value: 148, name: '搜尋引擎' } ],];echartsIcon(map, latlngs, option);//圖例let legendOption = { orient: 'vertical', left: 'left', width: "90px", height: "140px", data: ['直接存取', '郵件營銷', '聯盟廣告', '視頻廣告', '搜尋引擎']};echartsLegend(map, legendOption); leaflet-dvf
leaflet-dvf是一個基於leaflet的資料視覺效果架構,提供有比較多的可視化圖形。
import "../common/leaflet-plugin/Leaflet.dvf/css/dvf.css";import "leaflet-dvf";
地震圖:
收入水平圖:
需要的資料
import earthquakesData from '../data/earthquakes.json';import countryData from '../data/countryData.js';
地震圖代碼:
let lastLayer; let eqfeed_callback = function(data) { // Initialize framework linear functions for mapping earthquake data properties to Leaflet style properties // Color scale - green to red using the basic HSLHueFunction let magnitudeColorFunction = new L.HSLHueFunction(new L.Point(0, 90), new L.Point(10, 0), { outputSaturation: '100%', outputLuminosity: '25%', postProcess: null }); let magnitudeFillColorFunction = new L.HSLHueFunction(new L.Point(0, 90), new L.Point(10, 0), { outputSaturation: '100%', outputLuminosity: '50%', postProcess: null }); let magnitudeRadiusFunction = new L.LinearFunction(new L.Point(0, 10), new L.Point(10, 30), { postProcess: null }); let now = Math.round((new Date()).getTime()); let start = now - 86400000; // Initialize a linear function to map earthquake time to opacity let timeOpacityFunction = new L.LinearFunction(new L.Point(start, 0.3), new L.Point(now, 1)); let fontSizeFunction = new L.LinearFunction(new L.Point(0, 8), new L.Point(10, 24)); let textFunction = function(value) { return { text: value, style: { 'font-size': fontSizeFunction.evaluate(value) } }; }; // Setup a new data layer let dataLayer = new L.DataLayer(data, { recordsField: 'features', latitudeField: 'geometry.coordinates.1', longitudeField: 'geometry.coordinates.0', locationMode: L.LocationModes.LATLNG, displayOptions: { 'properties.mag': { displayName: '震級', color: magnitudeColorFunction, fillColor: magnitudeFillColorFunction, radius: magnitudeRadiusFunction, text: textFunction }, 'properties.time': { displayName: '時間', opacity: timeOpacityFunction, fillOpacity: timeOpacityFunction, displayText: function(value) { return moment.unix(value / 1000).format('MM/DD/YY HH:mm'); } } }, layerOptions: { numberOfSides: 4, radius: 10, weight: 1, color: '#000', opacity: 0.2, stroke: true, fillOpacity: 0.7, dropShadow: true, gradient: true }, tooltipOptions: { iconSize: new L.Point(90, 90), //hover框大小 iconAnchor: new L.Point(-4, 76) }, onEachRecord: function(layer, record, location) { let $html = $(L.HTMLUtils.buildTable(record)); layer.bindPopup($html.wrap('<div/>').parent().html(), { minWidth: 400, maxWidth: 400 }); } }); // Add the data layer to the map map.addLayer(dataLayer); lastLayer = dataLayer; }; this.mapSetting(); if (lastLayer) { map.removeLayer(lastLayer); } console.log("earthquakesData:", earthquakesData); eqfeed_callback(earthquakesData)
收入水平圖代碼:
let incomeLevelTypes = ['OEC', 'NOC', 'UMC', 'MIC', 'LMC', 'LIC', 'HPC'];let valueArray = [{ "id": "HIC", "value": "高收入(HIC)" }, { "id": "HPC", "value": "收入嚴重不足(HIPC)" }, { "id": "INX", "value": "未分類(INX)" }, { "id": "LIC", "value": "低收入(LIC)" }, { "id": "LMC", "value": "中等偏下(LMC)" }, { "id": "LMY", "value": "中低等收入" }, { "id": "MIC", "value": "中等收入(MIC)" }, { "id": "NOC", "value": "高收入:nonOECD(NOC)" }, { "id": "OEC", "value": "高收入: OECD(OEC)" }, { "id": "UMC", "value": "中等偏上(UMC)" }];let getMap = function(valueArray) { let map = {}; for (let index = 0; index < valueArray.length; ++index) { let value = valueArray[index]; map[value['id']] = value['value']; } return map;};let valueMap = getMap(valueArray);let incomeLevelToText = function(value) { return valueMap[incomeLevelTypes[value]];};let colorFunction1 = new L.HSLLuminosityFunction(new L.Point(0, 0.2), new L.Point(incomeLevelTypes.length - 1, 0.75), { outputHue: 0, outputLuminosity: '100%' });let fillColorFunction1 = new L.HSLLuminosityFunction(new L.Point(0, 0.5), new L.Point(incomeLevelTypes.length - 1, 1), { outputHue: 0, outputLuminosity: '100%' });let styles = new L.StylesBuilder(incomeLevelTypes, { displayName: incomeLevelToText, color: colorFunction1, fillColor: fillColorFunction1});let options = { recordsField: '1', locationMode: L.LocationModes.COUNTRY, codeField: 'id', displayOptions: { 'incomeLevel.id': { displayName: '收入水平', styles: styles.getStyles() } }, layerOptions: { fillOpacity: 0.7, opacity: 1, weight: 1 }, tooltipOptions: { iconSize: new L.Point(100, 65), iconAnchor: new L.Point(-5, 65) }, onEachRecord: function(layer, record) { let $html = $(L.HTMLUtils.buildTable(record)); layer.bindPopup($html.wrap('<div/>').parent().html(), { maxWidth: 400, minWidth: 400 }); }};let incomeLayer = new L.ChoroplethDataLayer(incomeLevels, options);let legendControl = new L.Control.Legend();legendControl.addTo(map);map.addLayer(incomeLayer);
5.GeoJSON
假設我們需要自己做個地圖,然後載入到平台中。這個時候可以使用我們提供了編輯欄,編輯後會得到座標,把座標轉成GeoJSON資料存到資料庫中,下次載入的時候解析即可。
還可以使用GIS工具,做成GeoJSON的資料,然後使用下面的方法載入,詳細說明的傳送門在這,當然這包括MapServer的東西,我們將在第六部分有簡要說明。
樣本圖:
引入資料:
import { json_china } from '../data/china.js';
function pop_0(feature, layer) {//部分有省略 let popupContent = '<table>\ <tr>\ <td colspan="2">面積:' + (feature.properties['AREA'] !== null ? Autolinker.link(String(feature.properties['AREA'])) : '') + '</td>\ </tr>\ <tr>\ <td colspan="2">周長:' + (feature.properties['PERIMETER'] !== null ? Autolinker.link(String(feature.properties['PERIMETER'])) : '') + '</td>\ </tr>\ <tr>\ <td colspan="2">名稱:' + (feature.properties['NAME'] !== null ? Autolinker.link(String(feature.properties['NAME'])) : '') + '</td>\ </tr>\ </table>'; layer.bindPopup(popupContent);}function style_0() { return { pane: 'pane_0', opacity: 1, color: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.494117647059)', dashArray: '', lineCap: 'butt', lineJoin: 'miter', weight: 1.0, fillOpacity: 1, fillColor: 'rgba(64,98,210,0.494117647059)', }}map.createPane('pane_0');map.getPane('pane_0').style.zIndex = 400;map.getPane('pane_0').style['mix-blend-mode'] = 'normal';let layer_0 = new L.geoJson(json_china, { attribution: '<a href=""></a>', pane: 'pane_0', onEachFeature: pop_0, style: style_0});
6.MapServer
再進一步,如果我們想要自己的地圖伺服器,這個時候就需要使用到了MapServer,具體的說明見傳送門
有個樣本在test檔案夾下:leaflet-mapserver.html。注意這個是需要配置好伺服器的,在這裡直接預覽是不能成功的。
樣本得到我們的世界地圖的地圖伺服器。
其實leaflet和D3等開源庫結合起來,能得到很多豐富多彩的可視化圖,姑且留下點神秘,這裡就不再探究兩者結合的神奇魅力了。