lsof 應用執行個體分享以及Oracle 資料檔案刪除恢複測試

      ㈠ lsof 應用執行個體
     
       

         ① 尋找指定連接埠被哪個程式佔用：

[root@temp ~]# lsof -i :80COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAMEhttpd   10278   root    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10280 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10281 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10282 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10283 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10284 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10285 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10286 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)httpd   10287 apache    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

         ② 尋找指定檔案正在被誰使用：

[root@temp ~]# lsof /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbfCOMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF    NODE NAMEoracle  11239 oracle   23uW  REG    8,2 83894272 1169914 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbforacle  11241 oracle   29u   REG    8,2 83894272 1169914 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbforacle  11245 oracle   21u   REG    8,2 83894272 1169914 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbforacle  11251 oracle   22u   REG    8,2 83894272 1169914 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbforacle  11260 oracle   19u   REG    8,2 83894272 1169914 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf

            ③ 尋找某個使用者開啟的檔案

[root@temp ~]# lsof -u oracle COMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE  SIZE/OFF    NODE NAMEbash     5601 oracle  cwd    DIR    8,2      4096 1491645 /home/oraclebash     5601 oracle  rtd    DIR    8,2      4096       2 /bash     5601 oracle  txt    REG    8,2    735804 1782911 /bin/bashbash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2      5436  584246 /usr/lib/gconv/ISO8859-1.sobash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    130860  390859 /lib/ld-2.5.sobash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2   1706072  391064 /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc-2.5.sobash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     20668  391065 /lib/libdl-2.5.sobash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     13276  391090 /lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8bash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     50848  389032 /lib/libnss_files-2.5.sobash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     25462  584323 /usr/lib/gconv/gconv-modules.cachebash     5601 oracle  mem    REG    8,2  56449792  491499 /usr/lib/locale/locale-archivebash     5601 oracle    0u   CHR  136,1       0t0       3 /dev/pts/1.....................................

        ④ 尋找某個程式現在正開啟的檔案

-c：程式名-p：pid [root@temp ~]# lsof -c  initCOMMAND PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF    NODE NAMEinit      1 root  cwd    DIR    8,2     4096       2 /init      1 root  rtd    DIR    8,2     4096       2 /init      1 root  txt    REG    8,2    38652 1620888 /sbin/initinit      1 root  mem    REG    8,2   130860  390859 /lib/ld-2.5.soinit      1 root  mem    REG    8,2  1706072  391064 /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc-2.5.soinit      1 root  mem    REG    8,2    20668  391065 /lib/libdl-2.5.soinit      1 root  mem    REG    8,2   245376  391081 /lib/libsepol.so.1init      1 root  mem    REG    8,2    93508  391082 /lib/libselinux.so.1init      1 root   10u  FIFO   0,16      0t0    1322 /dev/initctl

        ⑤ 尋找某個使用者的所有網路連接

[root@temp ~]# lsof -a -u oracle -iCOMMAND   PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAMEsqlplus  5631 oracle    7u  IPv4  42558      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:52493 oracle  11233 oracle   15u  IPv4  42442      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:62999 oracle  11255 oracle   14u  IPv4  42529      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:18473 oracle  11255 oracle   15u  IPv4  42530      0t0  TCP *:4048 (LISTEN)oracle  11257 oracle   14u  IPv4  42540      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:8690 oracle  11260 oracle   22u  IPv4  42728      0t0  UDP *:12147 

        ⑥ 尋找所有開啟的網路連接

類似的：lsof -i tcp lsof -i udp lsof -i tcp:80 [root@temp ~]# lsof -iCOMMAND     PID    USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAMEcupsd      3062    root    4u  IPv4   8720      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:ipp (LISTEN)cupsd      3062    root    6u  IPv4   8723      0t0  UDP *:ipp portmap    3600     rpc    3u  IPv4   9798      0t0  UDP *:sunrpc portmap    3600     rpc    4u  IPv4   9799      0t0  TCP *:sunrpc (LISTEN)rpc.statd  3636 rpcuser    3u  IPv4   9992      0t0  UDP *:dhcp-failover2 rpc.statd  3636 rpcuser    6u  IPv4   9978      0t0  UDP *:844 rpc.statd  3636 rpcuser    7u  IPv4  10005      0t0  TCP *:850 (LISTEN)hpiod      3890    root    0u  IPv4  12249      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:2208 (LISTEN)hpssd.py   3895    root    4u  IPv4  12267      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:2207 (LISTEN)sshd       3908    root    3u  IPv6  12303      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)sshd       3908    root    4u  IPv4  12305      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)sendmail   3939    root    4u  IPv4  12415      0t0  TCP localhost.localdomain:smtp (LISTEN)avahi-dae  4149   avahi   13u  IPv4  12875      0t0  UDP *:mdns avahi-dae  4149   avahi   14u  IPv6  12876      0t0  UDP *:mdns avahi-dae  4149   avahi   15u  IPv4  12877      0t0  UDP *:8990 avahi-dae  4149   avahi   16u  IPv6  12878      0t0  UDP *:6857 dnsmasq    4169  nobody    5u  IPv4  13032      0t0  UDP *:bootps dnsmasq    4169  nobody    6u  IPv4  13038      0t0  TCP 192.168.122.1:domain (LISTEN)dnsmasq    4169  nobody    7u  IPv4  13039      0t0  UDP 192.168.122.1:domain cimserver  4172 cimsrvr    7u  IPv6  13141      0t0  TCP *:wbem-https (LISTEN)dhclient   4721    root    5u  IPv4  13899      0t0  UDP *:bootpc sqlplus    5631  oracle    7u  IPv4  42558      0t0  UDP localhost.localdomain:52493 httpd     10278    root    3u  IPv6  37812      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

     ㈡ 資料檔案恢複測試
     
     
        原理：
     
        後台進程會維護一個檔案清單、鎖定開啟的檔案
        對Oracle而言、如果檔案被刪除、但該檔案控制代碼尚未被關閉、則可通過lsof輸出看到標識為deleted
        通過 proc 的檔案目錄、能找到該檔案控制代碼資訊、這便是Oracle的資料檔案
      

** 測試之前****[oracle@temp datafile]$ ls -alhtotal 1.3Gdrwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4.0K May  9 20:37 .drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4.0K Jul 17  2012 ..-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 101M Jun 19 14:19 o1_mf_example_8050jhm7_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  81M Jun 19 14:19 o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 271M Jun 19 19:00 o1_mf_sysaux_8050fk3w_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 491M Jun 19 18:56 o1_mf_system_8050fk2z_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  33M Jun 17 22:00 o1_mf_temp_8050j34j_.tmp-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 236M Jun 19 18:59 o1_mf_undotbs1_8050fkc6_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  47M Jun 19 17:12 o1_mf_users_8050fkdh_.dbf** 看看 dbwr 開啟的所有檔案 **[root@temp ~]# ps -ef | grep dbworacle    5643     1  0 14:19 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orclroot     10741  8274  0 19:00 pts/3    00:00:00 grep dbw** 運用lsof 列出所有被 dbwr 開啟的檔案 **[root@temp ~]# lsof -p 5643COMMAND  PID   USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE  SIZE/OFF    NODE NAMEoracle  5643 oracle  cwd    DIR    8,2      4096 1556206 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbsoracle  5643 oracle  rtd    DIR    8,2      4096       2 /oracle  5643 oracle  txt    REG    8,2  93362427 1557452 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/oracleoracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     70077 1565448 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libclsra10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     50848  389032 /lib/libnss_files-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2      1544 1555978 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_orcl.datoracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     20668  391065 /lib/libdl-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    216560  391071 /lib/i686/nosegneg/libm-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2   1211519 1565413 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libocrb10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    130860  390859 /lib/ld-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2      2632  497850 /usr/lib/libaio.so.1.0.1oracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    728411 1565414 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libocrutl10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    137960  391066 /lib/i686/nosegneg/libpthread-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2   1706072  391064 /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    143485 1006037 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libskgxp10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    109740  391078 /lib/libnsl-2.5.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2    854560 1565412 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libocr10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2     98079 1560689 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libdbcfg10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2   2365801 1565447 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libhasgen10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2      8069 1560800 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libskgxn2.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2   5480533 1565995 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libnnz10.sooracle  5643 oracle  mem    REG    8,2   9017903 1558479 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/libjox10.sooracle  5643 oracle  DEL    REG    0,9           5603346 /SYSVbe3bb918oracle  5643 oracle  mem    CHR    1,5              1559 /dev/zerooracle  5643 oracle    0r   CHR    1,3       0t0    1557 /dev/nulloracle  5643 oracle    1r   CHR    1,3       0t0    1557 /dev/nulloracle  5643 oracle    2r   CHR    1,3       0t0    1557 /dev/nulloracle  5643 oracle    3r   CHR    1,3       0t0    1557 /dev/nulloracle  5643 oracle    4r   CHR    1,3       0t0    1557 /dev/nulloracle  5643 oracle    5w   REG    8,2       624 1206137 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump/orcl_ora_5634.trcoracle  5643 oracle    6w   REG    8,2    232742  324300 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.logoracle  5643 oracle    7u   REG    8,2         0 1169911 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkinstorcl (deleted)oracle  5643 oracle    8w   REG    8,2    232742  324300 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump/alert_orcl.logoracle  5643 oracle    9u   REG    8,2      1544 1555978 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_orcl.datoracle  5643 oracle   10u   REG    8,2      1298  230930 /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump/ora_5634.audoracle  5643 oracle   11r   CHR    1,5       0t0    1559 /dev/zerooracle  5643 oracle   12r   CHR    1,5       0t0    1559 /dev/zerooracle  5643 oracle   13r   REG    8,2    834560 1565481 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msboracle  5643 oracle   14u   REG    8,2      1544 1555978 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/hc_orcl.datoracle  5643 oracle   15uR  REG    8,2        24 1555979 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/lkORCLoracle  5643 oracle   16u   REG    8,2   7094272 1977496 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_823mrrdo_.ctloracle  5643 oracle   17u   REG    8,2   7094272 1851190 /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/controlfile/o1_mf_823mrrrp_.ctloracle  5643 oracle   18uW  REG    8,2 513810432 1977493 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_8050fk2z_.dbforacle  5643 oracle   19uW  REG    8,2 246423552 1977494 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_8050fkc6_.dbforacle  5643 oracle   20uW  REG    8,2 283123712 1977489 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_8050fk3w_.dbforacle  5643 oracle   21uW  REG    8,2  48504832 1977490 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_8050fkdh_.dbforacle  5643 oracle   22uW  REG    8,2 104865792 1977491 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_example_8050jhm7_.dbforacle  5643 oracle   23uW  REG    8,2  83894272 1977501 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf (deleted)oracle  5643 oracle   24uW  REG    8,2  33562624 1977492 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_temp_8050j34j_.tmporacle  5643 oracle   25r   REG    8,2    834560 1565481 /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/mesg/oraus.msb** 把 o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf 刪除 **[oracle@temp datafile]$ rm -rf o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf** 列出23 號檔案控制代碼的資訊 ***[root@temp ~]# ls -alh /proc/5643/fd/23lrwx------ 1 oracle oinstall 64 06-19 18:08 /proc/5643/fd/23 -> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf (deleted)** 直接複製過去就行了 **[root@temp ~]# cp /proc/5643/fd/23 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/[root@temp ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/23*** 重新命名 *****[oracle@temp datafile]$ ls -ltotal 1283716-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  83894272 Jun 19 19:11 23-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Jun 19 14:19 o1_mf_example_8050jhm7_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 283123712 Jun 19 19:12 o1_mf_sysaux_8050fk3w_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 513810432 Jun 19 19:12 o1_mf_system_8050fk2z_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  33562624 Jun 17 22:00 o1_mf_temp_8050j34j_.tmp-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 246423552 Jun 19 19:12 o1_mf_undotbs1_8050fkc6_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  48504832 Jun 19 17:12 o1_mf_users_8050fkdh_.dbf[oracle@temp datafile]$ mv 23 o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf[oracle@temp datafile]$ ls -alhtotal 1.3Gdrwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4.0K Jun 19 19:14 .drwxr-xr-x 5 oracle oinstall 4.0K Jul 17  2012 ..-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 101M Jun 19 14:19 o1_mf_example_8050jhm7_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  81M Jun 19 19:11 o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 271M Jun 19 19:13 o1_mf_sysaux_8050fk3w_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 491M Jun 19 19:13 o1_mf_system_8050fk2z_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  33M Jun 17 22:00 o1_mf_temp_8050j34j_.tmp-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 236M Jun 19 19:13 o1_mf_undotbs1_8050fkc6_.dbf-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  47M Jun 19 17:12 o1_mf_users_8050fkdh_.dbf** 查看狀態 **sys@ORCL> shutdown immediateDatabase closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down.sys@ORCL> startupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area  419430400 bytesFixed Size                  1219760 bytesVariable Size             104858448 bytesDatabase Buffers          310378496 bytesRedo Buffers                2973696 bytesDatabase mounted.ORA-01113: file 6 needs media recoveryORA-01110: data file 6: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf'sys@ORCL> recover datafile 6;Media recovery complete.sys@ORCL> alter database open;Database altered.sys@ORCL> select file_name,status from dba_data_files where FILE_ID=6;FILE_NAME                                                            STATUS-------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_ggs_data_8rq64t53_.dbf   AVAILABLE

By David Lin

2013-06-19

Always be a first-rate version of yourself,instead of a second-rate version of someone else.