Python遍曆目錄的多種方式

標籤：python   遍曆   

1.os.popen運行shell列表命令

def traverseDirByShell(path):    for f in os.popen(‘ls ‘ + path):        print f.strip()

2.利用glob模組

glob.glob(path)返回帶目錄的檔案名稱.萬用字元和shell相似.path不能包含shell變數.

def traverseDirByGlob(path):    path = os.path.expanduser(path)    for f in glob(path + ‘/*‘):        print f.strip()

3.利用os.listdir(推薦)

該方法返回不帶根目錄的檔案名稱或子目錄名

def traverseDirByListdir(path):    path = os.path.expanduser(path)    for f in os.listdir(path):        print f.strip()

4.利用os.walk(推薦)

返回一個包含3個項目的元組:目前的目錄名稱,子目錄名稱,子檔案名稱

def traverseDirByOSWalk(path):    path = os.path.expanduser(path)    for (dirname, subdir, subfile) in os.walk(path):        #print(‘dirname is %s, subdir is %s, subfile is %s‘ % (dirname, subdir, subfile))        print(‘[‘ + dirname + ‘]‘)        for f in subfile:            print(os.path.join(dirname, f))

整合代碼:

#!/usr/bin/pythonimport osfrom glob import globdef printSeparator(func):    def deco(path):        print("call method %s, result is:" % func.__name__)        print("-" * 40)        func(path)        print("=" * 40)    return deco@printSeparatordef traverseDirByShell(path):    for f in os.popen(‘ls ‘ + path):        print f.strip()@printSeparatordef traverseDirByGlob(path):    path = os.path.expanduser(path)    for f in glob(path + ‘/*‘):        print f.strip()@printSeparatordef traverseDirByListdir(path):    path = os.path.expanduser(path)    for f in os.listdir(path):        print f.strip()@printSeparatordef traverseDirByOSWalk(path):    path = os.path.expanduser(path)    for (dirname, subdir, subfile) in os.walk(path):        #print(‘dirname is %s, subdir is %s, subfile is %s‘ % (dirname, subdir, subfile))        print(‘[‘ + dirname + ‘]‘)        for f in subfile:            print(os.path.join(dirname, f))if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:    path = r‘~/src/py‘    traverseDirByGlob(path)    traverseDirByGlob(path)    traverseDirByListdir(path)    traverseDirByOSWalk(path)

Python遍曆目錄的多種方式