檢測Oracle資料庫壞塊的方法

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檢測Oracle資料庫壞塊的方法

檢測Oracle資料庫壞塊的辦法:

1、使用DBV(DB File Verify)工具;

2、使用RMAN(Recovery Manager)工具;

DBV(DB File Verify)工具:

外部命令,物理介質資料結構完整性檢查;

只能用於資料檔案(offline或online),不支援控制檔案和重做記錄檔的塊檢查;

也可以驗證備份檔案(rman的copy命令備份或作業系統CP命令備份);

進入盤符,然後執行以下指令碼:

D:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl>dbv file=ZL9MTLBASE.DBF blocksize=8192;

RMAN(Recovery Manager)工具:

邏輯資料結構完整性檢查;

線上使用Recovery Manager掃描壞塊和備份時,需要資料庫運行在歸檔模式(archive log),否則只能在資料庫未開啟(mount)的情況下進行;

RMAN>backup check logical validate datafile n ;

以上命令可以檢查資料檔案是否包含壞塊,同時並不產生實際的備份輸出。

而且當使用Recovery Manager進行實際的Database Backup時,同時也就進行了壞塊檢查。

 

直接使用RMAN的命令:backup validate check logical database;

結合V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION視圖更方便。

1)、rman target / nocatalog

2)、RMAN> spool log to 'd:/dbbak/rmanlog.log';---指定輸出rman記錄檔

RMAN> run {
 
allocate channel d1 type disk;
 
allocate channel d2 type disk;
 
allocate channel d3 type disk;
 
allocate channel d4 type disk;
 
backup validate check logical database;
 
};

3)、select * from V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION;

4) 、--If V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION contains rows please run this query to find the objects that contains the corrupted blocks:

 


SELECT e.owner,

      e.segment_type,

      e.segment_name,

      e.partition_name,

      c.file#,

      greatest(e.block_id, c.block#) corr_start_block#,

      least(e.block_id + e.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) corr_end_block#,

      least(e.block_id + e.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) -

      greatest(e.block_id, c.block#) + 1 blocks_corrupted,

      null description

  FROM dba_extents e, v$database_block_corruption c

 WHERE e.file_id = c.file#

  AND e.block_id <= c.block# + c.blocks - 1

  AND e.block_id + e.blocks - 1 >= c.block#

UNION

SELECT s.owner,

      s.segment_type,

      s.segment_name,

      s.partition_name,

      c.file#,

      header_block corr_start_block#,

      header_block corr_end_block#,

      1 blocks_corrupted,

      'Segment Header' description

  FROM dba_segments s, v$database_block_corruption c

 WHERE s.header_file = c.file#

  AND s.header_block between c.block# and c.block# + c.blocks - 1

UNION

SELECT null owner,

      null segment_type,

      null segment_name,

      null partition_name,

      c.file#,

      greatest(f.block_id, c.block#) corr_start_block#,

      least(f.block_id + f.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) corr_end_block#,

      least(f.block_id + f.blocks - 1, c.block# + c.blocks - 1) -

      greatest(f.block_id, c.block#) + 1 blocks_corrupted,

      'Free Block' description

  FROM dba_free_space f, v$database_block_corruption c

 WHERE f.file_id = c.file#

  AND f.block_id <= c.block# + c.blocks - 1

  AND f.block_id + f.blocks - 1 >= c.block#

 order by file#, corr_start_block#;

 

 

5)、

SELECT tablespace_name, segment_type, owner, segment_name
FROM dba_extents
        WHERE file_id = &fileid
and &blockid between block_id AND block_id + blocks - 1;

警示日誌中快速識別:

遇到壞塊問題時,資料庫的異常表現通常有: 

報告ORA-01578錯誤。 

報告ORA-1110錯誤。 

報告ORA-00600錯誤。其中,第一個參數為2000-8000,Cache layer 2000 – 4000,Transaction layer 4000 – 6000,Data layer 6000 - 8000。 

Trace檔案中出現Corrupt block dba: 0x160c5958 . found。 分析對象失敗。 

後台進程,如DBWR,LGWR出現長時間異常等待,如LGWR wait for redo copy。

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