監控之--Nagios如何監控本地主機及本地服務

標籤：nfs服務   msyql   nagios   監控   營運自動化   

上一節內容介紹了Nagios監控服務在linux環境下的安裝過程，本節內容將詳細介紹如何使用已經安裝的Nagios服務的一些設定檔的使用以及如何監控本地相關服務，如要完成對一台主機的監控Nagios作為主程式是必不可少的，但是僅僅只要nagios也是完成不了的，以下內容簡單介紹下nagios的主設定檔和對本地主機的監控

Nagios監控看那個角色配置：

    監控端和被監控端的收據收集（C/S架構），監控端和使用者（B/S架構）之間的資料呈現

    Nagios主程式，外掛程式包，nrpe等相關外掛程式

一、設定檔檢查

1.1 查看nagios主目錄相關功能

[[email protected]]# ll /usr/local/nagios/bin             #Nagios執行程式所在目錄etc             #nagios設定檔坐在目錄，初始安裝只有幾個*.cfg檔案俺libexec         #監控所用命令，需要安裝了nagios-plugins外掛程式了才會有，檢測命令，不裝是空的sbin            #Nagios的Cgi檔案所在目錄，外部命令所需要的檔案存放目錄share           #Nagios前端頁面var             #記錄檔，pid檔案等

1.2 檢查設定檔是否存在錯誤

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg …………………………………………Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...Checking misc settings...Total Warnings: 0Total Errors:   0

設定檔無異常，警告0，錯誤0

1.3 指定設定檔以守護進程的方式啟動

[[email protected] ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

1.4 nagios.conf主要配置內容

[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  | grep -E -v "^#|^$"log_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log                #日誌位置cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg      #命令檔案位置cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg      #定義連絡人cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg   #定義時間段cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg     #定義模板(連絡人主機模板)cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/linehost.cfg      #監控遠程主機相關配置(監控遠程主機添加的設定檔)cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg     #監控本機相關配置object_cache_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.cache    #precached_object_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.precacheresource_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg         #資源變數設定檔，包括$USER1$變數（一個路徑）status_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/status.dat status_update_interval=10                                #狀態更新時間，單位snagios_user=nagios                                       #指定守護進程運行使用者nagios_group=nagios                                      #指定進程運行使用者組check_external_commands=1                                #命令檢查command_check_interval=-1command_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmdexternal_command_buffer_slots=4096lock_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.locktemp_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.tmptemp_path=/tmpevent_broker_options=-1log_rotation_method=d                                    #日誌滾動，預設天log_archive_path=/usr/local/nagios/var/archives          sleep_time=0.25service_check_timeout=60                                   #伺服器檢查逾時時間host_check_timeout=30event_handler_timeout=30                                   notification_timeout=30ocsp_timeout=5perfdata_timeout=5

[[email protected] ~]# ls /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg                  #cgi設定檔，優先順序高於nagios.cfg[[email protected] ~]# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg | grep -E -v ‘^#|^$‘main_config_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg               #指定Nagios的設定檔位置 physical_html_path=/usr/local/nagios/share                      #指定web訪問的實體路徑url_html_path=/nagios                                           #在url後加nagios方能訪問show_context_help=0                                             #use_pending_states=1use_authentication=1                                            #使用認證功能use_ssl_authentication=0 authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,admin             #認證使用者…………

二、Nagios監控服務的健康狀態

2.1 監控本地NFS服務狀態

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/[[email protected] objects]# cp localhost.cfg localhost.cfg.bak在檔案末尾添加以下內容define service{        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use        host_name                       localhost        service_description             NFS        check_command                   check_tcp!2049        notifications_enabled           0        } 配置nagios.cfg主設定檔 [[email protected] objects]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg  cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

 安裝和啟動NFS伺服器

[[email protected] objects]# mkdir /nfs[[email protected] objects]# vim /etc/exports /nfs *(rw)[[email protected] objects]# /etc/init.d/nfs restart驗證nfs[[email protected] objects]# showmount -e 192.168.31.101Export list for 192.168.31.101:/nfs *

檢查localhost是否已經正常啟用，檢查nagios設定檔，如無錯誤，則重啟nagios服務

[[email protected] objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg [[email protected] objects]# service nagios restart

驗證

[[email protected] objects]# service nfs stop[[email protected] objects]# service nfs restart

2.2 Nagios遠程監控Mysql資料庫狀態

安裝mysql伺服器

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel

[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld restart

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

建立測試資料庫

mysql> create database nagiostest;mysql> grant select on nagiostest.* to [email protected]"localhost";mysql> flush privileges;

測試

[[email protected] objects]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mysql -H 127.0.0.1 -u nagiostest -d nagiostestUptime: 438  Threads: 2  Questions: 11  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 8  Queries per second avg: 0.25|Connections=4c;;; Open_files=16;;; Open_tables=8;;; Qcache_free_memory=0;;; Qcache_hits=0c;;; Qcache_inserts=0c;;; Qcache_lowmem_prunes=0c;;; Qcache_not_cached=0c;;; Qcache_queries_in_cache=0;;; Queries=11c;;; Questions=11c;;; Table_locks_waited=0c;;; Threads_connected=2;;; Threads_running=1;;; Uptime=438c;;;[[email protected] objects]#

命令添加（添加的command_name必須在/usr/local/nagios/libexec/該檔案夾下存在）

[[email protected] objects]# vim commands.cfg     define command{        command_name    check_mysql        command_line    $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u nagiostest -d nagiostest}[[email protected] objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

無報錯和警告則重啟nagios服務

測試：關閉msyqld服務

[[email protected] libexec]# service mysqld stop

2.3監控遠程主機mysql服務及其他服務

[[email protected] objects]# vim ../nagios.cfg 新增配置監控設定檔及服務cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/remodehost.cfgcfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfgdefine host{        use             linux-server        host_name       node2.cn        alias           MySQL-Serve        address         192.168.31.102        icon_image      server.gif        statusmap_image server.gd2        2d_coords       500,200        3d_coords       500,200,100}

添加監控的服務，可參考localhost.cfg設定檔相關服務配置方式進行配置

[[email protected] objects]# vim services.cfg define service{        use                     local-service        host_name               node2.cn        service_groups          MysqlGroup        service_description     MySqlSev        check_command           check_mysql}define service{        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use        host_name                       node2.cn        service_description             PING        check_command                   check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%        }define service{        use                             local-service         ; Name of service template to use        host_name                       node2.cn        service_description             Root Partition        check_command                   check_local_disk!20%!10%!/        }        …………define servicegroup{        servicegroup_name       MysqlGroup        alias                   MySQLServer        members                 node2.cn,MySqlSev}

檢查設定檔無錯誤和警告資訊則重啟服務

[[email protected] objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg [[email protected] objects]# service nagios restart

通過瀏覽器查看web端監控主機情況

本文出自 “小熊營運” 部落格，請務必保留此出處http://maoxiaoxiong.blog.51cto.com/11705634/1980785

監控之--Nagios如何監控本地主機及本地服務