標籤:mysql基礎命令 mysql基本操作
一、mysql服務作業
單一實例:
(1)啟動與關閉mysql
[[email protected] ~]$ /etc/init.d/mysql start
[[email protected] ~]$ netstat -lnt | grep 3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN
[[email protected] ~]$ /etc/init.d/mysql stop
注意:/etc/init.d/mysql 由mysql-5.6.20.tar.gz解壓目錄/mysql-5.6.20/support-files/mysql.server.sh複製而來
(2)安全模式啟動(生產環境不推薦使用)
[[email protected] home]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[[email protected] home]# 151207 12:16:22 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/usr/local/data/mysql.err‘.
151207 12:16:22 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/data
[[email protected] home]# netstat -tlnp | grep 3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2317/mysqld
[[email protected] home]# killall mysqld 或者kill -9 mysqld
多運行幾次,直到顯示:mysqld: no process killed
多執行個體:
(1)啟動與關閉mysql
/data/3306/mysql start
/data/3307/mysql start
/data/3306/mysql stop
/data/3307/mysql stop
需要自己寫啟動指令碼
二、登陸Mysql方法
(1)單一實例
[[email protected] home]# mysql 剛安裝完成無密碼情況登陸方式
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot 剛安裝完成無密碼情況登陸方式
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p 標準dba登陸方式,避免密碼被看見
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p‘111111‘ 非指令碼一般不這樣用,避免密碼被看見
mysql> 登陸後預設提示符號
(2)多執行個體:
[[email protected] run]# mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/data/mysql.sock
[[email protected] run]# mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/data1/mysql.sock
通過mysql -S命令指定不同的sock檔案登陸不同的服務中
(3)登陸後的顯示資訊
[[email protected] home]# mysql -uroot -p 登陸方式
Enter password: 密碼輸入
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. mysql命令以; 或 \g 結尾
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.20-log Source distribution 當前server版本
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement. 查看協助資訊
mysql>
注意:上述資訊很有用,可以直觀瞭解mysql。
(4)巧用Mysql的help
如授權:mysql> help grant
GRANT ALL ON db1.* TO ‘jeffrey‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘mypass‘;
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘tangbo‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘111111‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
(5)退出mysql
mysql> quit 或 exit
三、修改mysql的root密碼
(1)安裝mysql後,預設的root密碼為空白,很不安全,所以要設定密碼
單一實例:[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password ‘111111‘
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
警告:使用命令列介面的密碼方式不安全
多執行個體:[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p‘111111‘ password ‘111111‘ -S /usr/local/data/mysql.sock
(2)修改root密碼方法一
[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p‘111111‘ password ‘tangbo‘
[[email protected] ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p‘111111‘ password ‘111111‘ -S /usr/local/data/mysql.sock
(3)修改root密碼方法二
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password ("tangbo") where user=‘root‘
mysql> flush privileges;
(4)修改root密碼方法三
Mysql安裝完畢後,root預設口令為空白,需要馬上修改root密碼
mysql> set password=password(‘tangbo‘);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
*******************生產環境,密碼必須複雜********************
四、找回丟失的mysql root 密碼
單一實例啟動方法:
killall mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-table &
mysql -u root -p
或者把它寫設定檔 my.cnf: skip-grant-tables
多執行個體啟動方法:
killall mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3306/my.cnf --skip-grant-table &
mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock 登陸時空密碼
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MySQL基本操作總結