使用mysqlbinlog命令恢複資料庫。
binlog是通過記錄二進位檔案方式來備份資料,然後在從二進位檔案將資料恢複到某一時段或某一操作點。
1:開啟binlog日誌記錄
修改mysql設定檔mysql.ini,在[mysqld]節點下添加
Xml代碼
- # log-bin
- log-bin = E:/log/logbin.log
# log-binlog-bin = E:/log/logbin.log
路徑中不要包含中文和空格。重啟mysql服務。通過命令列停止和啟動mysql服務
Xml代碼
- c:\>net stop mysql;
- c:\>net start mysql;
c:\>net stop mysql;c:\>net start mysql;
進入命令列進入mysql並查看二進位日誌是否已經啟動
Sql代碼
- mysql>show variables like 'log_%';
mysql>show variables like 'log_%';
日誌成功開啟後,會在E:/log/目錄下建立logbin.index和logbin.000001兩個檔案。logbin.000001就是資料庫的備份檔案,以後就可以通過此檔案對資料庫進行恢複操作。
2:查看備份的二進位檔案
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001
日後記錄的操作多了,命令列方式基本就用不上了。可以使用將日誌匯出檔案的方式來查看日誌內容
2.1 匯出
Xml代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log.txt
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log.txt
">": 匯入到檔案中; ">>": 追加到檔案中
如果有多個記錄檔
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\> mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log.sql
- c:\mysql\bin\> mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000002 >> e:/log/log.sql
c:\mysql\bin\> mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log.sqlc:\mysql\bin\> mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000002 >> e:/log/log.sql
2.2 按指定位置匯出:
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-position=185 --stop-position=338 e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log3.txt
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-position=185 --stop-position=338 e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log3.txt
2.3 按指定時間匯出:
Xml代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2010-01-07 11:25:56" --stop-datetime="2010-01-07 13:23:50" e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log_by_date22.txt
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2010-01-07 11:25:56" --stop-datetime="2010-01-07 13:23:50" e:/log/logbin.000001 > e:/log/log_by_date22.txt
3:從備份恢複資料庫
做了一次更新操作,之後日誌的內容如下:
Sql代碼
- /*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
- /*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
- DELIMITER /*!*/;
- # at 4
- #110107 13:23:50 server id 1 end_log_pos 106 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.1.53-community-log created 110107 13:23:50 at startup
- # Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
- ROLLBACK/*!*/;
- BINLOG '
- ZqMmTQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjUzLWNvbW11bml0eS1sb2cAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
- AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABmoyZNEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC
- '/*!*/;
- # at 106
- #110107 13:26:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 185 Query thread_id=44 exec_time=1 error_code=0
- SET TIMESTAMP=1294378018/*!*/;
- SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=44/*!*/;
- SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
- SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;
- SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
- /*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
- SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;
- SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
- SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
- BEGIN
- /*!*/;
- # at 185
- #110107 13:26:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 338 Query thread_id=44 exec_time=1 error_code=0
- use ncl-interactive/*!*/;
- SET TIMESTAMP=1294378018/*!*/;
- UPDATE `t_system_id` SET `id_value`='3000' WHERE (`table_name`='t_working_day')
- /*!*/;
- # at 338
- #110107 13:26:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 365 Xid = 8016
- COMMIT/*!*/;
- DELIMITER ;
- DELIMITER /*!*/;
- DELIMITER ;
- # End of log file
- ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
- /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;DELIMITER /*!*/;# at 4#110107 13:23:50 server id 1 end_log_pos 106 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.1.53-community-log created 110107 13:23:50 at startup# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.ROLLBACK/*!*/;BINLOG 'ZqMmTQ8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjUzLWNvbW11bml0eS1sb2cAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABmoyZNEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC'/*!*/;# at 106#110107 13:26:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 185 Querythread_id=44exec_time=1error_code=0SET TIMESTAMP=1294378018/*!*/;SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=44/*!*/;SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;SET @@session.sql_mode=1344274432/*!*/;SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;BEGIN/*!*/;# at 185#110107 13:26:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 338 Querythread_id=44exec_time=1error_code=0use ncl-interactive/*!*/;SET TIMESTAMP=1294378018/*!*/;UPDATE `t_system_id` SET `id_value`='3000' WHERE (`table_name`='t_working_day')/*!*/;# at 338#110107 13:26:58 server id 1 end_log_pos 365 Xid = 8016COMMIT/*!*/;DELIMITER ;DELIMITER /*!*/;DELIMITER ;# End of log fileROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
3.1 恢複:
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001 | mysql -u root -p
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog e:/log/logbin.000001 | mysql -u root -p
3.2 按指定位置恢複:
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-position=185 --stop-position=338 e:/log/logbin.000001 | mysql -u root -p
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-position=185 --stop-position=338 e:/log/logbin.000001 | mysql -u root -p
3.3 按指定時間恢複:
Xml代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2010-01-07 11:25:56" --stop-datetime="2010-01-07 13:23:50" e:/log/logbin.000001 | mysql -u root -p
c:\mysql\bin\>mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2010-01-07 11:25:56" --stop-datetime="2010-01-07 13:23:50" e:/log/logbin.000001 | mysql -u root -p
3.4 通過匯出的指令檔恢複
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysql -e "source e:/log/log.sql"
c:\mysql\bin\>mysql -e "source e:/log/log.sql"
4.其他常用操作
4.1 查看所有記錄檔
Sql代碼
- mysql>show master logs;
mysql>show master logs;
4.2 當前使用的binlog檔案
Sql代碼
- mysql>show binlog events \g;
mysql>show binlog events \g;
4.3 產生一個新的binlog記錄檔
Sql代碼
- mysql>flush logs;
mysql>flush logs;
4.4 刪除所有二進位日誌,並從新開始記錄(注意:reset master命令會刪除所有的二進位日誌)
Sql代碼
- mysql > flush logs;
- mysql > reset master;
mysql > flush logs;mysql > reset master;
4.5 快速備份資料到sql檔案
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin>mysqldump -u root -p --opt --quick interactive > e:/log/mysqldump.sql
c:\mysql\bin>mysqldump -u root -p --opt --quick interactive > e:/log/mysqldump.sql
為了方便查看,把從指令碼恢複的命令在寫一次
Sql代碼
- c:\mysql\bin\>mysql -e "source e:/log/mysqldump.sql"