linux 下 mysql安裝和配置

標籤：

最近在學習R語言，看到R與資料庫互動這一部分，就自己動手實踐了一下，資料庫選擇的是mysql，主要記錄下linux下怎麼安裝mysql。

網上的很多資料都有相關的文章，這裡只是記錄下自己安裝過程中遇到的問題和解決方案：

linux核心版本：

~$ uname -aLinux naci 3.19.0-16-generic #16-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 30 16:09:58 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

1.首先在liunx下安裝Mysql資料庫

~$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server  #安裝Mysql伺服器端~$ ps -aux|grep mysql                 #檢查Mysql伺服器處理序beili    10301  0.0  0.0  37080  3604 pts/7    S+    5月20   0:00 mysql -u root -pmysql    25125  0.0  0.0   4472  1704 ?        Ss   09:51   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safemysql    25496  0.0  3.1 859956 127084 ?       Sl   09:51   0:01 /usr/sbin/mysqd --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysql/error.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock --port=3306beili    26652  0.0  0.0  13708  2180 pts/19   S+   10:32   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql~$ netstat -nlt|grep 3306             #檢查Mysql伺服器佔用連接埠tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN   ~$ /etc/init.d/mysql status           # 通過啟動命令檢查Mysql伺服器狀態   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)   Active: active (running) since 四 2015-05-21 09:51:13 CST; 43min ago  Process: 25126 ExecStartPost=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)  Process: 25122 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)~$ service mysql status               # 通過系統服務檢查Mysql伺服器狀態● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)   Active: active (running) since 四 2015-05-21 09:51:13 CST; 44min ago  Process: 25126 ExecStartPost=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)  Process: 25122 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
~$ whereis mysql                      # 查看mysql各個檔案安裝的目錄
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib/mysql /etc/mysql /usr/include/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz

2.訪問和配置Mysql

$ mysql -u root -pEnter password: 

mysql預設的字元集為latin1的，所以要改為utf8的。很多網上的文章執行“sudo vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf”，可是開啟一看，裡面就兩行話：

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

想來mysql的設定檔應該是在那兩個檔案夾下面，於是嘗試之下開啟了/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/ 下的mysqld.cnf檔案，執行下面的命令：

~$ sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf...[client]default-character-set=utf8[mysqld_safe]socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.socknice            = 0[mysqld]character-set-server=utf8collation-server=utf8_general_ci
...

註：棕色部分是添加的內容

重啟mysql服務，並查看字元集的設定情況：

~$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart~$ mysql -u root -pmysql> show variables like "%char%"+--------------------------+----------------------------+| Variable_name            | Value                      |+--------------------------+----------------------------+| character_set_client     | utf8                       || character_set_connection | utf8                       || character_set_database   | utf8                       || character_set_filesystem | binary                     || character_set_results    | utf8                       || character_set_server     | utf8                       || character_set_system     | utf8                       || character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |+--------------------------+----------------------------+

 

linux 下 mysql安裝和配置