標籤:mysql多執行個體 主從複製 資料庫基礎操作
MySQL多執行個體
簡單的說就是在一台機器上開啟多個不同的服務連接埠(如3306,3307等)運行多個MySQL服務進程,這些服務進程通過不同個socket監聽不同的服務連接埠來提供各自的服務
多執行個體的作用與問題
1、有效利用伺服器
2、節約伺服器資源
3、資源互相搶佔問題
多執行個體應用情境
1、資金緊張型公司
2、並發訪問不是特別大的業務
3、門戶網站應用程式MySQL多執行個體情境
1、建立MySQL多執行個體的資料檔案目錄
先關掉我們之前啟動的單一實例
[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
[[email protected] ~]# mv /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/dan.mysqld
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
[[email protected] ~]# tree /data
/data
|-- 3306
| `-- data
`-- 3307
`-- data
4 directories, 0 files
多執行個體的是在我們之前上面文章操作單一實例的基礎上進行的,只是在單一實例進行到
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql 這一步時候就不再往下面操作了,這個不清楚的話可以參考上篇文章安裝,這裡就不再重複操作了
2、建立MySQL多執行個體的設定檔
[[email protected] ~]# vim /data/3306/my.cnf[client]port = 3306socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock[mysql]no-auto-rehash[mysqld]user = mysqlport = 3306socket = /data/3306/mysql.sockbasedir = /application/mysqldatadir = /data/3306/dataopen_files_limit = 1024back_log = 600max_connections = 800max_connect_errors = 3000table_cache = 614external-locking = FALSEmax_allowed_packet =8Msort_buffer_size = 1Mjoin_buffer_size = 1Mthread_cache_size = 100thread_concurrency = 2query_cache_size = 2Mquery_cache_limit = 1Mquery_cache_min_res_unit = 2k#default_table_type = InnoDBthread_stack = 192K#transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTEDtmp_table_size = 2Mmax_heap_table_size = 2Mlong_query_time = 1#log_long_format#log-error = /data/3306/error.log#log-slow-queries = /data/3306/slow.logpid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pidlog-bin = /data/3306/mysql-binrelay-log = /data/3306/relay-binrelay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.infobinlog_cache_size = 1Mmax_binlog_cache_size = 1Mmax_binlog_size = 2Mexpire_logs_days = 7key_buffer_size = 16Mread_buffer_size = 1Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 1Mbulk_insert_buffer_size = 1Mlower_case_table_names = 1skip-name-resolveslave-skip-errors = 1032,1062replicate-ignore-db=mysqlserver-id = 1innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4Minnodb_buffer_pool_size = 32Minnodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextendinnodb_file_io_threads = 4innodb_thread_concurrency = 8innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2innodb_log_buffer_size = 2Minnodb_log_file_size = 4Minnodb_log_files_in_group = 3innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120innodb_file_per_table = 0[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 2M[mysqld_safe]log-error=/data/3306/mysql_martin3306.errpid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pidvim /data/3307/my.cnf[client]port = 3307socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock[mysql]no-auto-rehash[mysqld]user = mysqlport = 3307socket = /data/3307/mysql.sockbasedir = /application/mysqldatadir = /data/3307/dataopen_files_limit = 1024back_log = 600max_connections = 800max_connect_errors = 3000table_cache = 614external-locking = FALSEmax_allowed_packet =8Msort_buffer_size = 1Mjoin_buffer_size = 1Mthread_cache_size = 100thread_concurrency = 2query_cache_size = 2Mquery_cache_limit = 1Mquery_cache_min_res_unit = 2k#default_table_type = InnoDBthread_stack = 192K#transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTEDtmp_table_size = 2Mmax_heap_table_size = 2M#long_query_time = 1#log_long_format#log-error = /data/3307/error.log#log-slow-queries = /data/3307/slow.logpid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid#log-bin = /data/3307/mysql-binrelay-log = /data/3307/relay-binrelay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.infobinlog_cache_size = 1Mmax_binlog_cache_size = 1Mmax_binlog_size = 2Mexpire_logs_days = 7key_buffer_size = 16Mread_buffer_size = 1Mread_rnd_buffer_size = 1Mbulk_insert_buffer_size = 1Mlower_case_table_names = 1skip-name-resolveslave-skip-errors = 1032,1062replicate-ignore-db=mysqlserver-id = 3innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4Minnodb_buffer_pool_size = 32Minnodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextendinnodb_file_io_threads = 4innodb_thread_concurrency = 8innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2innodb_log_buffer_size = 2Minnodb_log_file_size = 4Minnodb_log_files_in_group = 3innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120innodb_file_per_table = 0[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 2M[mysqld_safe]log-error=/data/3307/mysql_martin3307.errpid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid
3、建立多執行個體的啟動指令碼
[[email protected] ~]# vim /data/3306/mysql#!/bin/sh#initport=3306mysql_user="root"mysql_pwd="123456"CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"#startup functionfunction_start_mysql(){ if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & else printf "MySQL is running...\n" exit fi}#stop functionfunction_stop_mysql(){ if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped...\n" exit else printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown fi}#restart functionfunction_restart_mysql(){ printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 2 function_start_mysql}case $1 instart) function_start_mysql;;stop) function_stop_mysql;;restart) function_restart_mysql;;*) printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"esac[[email protected] ~]# vim /data/3307/mysql#!/bin/sh#initport=3307mysql_user="root"mysql_pwd="123456"CmdPath="/application/mysql/bin"mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock"#startup functionfunction_start_mysql(){ if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & else printf "MySQL is running...\n" exit fi}#stop functionfunction_stop_mysql(){ if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped...\n" exit else printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown fi}#restart functionfunction_restart_mysql(){ printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 2 function_start_mysql}case $1 instart) function_start_mysql;;stop) function_stop_mysql;;restart) function_restart_mysql;;*) printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql {start|stop|restart}\n"esac[[email protected] ~]# tree /data/data|-- 3306| |-- data| |-- my.cnf| `-- mysql`-- 3307 |-- data |-- my.cnf `-- mysql4 directories, 4 files[[email protected] ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data[[email protected] ~]# find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs ls -l-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1018 Jun 14 01:04 /data/3306/mysql-rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql 1017 Jun 14 01:01 /data/3307/mysql[[email protected] ~]# find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs chmod 700 [[email protected] ~]# find /data -type f -name "mysql"|xargs ls -l -rwx------. 1 mysql mysql 1018 Jun 14 01:04 /data/3306/mysql-rwx------. 1 mysql mysql 1017 Jun 14 01:01 /data/3307/mysql
4、初始化資料庫
[[email protected] mysql-5.5.32]# cd /application/mysql/scripts/[[email protected] scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3306/data/ --user=mysql[[email protected] scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data/ --user=mysql
5、啟動資料庫
[[email protected] scripts]# /data/3306/mysql startStarting MySQL...[[email protected] scripts]# /data/3307/mysql start Starting MySQL...[[email protected] scripts]# ss -lantup|grep 330tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* users:(("mysqld",20906,12))tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:3307 *:* users:(("mysqld",21624,11))
6、登入資料庫測試
[[email protected] scripts]# mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.5.32-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.mysql> [[email protected] scripts]# mysql -S /data/3307/mysql.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.5.32 Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
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7、兩個資料庫都成功了,大家可以建立一個執行個體3308,這裡就不再操作了,簡單看下最後的效果
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MySQL多執行個體學習筆記