sql server 2005中新增加的try catch學習

server

sql server 2005中新增加的try catch，可以很容易捕捉異常了，今天大概學習看了下，歸納下要點如下

基本用法BEGIN TRY
     {  sql_statement |
 statement_block  }
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
     {  sql_statement |
 statement_block }
END CATCH
，和普通語言的異常處理用法差不多，但要注意的是，SQL SERVER只捕捉那些不是嚴重的異常，當比如資料庫不能串連等這類異常時，是不能捕捉的一個例子：BEGIN TRY
  DECLARE @X INT
  -- Divide by zero to generate Error
  SET @X = 1/0
  PRINT 'Command after error in TRY block'
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
  PRINT 'Error Detected'
END CATCH
PRINT 'Command after TRY/CATCH blocks' 
另外try catch可以嵌套Begin TRY
  delete from GrandParent where Name = 'John Smith'
  print 'GrandParent deleted successfully'
End Try
Begin Catch
   Print 'Error Deleting GrandParent Record'
   Begin Try
     delete from Parent where GrandParentID =
     (select distinct ID from GrandParent where Name = 'John Smith')
     Print 'Parent Deleted Successfully'
   End Try
   Begin Catch
     print 'Error Deleting Parent'
     Begin Try
       delete from child where ParentId =
     (select distinct ID from Parent where GrandParentID =
     (select distinct ID from GrandParent where Name = 'John Smith'))
       print 'Child Deleted Successfully'
     End Try
     Begin Catch
       Print 'Error Deleting Child'
     End Catch
   End Catch
 End Catch
另外，SQL SERVER 2005在異常機制中，提供了error類的方法方便調試，現摘抄如下，比較簡單，不予以解釋ERROR_NUMBER(): Returns a number associated with the error.ERROR_SEVERITY(): Returns the severity of the error.ERROR_STATE(): Returns the error state number associated with the error.ERROR_PROCEDURE(): Returns the name of the stored procedure or trigger in which the error occurred.ERROR_LINE(): Returns the line number inside the failing routine that caused the error. ERROR_MESSAGE(): Returns the complete text of the error message. The text includes the values supplied for any substitutable parameters, such as lengths, object names, or times. 最後舉例子如下，使用了error類的方法BEGIN TRY
  DECLARE @X INT
  -- Divide by zero to generate Error
  SET @X = 1/0
  PRINT 'Command after error in TRY block'
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
  PRINT 'Error Detected'
  SELECT ERROR_NUMBER() ERNumber,
         ERROR_SEVERITY() Error_Severity,
         ERROR_STATE() Error_State,
         ERROR_PROCEDURE() Error_Procedure,
         ERROR_LINE() Error_Line,
         ERROR_MESSAGE() Error_Message
END CATCH
PRINT 'Command after TRY/CATCH blocks'
最後輸出Error Detected
Err_Num Err_Sev Err_State Err_Proc             Err_Line  Err_Msg
------- ------- --------- -------------------- --------- --------------------------------
8134        16          1 NULL                 4        Divide by zero error encountered.